Nikolai Ryzhkov: biography kunye neefoto

Umzekelo wezopolitiko unokuthiwa ubomi boNikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov. Wadlula kuwo onke amanyathelo okwenziwa komsebenzi kwaye wayenomfanekiso wezopolitiko waseSoviet obonakala ngathi wadalwa ngokukodwa ukukhuthaza indlela yokuphila yaseSoviet. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo uNikolai Ivanovich wayehlala eMntu: kunye neemvakalelo, umlingiswa, umbono.

Usapho kunye nobuntwana

Kwintsapho yommbiwa ukusuka kwidolophana yaseDyleyevka kwingingqi yaseDonetsk, ngoSeptemba 28, 1929, kwaneza kwanezela - kwazalwa unyana. Ngako-ke, inkokheli yexesha elizayo uRykovkov Nikolay Ivanovich uvele. Akukho nto eyayifanekisela i-biography ebalulekileyo, kodwa isiphumo sasiyilungiselelo leenkwenkwe.

Ubuntwaneni bukaNicolai kwakungekho lula, kuba ngelo xesha ilizwe lalijongene namaxesha anzima: ukushishino, imfazwe. Yonke le nto yenze le nkwenkwe ikhulile kusasa kwaye icinge malunga nokufumana umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Emva kwesikolo, ungena kwiikholeji zobunjineli, apho ufumene okhethekileyo kwiinjini zobunjineli. Umnqweno wokufezekisa umgangatho ophakamileyo kumsebenzi umnyanzela ukuba angene kwi-Urals Polytechnic Institute ekupheleni kwe "zixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe be-welding" ekupheleni kwesikolo sobugcisa.

Umsebenzi okhawulezayo waseSoviet

Emva kokugqiba esikolweni sobugcisa, uNikolay Ryzhkov uqala umsebenzi wakhe. Wadibanisa ubomi bakhe kunye ne-Urals Machine Building Plant. Ngo-1950, ufika e-Uralmash, apho aya kusebenza iminyaka eyi-25. Uqala i-shift master, kwaye ngokukhawuleza uqhubekela phambili kwinqanaba lomsebenzi: intloko ye-span, umphathi wevenkile, ubuchwepheshe be-teknoloji, oyinjiniyela, umlawuli jikelele. Kwiminyaka engama-40 wamiselwa ukuba abe yinhloko yenkampani yexabiso lemanyano. Abantu abambalwa kakhulu banokukwazi ukufikelela eziphakamileyo, kwaye oku kungqinelana nobuchule obuvelele bukaNikolai Ryzhkov.

Uyaziwa ngokusebenza kakuhle, ukukwazi ukuthatha uxanduva lwakhe, ukulawula italente, umnqweno wokungena kuyo yonke inkcazelo yenkqubo, elawulayo. Kwintsimi yokuvelisa imveliso, wayekuloo mihla i-ace real; Wabhala ezimbini iifomographe, amanqaku amaninzi ezenzululwazi. Ngexesha lakhe e-Uralmashzavod, u-Nikolai Ryzhkov wanikezelwa kabini umvuzo weRhafu: ukulungiselela nokufeza iprojekthi yokwenza ibhloko elikhulu leeworkshops kwizakhiwo zobunjineli ezikhuselekile kunye nokuphuhlisa nokuzisa izityalo eziqhubekayo zokulahla.

Umphathi wezinga lelizwe

Umkhokeli onjalo osebenzayo kwaye othembisayo akanakuze ahlale ixesha elide njengomlawuli jikelele wezona zikhulu ezinkulu zeSoviet. Uludwe lwabahlali beli lizwe lwenziwa nguNikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov, olwazi lwakhe lwaluphumelele kakhulu, kwaye akazange ahlale eluhlu lwabaviwa kwizithuba eziphakamileyo ixesha elide. Ngo-1975, u-Nikolai Ryzhkov wamiselwa uSekela-Mphathiswa wokuqala we-Engineering and Weight Engineering. Kwiminyaka emine kamva waba yiphini likasihlalo weKomiti yoCwangciso loRhulumente we-USSR. Ummeli welizwe uNikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov wayevelele ngokubambelela kwimimiselo, ukucinga ngokulingana, ukuqhubela phambili. Amandla akhe okusebenza, amava kunye nolwazi alunakucaluleka kwezi zithuba eziphezulu.

