Technocracy - it ngokungekho enetyala ingqiqo okanye abanobubi meko?

Ifilosofi of Technology yenza zonke kugxininiswa ngakumbi kwindima koongqondo zobugcisa kwi imodeli hlabathi lanamhlanje. Nokuba phakathi kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, ethandwayo phakathi iingcali ukuze ingqiqo technocracy, nto leyo ngenxa yenkqubela emangalisayo kwinzululwazi.

Thorstein Veblen nomsebenzi wakhe

Yintoni technocracy? A inkcazelo emfutshane kolu luvo kuthetha iinjineli amandla, akabonanga yaphuhliswa kumsebenzi Thorstein Veblen. Kumnyinyiva mkhulu kumayelana Utopia zentlalo wombhali yakhe ebizwa ngokuba 'zeenjineli kunye nenkqubo ixabiso ", epapashwe ngo-1921. Xa iingcali zakhe art kunye nenzululwazi enze inkonzo inkqubela kushishino kunye noluntu, baba zizisulu bezimali kunye endaweni izangqa eziphezulu oluntu ngenxa yesininzi. Ngokutsho kwiingcamango Veblen, kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ngoku lixesha lokuba ukuzisa kunye nesidima iteknoloji kwaye ukuyilwa iindawo eziphambili kulawulo eyiyo yoluntu. Ngelo xesha, umntu athi ukuba technocracy - yingcamango eye impumelelo, intetho Veblen wafumana impendulo ethile evela Burl, Frisch kunye nabanye.

Ukuvela technocrats zentshukumo

Kule minyaka ilishumi yesithathu kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini eUnited States, xa uluntu leyo yenzelwa i kwintlekele yoqoqosho, kwakukho intshukumo, njengokuba technocracy. Inkcazo nkqubo kunye nemigaqo yayo esekelwe kwingcamango kwendlela ofezekileyo lwentlalo ohambelana ngokupheleleyo iingcamango Veblen. Abanamathele technocracy wavakalisa ukuza omtsha ubudala, uluntu apho zonke iimfuno wonelisekile, umphakathi apho iinjineli namabugcisa abanezikhundla phambili. bawanikiwe ummiselo kwisigaba kwezoqoqosho, ngaphandle iingxaki, ulwabiwo eyiyo kwezibonelelo kunye neminye imiba.

Intshukumo wazuza technocrats umfutho. Kwakukho imibutho ngaphezu amakhulu mathathu waphupha ye revolution mveliso kunye nocwangciso lwezenzululwazi, osebenza lonke elo lizwe.

Technocracy iincwadi Bernheim and Galbraith

Ngowe-1941, Dzheyms Bernhaym, ingcali kwezentlalo evela America, wapapasha incwadi "zokuphatha Revolution." Kuyo waqiqa ukuba technocracy - umgca kwezopolitiko ngokwenene kumazwe aliqela. Waqaphela ukuba revolution technocratic luchaphazela ngoko uluntu, akukho socialism uza endaweni capitalism kunye "umphakathi lokulawula". Lawula ezinxulumene ne propati, xa ingekho akukho wumbi. Ubunini nolawulo kurhulumente kunye ezinkulu iinkampani bahlukane. Bernheim wayekholelwa ukuba impahla kufuneka lilifa kulawulo, okt abaphathi.

Kwi-imi- 60-70 ingcamango yokuba technocracy yaphuhliswa imisebenzi Dzhona Kenneta Galbraith kaThixo "Ingcamango kwezoqoqosho kunye neenjongo oluntu" yaye "The New Industrial State". Ngokombono Galbraith ngokusekelwe ingcamango "technostructure", uluhlu lwentlalo abaziingcali endle yobugcisa, yinto "sikhundla ubukrelekrele ezihlangeneyo kunye nezisombululo."

I ngenkuthalo ekuphuhliseni uluntu mveliso, i "technostructure" iye ibaluleka nje kuphela kwimiba yezoqoqosho, kodwa kulawulo loluntu. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba amandla ezopolitiko kufuneka ingqalelo ukubelenga basebenzisa ulwazi nenzululwazi ukulawula eluntwini.

Technocracy - sisiseko kwengcamango "uluntu technotronic" yi UZbigniew Bzhezhinskogo kunye 'uluntu post-mveliso "Deniela noBella.

Technocrat Daniel Bell

Daniel Bell - ingcali kwezentlalo kunye uprofesa e Harvard, nto leyo trend technocratic ifilosofi. Kule 60s wavelisa imfundiso kuluntu post-mveliso. It Bell ucaciswa umbono utshintsho capitalism evela ifuthe inkqubela kwezenzululwazi neteknoloji, ukuguquka lwayo inkqubo entsha, nto leyo yayiza kuba ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kuluntu mveliso kwaye kukhululwa eziphikisanayo yayo.

Ukugxekwa izimiso technocratic

technocrats ebesiyiqikelele ifezekiseke ixesha elide akakaze kwamathandabuzo. Kwisiqingatha sesibini zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ngoku lixesha lokuba ezifunyaniswe Akumangalisi, ukwandisa imveliso nokuphucula imigangatho abahlala kumazwe amaninzi. Kunye kunye neenkqubo ezintle, inkqubela zeteknoloji kukhokelele sekomelezeni nesenzeko ezimbi ezininzi kubeka ubomi babantu esichengeni. Ukugxekwa technocracy, amathemba yengxoxo kuchazwe ekukhetheni imisebenzi yobugcisa, ebandakanya kunye ekuboneni: ", Fahrenheit 451" Ray Bradbury "," Abakhaliphileyo Yehlabathi Elitsha "yi Aldous Huxley," 1984 "ngu George Orwell" Utopia 14 "uKarl Vonnegut, abanye. le misebenzi sesona soyikiso kuluntu, umgwebe uluntu owayenguzwilakhe technocrats, apho inkululeko gnoblenie kunye ubuntu kakhulu kuphuhliswa inzululwazi neteknoloji.

To-umhla jonga technocracy

Namhlanje zobulumko ingqalelo ngxaki technocracy njengenye ezingxamisekileyo. Abo kundigweba imigaqo technocratic ngokuqinileyo bakholelwa ukuba bulumko, bexhobile, kunye neenjongo ethical, bulumko neyomthetho, yokuhlalisana kunye angundoqo wayeza ukuqinisekisa ukuba technocracy uluntu - indlela ebubudenge zophuhliso.