T-50 - lo umlweli sesihlanu-ngezizukulwana. Iimpawu umlweli Russian T-50

Kungekudala Air amabutho Russian Federation uya kufumana mlweli entsha isizukulwana 5 ze-T-50. Lo moya iyabiza, malunga $ ezilikhulu ezigidi olusekelwe ngeranti yanamhlanje, kwaye umyinge umhlawuli werhafu kakuhle kakhulu ungacelwa malunga nokufaneleka kokuchitha isixa esikhulu kangaka semali.

Kutheni sifuna i Pak FA, kunye neminye imiba

Ingaba Kufuneka le "toy 'eqolo emkhosini zethu, kusini na imfuneko engxamisekileyo, kwaye uya kuba yintoni indima yalo ekuqinisekiseni isibhakabhaka ngoxolo phezu kwilizwe lethu? Yintoni moya utshaba kudibana amadabi emoyeni okukrokrelwayo mhlawumbe? ukuba akakwazi ukuphuma kubo ophumeleleyo yaye yintoni na amathuba okuba umphumela onjalo? Yintoni imingeni ukuba zithunyelwe kule "ezintsonkothileyo Aviation ngaphambili-umgca", kwaye lilihle? Ziziphi iimpawu zayo iinkcukacha? Ngubani owaqala omnye umjikelo komoya zomkhosi uhlanga? mbuzo wokugqibela, kwaye kungaba isitshixo ukusabela bonke abanye.

Race emoyeni

Omakhwapheni uhlanga kwenzeka kwimbali yoluntu ngonaphakade. Izinto eziluncedo bomkhosi, engumnini mizekelo ogqibeleleyo zobugcisa, ukuba akukho ekhulwini ezilikhulu, ngoko ukuphembelela ubuncinane ngokubonakalayo isiphumo imfazwe. Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-novalo, waqalisa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo moya jet. Omnye emva komnye izilwi isizukulwana mzuzu, iyileyo yahlukile zonke iimpawu zangaphambili best zobugcisa: izinga kokwenyuka, isilingi, uphume, ubukhulu kunye mali kwi-ebhodini ngeziqu iingalo ezincinane, ubukho kunye nenani iintlobo ezahlukeneyo imijukujelwa, indlela ucupho kunye navigation. Zonke izizukulwana de kwaba ezintlanu. Kwabo batshabalalayo ziquka US F-22 kunye F-35, J-20 Chinese kunye Russian T-50. yesihlanu-isizukulwana mbono ukusuka ngokwembonakalo ahluka ukusuka moya, kude kakhulu kusanda ingqalelo ilizwi lokugqibela technology mboni.

umahluko zangaphandle

Ngoko ke, ziziphi iimpawu yangaphandle-moya interceptor eliphezulu? Yokuqala kunye umahluko ophambili phakathi kwabo imilo emboxo ngakumbi, engaqhelekanga emva MiGs ezintle silhouette egudileyo, "FOUND", "wabo" yaye "Dry", ezithi zonke zisetyenziselwa minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Kakade ke, ubuhle akukho tyala. yakhiwe yenziwa ezidibanayo kwi iinqwelomoya ethile engile, ngenxa yokuba isakhono ukubonisa imiphezulu yerada radiation ukuze kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba kakhulu, akazange abuyele ukwamkelwa eriyali radar, waza waya kwenye indawo ecaleni. efanayo Iimfuno njengoba bizela kukungabikho okanye ukuncitshiswa iingalo umthwalo yangaphandle, leyo, ngenxa iimilo entsonkothileyo "ukukhanya" ingakumbi okukhulu. Abantu ukuqonda kancinci emoyeni, yaye ziya kuzimakishela ezi emhlabeni wesithathu apho moya umlweli yesihlanu-isizukulwana zingahlukaniswa. Pak FA T-50 njengoko oogxa bangaphandle, usebenzo uye rotary lugxile kumda wesangqa. Ukuba igama technical ukuguqulela ukuba ulwimi, oku kuthetha ukuba nemilomo zibe hybrid malunga umgca iziko longitudinal xa moya ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Xa abanye moya karma isizukulwana sesihlanu unamalunga isakhiwo esifanayo imodeli elidlulileyo.