Upolitiko wexesha lamaSoviet

Ngowe-1982, u-Politicalist uNikolai Ryzhkov wabonakala kweli lizwe, olwabilo lwakhe lenza ujikelezo olulandelayo aze amthathe phezulu. Ngokwezithethe zalo xesha uRyzhkov waba ilungu leQumrhu lamaKomanisi ngo-1956, le nto yayiyimfuneko ebalulekileyo kulabo abafuna ukuqhuba umsebenzi. Ngowe-1981, waba ilungu leKomiti ePhambili ye-CPSU, kwaye, njengoko kwakunjalo ku-Nikolai Ivanovich, uqala ukuqhubela phambili kumanyathelo okulingana komsebenzi. U-Nikolai Ivanovich uthe ukuqaliswa kweKomidi Ephambili kuyimangalisa kuye, esi siganeko siphumo sengqondo esihle kuye Yu.V. Andropov. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqeshwa kukaRyzhkov kufakwe kwikhomishini yokulungiselela ukulungiswa. Imeko kweli lizwe yayinzima kakhulu, kwaye iqela, elibandakanya i-MS. Gorbachev, kwakufuneka ukuvavanya imeko kunye nokwenza iziphakamiso zokulungiswa kwayo. Emva koko uNikolai Ryzhkov kamva, ongu-biography wakhe uchaza ukuphakama okulandelayo, waba unobhala weKomiti yeNtloko yeCPSU, oyintloko yeSebe lezoqoqosho. Wazi kakuhle indlela izinto ezihamba ngayo kweli lizwe, ziqonda iingxaki zezoqoqosho, zinokucinga indlela eyinyani yokuphuma kwintlekele. Ngowe-1985, waba lilungu lePolbuburo yeKomiti yeNtloko yeCPSU, ibhunga elilawulayo leli lizwe ngeli xesha.

Ukuza kumandla we-MS. UGorbachev Ryzhkov wayithatha ngenkuthalo. Wayexhasa imbono yesidingo sokuguqulwa, ekuqapheliseni ukuba ilizwe lijikeleza elontlango, kwaye kuphuthumayo ukwenza into. Ngo-1985, uGorbachev wamisela ukuba abe nguSihlalo weBhunga labaPhathiswa be-USSR, iRyzhkov yaba ngumntu wesibini kweli lizwe. Njengoko uNdunankulu uNikola Ivanovich wenza igalelo elikhulu ekupheliseni imiphumo eyingozi yengozi yaseChernobyl kunye nenyikima komhlaba eSpitak. Uphuhlisa inxalenye yezoqoqosho kwinkqubo ye-perestroika yaseGrbachev. Isikhundla sakhe sasinzima kakhulu: ngakolunye uhlangothi, iinkululeko zimmangalela ngokungabikho kokuzimisela ekwenzeni ukuguqulwa, ngenye indlela, iiKomanisi zemvubelo endala zazikholelwa ukuba wazithengisa iinjongo ze-communism. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba, uRevkov wahlaselwa yintliziyo, kwaye uGorbachev wamthuma ukuba athathe umhlalaphantsi. Kukho ingqungquthela eyenziwa nguRyzhkov isikhundla sokuqala kweli lizwe, iGrbachev kwaye yamsusa emandleni.

Umongameli wexesha langoku

Emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi u-Nikolai Ryzhkov akashiyi indawo yezopolitiko, kodwa usebenza kuMongameli we-RSFSR waza waba ngumntu wesibini wombuso emva kweYeltsin. Ngo-1995 wanyulwa i-deputy ku-State Duma kwaye uya kubamba iintlanganiso ezintathu. Ngomnyaka ka-2003, waba ilungu leBhunga leNkampani, apho wayesebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwiKomidi yeNdalo zendalo. Wayexhasa umgaqo we-Vladimir Putin, wavotela igunya kumongameli ukusebenzisa amandla e-Ukraine. Ngo-2014 ufumana kwizandla zikaPutin uMyalelo weMerit for the Landland. Ngokubanzi, uNikola Ivanovich unamaphulo amaninzi. Unemiyalelo engama-7, amajelo amaninzi, awamkela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, wanikwa umbulelo nguMongameli waseRashiya.

Ubomi bodwa

U-Nikolai Ryzhkov, owakhe isithombe asizange sishiye kumaphephandaba kwiminyaka yama-1990, ukhetha ukungathethi ngokuphila kwakhe. Umfazi wakhe uLyudmila Sergeyevna kunye nentombazana kaMarna ayinakudlulisa udliwano-ndlebe kwaye akayi kukhanya kwiintlanga zentlalo. Kwixesha elingaqhelekanga lokuzilibazisa uRyzhkov ufunda kakhulu, uthanda umculo, kodwa ke into ebalulekileyo ebomini ibiza umsebenzi.