"Sherman Jikelele" - umthi inkulu ehlabathini. umsequoia

Umsequoia - enye imithi inkulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. In amaxesha സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe kwaye Cretaceous, kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo eYurophu Asia, kodwa ngoku ugcinwe kuphela kwiintaba California kunye Southern Oregon. Oku izityalo oyidingayo pre-Ice Age, ke kubizwa ngokuba iifosili ophilileyo.

iimpawu

umsequoia (umsequoia, umthi omkhulu), ogama emva intloko amaNdiya, ndingaziwa ngokupheleleyo baseYurophu de-1850. A Ashera zemithi ezinkulu ngengozi wafumanisa i eliNgesi Lobb.

I AmaNdiya wabiza sequoias "yamahlathi oobawo." Oku kwenza ingqiqo, njengoko kuchaziwe yi umthi kuphela ukufikelela kubude neemitha 100-120, kodwa aphile ixesha ngokumangalisayo elide. Izangqa yonyaka mdala kubo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba bafikelele kwiminyaka engama 3,000.

umsequoia fanele intsapho Taxodiaceae (gymnosperms Division). Le umthi coniferous uhlaza uhlaza. Nangona iinkuni ezintle ashinyeneyo uxatyiswa kakhulu, ithuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuqoqosho incinane ngenxa yokunqaba eze- wompayina. Endaweni yoko, isetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhombisa. Ukutyala ezi zigantsontso zifumaneka eCaucasus kwaye kunxweme olusemazantsi eCrimea.

Umsequoia and Giant umsequoia?

Nangona le mithi ziyafana kakhulu, kukho umahluko phakathi kwazo.

Wompayina kukhula kumantla e-California kwi zinomtya elimxinwa unxweme. Kubo, imozulu intle kufumile kunye enkungwini sizingise. A umsequoia ufumaneka kwi kumathambeka yasentshona Sierra Nevada (undizela ka 1.5-2 km). Umsequoia iikhowuni ukuze zivuthelana xa ezifumileyo. Kuba irhashalala imbewu kufuneka sezulu eyomileyo eshushu.

imililo Forest, kuyingozi zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuba ezi imithi udlale indima kwenziwe kunye nokukhula kuvala. Ibhumbulu ubushushu ezityhilekileyo, kwaye imbewu ziwe emhlabeni, sele likhululekile ukhula. imithi ukuvuthwa ixolo yazo enamandla emlilweni akazange ubunzima kangangoko nezinye izityalo. Kwaye umgqomo umsequoia endala enkulu anokuqulatha ukuya iilitha 8000 zamanzi.

Ezi zigebenga hit ukuphakama kwayo. Bathi nezinye iintlobo zomgamtriya isihloko imithi emide. Umsequoia mfutshane encinane yobude imitha-ikhulu, kodwa akhokelela-newu balo babulingana nesandla, ofikelela ngaphezulu kwe-10 m. Hayi kungekho sizathu zibizwa wawumkhulu.

Umzekelo, umsequoia "Sherman Jikelele" liye nesiqu ngaphezulu kwe-35 m. Ukuze ukuqhuba isangqa eli ngxilimbela, kuya kuthabatha abantu abangaphezu kwama-25! Lo mthi ithathwa i ezinkulu ehlabathini ukususela 1931.

sequoias Giant - ayevile. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX bahlabeka phantsi ngenxa womthi ezixabisekileyo. yobudala imithi ugqibe amakhonkco ukukhula kwi kwizikhondo. Ndafumanisa ukuba ezinye babo ubomi iminyaka malunga 3 amawaka! Bakhulela ngexesha xa kuphela amaYiputa baqalisa ukwakha iiphiramidi dumeke.

umsequoia branched yaye ilifa onamandla kunene iingcambu. Bark iqulethe izinto mathumbu ooqongqothwane ixolo kunye nezinye izinambuzane. Ngu nomngundo kunye ulele nayo ukhuselo imichiza.

General Sherman Tree

E California (USA) waseka Ipaki kaZwelonke "umsequoia". main indima yawo - i "Forest Giants" - Grove of imithi ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Phantse kuzo zonke iimeko igama layo. Phakathi edume Jikelele Sherman umthi. Kuyinto nje emangalisayo. Umsequoia "Sherman Jikelele" - umthi omkhulu ehlabathini. Kukholelwa ukuba iminyaka yakhe iminyaka 2300-2700. Ubude ayikho kubukhulu imithi -. "Kuphela" meters 84, kodwa ke umthamo omkhulu, mayibalwe phantse 1,500 cubic metres, kwaye inobunzima malunga 2,500 tonnes yenza ophilileyo nto inkulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu.

Kwaye oku kumda, ngokuba wompayina akhula kubo bonke ubomi. Baya kufa yokwaluphala kunokuba enkulu kangakanani yobukhulu balo wawumkhulu. Kukho kuza ngesiquphe xa buti umthi nga esakwazi ubunzima obukhulu. Yena uyazifohloza nje. A "Sherman Jikelele" iyaqhubeka ukukhula, ukwandisa ubukhulu bayo ngonyaka ubuncinane isiqingatha isentimitha. Okwangoku, ungaphezulu kwe-11.1 m!

Loo emthini omkhulu etsala ingqalelo ezizodwa zabakhenkethi. National Park "umsequoia" nyaka ngamnye ityelelwa amashumi amawaka abantu abafuna ukubona le nto ihlabathi, ukuthatyathwa umfanekiso ecaleni kwabo.

Ogama lakhe behlonipha hero

Sherman Jikelele, ogama imbeko umthi - US hero lesizwe. Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, wayekuthanda ngisho ngaphezu Grant Jikelele. Umsebenzi kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle phantsi kwephiko Sherman yaba kumzabalazo Atlanta, emva koko wamkela emuva i-Aram Army, ikhokelwa ngu Johnston. Ngowe-1869, ezihlangwini Grant Jikelele njengoko US imikhosi umphathi omkhulu.

Ngowe-1879, semvelo uYakobi Wolverton Township, ngexesha leMfazwe Civil wakhonza empini Sherman Lieutenant, ebizwa umthi omkhulu egameni umphathi oyintanda.

Ke kaloku, yesibini ngobukhulu kweli hlabathi uthathwa umsequoia "Grant General".

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo park

Ngaphandle "Giant Forest" abakhenkethi bathanda yi kwitonela-log. Ngowe-1937, ngaphaya kwendlela epakini bawa umsequoia, uvimba indlela iimoto. Ukuze sifumane umendo abasebenzi epakini kwanyanzeleka ukuba itshone ngendlela ububanzi itonela m-5 kunye nokuphakama malunga 2.5 m. Wood bagqiba ukuba ukucoca, kwaye waba ngomnye ezinomtsalane eziphambili.

Embindini paki kukho induli lenyengane Moro Rock, phezu kwawo ngezinyuko. On top of imbono zobungangamela lonke "Anaki ehlathini." Nomtsalane kubo nemiqolomba emininzi. Noko ke, ukuba zivaliwe eluntwini, ngaphandle enye.

Beautiful ipaki kunye nemithi enkulu ngoku usengozini. Ukuqhubeka kule minyaka yokugqibela imbalela California eye yabangela imililo ezininzi, nto leyo abakwazi ukumelana nkqu wompayina zinamandla. Ukunqongophala ukufuma emhlabeni livalela ukuvela kumagqabi abaselula. Ngelishwa, le ayevile ukuba shwaka ebusweni Yomhlaba.