izinto

technology Inkangeleko akavumi kugweba ezinye iinketho ezininzi azizi kufunyanwa iliso. isizukulwana sesihlanu umlweli New T-50 nje kuphela ngokwenziwa titanium kunye aluminiyamu, ukusa kumkhamo othile (phantse isiqingatha), ukwakhiwa wako wenziwe ngokusebenzisa izinto iplastiki zizonke. ukukhula kobuchule kwavula indlela yokuba imveliso yemichiza sebenzisa Iipholima ngenxa nokuveliswa iindawo ezazikade kwenziwa kuphela ngentsimbi. Oku ngoko nangoko kusonjululwa iingxaki ezininzi: zibe ubunzima ngaphantsi, umngcipheko imveliso umhlwa nayo wehlile, kodwa isiphumo ephambili iye ukuba ukubonakala eliphantsi lweenkqubo air yokuzikhusela. amatyathanga Polymer i uhlobo umatshini, sikuphelise radiation ophezulu rhoqo. Inkqubela phambili yakutsha nje kule ndawo ziye zasetyenziswa xa kusenziwa izinto T-50. yesihlanu-isizukulwana mbono ukuba super-moya, stealthy kwaye isantya neempawu supersonic. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ukuba ukukhanya, yomelela, kwaye zibonisa kancinci kangangoko ukuba radiation ophezulu rhoqo.

"Umzingeli" - "wokuqala"

AmaMelika baba ngoovulindlela yokwazisa imigaqo-moya karma isizukulwana wesihlanu. Kwakhona wokudla wentlahlela ekrakra yamava.

Low Utyikityo radar, nto leyo eye yaba yimfuneko imfazwe mihla, moya ingcibi udale ezininzi iingxaki. Iimbono malunga omoya ukuba ukuba ezihlaziyiweyo, mandundu kakhulu iimpawu eziphaphazelayo. Zonakala elide. "Umzingeli" ukumelana uxinezeleko ngaphantsi kwe "phantom", owayesakuba 'workhorse "ye US Air Force ebudeni beMfazwe Vietnam (4,95g / 0.8 max kwi F-22 nxamnye 5,50g / 0.8 max kwi-F-4E ). Kukukhawulezisa oko kwakhona ngaphantsi kunalowo moya ezenzelwe kwi 50 ubudala, yaye wafumana ukulwa namava kwi 60s.

iimpawu athobekile kwaye moya ngenxa imfuneko yokubeka vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh iingalo. MiGs, "wabo" yaye "Tomcat" wathwala imijukujelwa ngaphantsi kwamaphiko, yaye phantse zonke isithuba elingaphakathi zarhwebisana isityalo amandla, amatanki amafutha, crew cabin, avionics kunye namanye amacandelo ezibalulekileyo. Kucacile ukuba, isixa esongezelelweyo ezehlisa yokubhabha. Oku kuquka nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ukuba i "Umzingeli" kunjalo ziya kufumaneka, kunye nembangi yakhe wadubula enomjukujelwa, ngoko konke okuseleyo ukuba umqhubi u- oko kwangaphambili. Ukuze baphumile kuvuthelwa ithuba elincinane.

Worth US moya malunga nezigidi 350. Enye ngelixa lo moya, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindleko zokusebenza kunye neendleko zabasebenzi lelinge "notyhalo" of $ 44 000. Yinto eninzi. «Umzingeli» F-22 sele isuswe imveliso.

Chinese "Black Eagle"

Le Jets umlweli Chinese baqalisa ukwakha kunye nokubambezeleka isizukulwana omnye. Ekuqaleni uyilo Labantu Aviation kushishino kaThixo babengekho, wayikhuphela iinqwelomoya Soviet. Ngoko ke, bakho "banyebeleza» J-20 Chinese ngokuthozama ibhekisa besizukulwana sesine, nkqu imigangatho yehlabathi kusenokwenzeka elivumelana wesihlanu. Kwi i "Chengdu" kangako, kodwa ukugweba ngokwembonakalo yazo, oko kuseyingxubakaxaka inaso izimvo nabayili Soviet.

Le projekthi ayiphumelelanga mig-waphefumlela 1,44 iinjineli Chengdu Aircraft Industry Corporation ukudala inkqubo efanayo compositional. Ukususela moya Russian "Black Eagle" ikwabizwa ngokuba J-20, sifunyenwe kwaye iinjini. Kuba karma isizukulwana yesihlanu T-50 abakhi CB "Dry" yesekethe ezimbini babonelelwa ephehla eziguquguqukayo xa moya ezimbini amahlanza kumda wesangqa. Iinkcukacha ayaziwa, kodwa ezimbini saliphosa injini kuphuhlisa ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-18, nto leyo, Kakade, obungaphezu J-20.

enye American

Kwi yee- emva kwexesha eUnited States sele iqalile inkqubo nenxa nokuphucula i Marine Corps. Ukuba indawo i "oonomeva» F-18 kwakufuneka inqwelo-moya entsha, leyo ezinye iimpawu isizukulwana esilandelayo moya. Lo msebenzi nzima amabango ezimbini wazisa ntlanu: ithuba shipborne zaselwandle kunye neendleko ubuncinane kunokwenzeka. Waphumelela lo moya kukhuphiswano oluphuhliswe Lockheed-Martin F-35 "Umbane" ( "Umbane"). Ekubalekeni kwawo kunye nokusebenza, kwakunye neempawu zokulwa ikhapitali nokuba iklasi Russian Su-35 interceptors. T-50 yesihlanu-isizukulwana fighter, kuko kakhulu phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo.

Indlela yokubona abe yinkokeli?

Okwangoku ngamabhaso ukukhethwa makamisele ngeyona nto intle interceptor lwangoku kuthiwa ibango moya ezintathu. Ngelo xesha akukho lula ukuba ukuthelekisa isizukulwana sesihlanu karma moya ngokwayo. T-50, F-22, J-20 yaye F-35 yimizekelo okuyimfihlo, iinkcukacha zabo eziyimfihlo ngamacebo karhulumente, nazigweba ukuba kunokwenzeka kuphela xa iinkcukacha zale eziye avuza kwi eendaba ngexesha ibonisa zabo mboniso. Sekunjalo, ingenziwa kwizigqibo ezithile.

Uthelekiso i "owomileyo" kunye "Umzingeli"

Ngenxa yokungabikho kwengcaciso lobuchule, iyavakala ukusebenzisa indlela elula kunazo yovavanyo, yemigca. Pak-FA enkulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-"Umzingeli", ngoko ke, izixhobo bay wayo ukubamba imijukujelwa ngakumbi iibhombu ekhokelwa. Ngoko ke, phezu (y F-22 12 no-4, ngokulandelelana) lapapasha data ewuthweleyo kwi fuselage 10 SD 6 phantsi kwamaphiko. Xa iingcali efanayo Western alatha ukuvuthuluka banyebeleza kunye sokunqunyanyiswa yangaphandle, kodwa iinjineli Russian akuphuhlanga kakuhle thsuphe ukuba ilifa ubuchwepheshe "Plasma-banyebeleza" ilungelelanise le yeempazamo. UMgwebi karma besizukulwana 5 of the best ogama, kwaye ube radially ukusetyenziswa yokulwa. T-50 kukugubungela amawaka 5.5. Km, lo gama i-F-22 kuphela 3.2 amawaka. Km. Isidima "Umzingeli" kuvela kwinkqubo ekhethekileyo ubushushu wokuzibhubhisa trail, kwakunye radars ukusebenza kwi umthamo ngokupheleleyo radiation. Zombini ezi mpawu zenza kube nzima ukubona infrared. Kwakhona unalo ngesantya esiphezulu supersonic ingami (Mach 1.8, ezifana T-50), ukuvumela ukuba afike ngokukhawuleza abakwindawo yokulwa lomoya. Yintoni elandelayo?

Le mpi Kuthiwa

Uphume kwe Russian isizukulwana yesihlanu karma T-50 ingcono kakhulu American F-22 interceptor. Oku ufana nawo onke amanye parameters, ibonakalisa ukuphumelela ye air yokulwa mihla, ngokwendlela kumava yomkhosi eminyaka yakutshanje. Kulo mzekelo, inqwelomoya bobabini zadalelwa ukusombulula neendidi zemisebenzi, kuquka ukuhlaselwa kwiithagethi emhlabeni. Mu kuya kwa nshita "oogxa 'American Russian T-50, ukulwa yesihlanu-isizukulwana ingayiyo moya supersonic kunye ukuhlasela, lo gama" Umzingeli "ngaphambi ukudubula kufuneka thoba isantya.

Ngaphandle ayithobe imfaneleko yolu interceptor American, kokuba kuthathwe ukuba kwimeko yokulwa umoya, zonke ezinye izinto ilingana, impumelelo kuya kukhatshwa moya Russian kaninzi ngaphezu American. Iingcali ngokuba umlinganiselo elisondeleyo ilahleko: omnye kwabane. Ukuziqhelisa, eli nani kungcono nangoku kungalawulwa.