Moon. Le, kwelinye icala elingemva imbali kunye nobungqina owayephila

Ngaphezu naziphi na ezinye izinto isithuba ukususela kumaxesha amandulo umdla inyanga yabantu. Le, kwelinye icala elingemva kuyo, ukususela ngumbukeli emhlabeni efihliweyo, zavelisa ezininzi nabakwaziyo ntsomi ezinxulumene nayo yonke eyimfihlakalo nentsonkothileyo. Uphononongo lwenzululwazi site satellite ingafikeleleki yaqala ngo-1959, xa izithombe kwisikhululo yiSoviet "Luna-3". Ekubeni data emva ukukhanya ngobusuku kuchuma ebalulekileyo, kodwa ke inani nemiba enxulumene nayo, iye zehla kancinci.

ungqamaniso

Namhlanje, phantse wonke umntu uyazi ukuba nguye unobangela omnye iimpawu eziphambili okuluphawu inyanga. Icala ngasemva yesathelayithi Bufihlakele mkhanyo Emhlabeni, ngenxa ungqamaniso wezikhanyiso ebusuku kunye nentshukumo malunga ezimanyeneyo planethi. wawufuna ixesha revolution enye, kuzo zombini ezi meko iyafana. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba elinye icala le-yesathelayithi ekwezi ilanga ngendlela efanayo abonakale. Le walithiywa "mnyama", ngokufuthi lisetyenziswa ukuchaza indawo kwenyanga, kunokuba isicelo ngokufuziselayo 'efihlakeleyo "," ayaziwa. "

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba emva kwexesha elithile le Umhlaba uza kuqalwa ukuba iqabane lakhe omnye kuphela inxalenye yawo. Ukuba ugcwalise ungqamaniso kunokubangela impembelelo kwelifa imizimba ezimbini yasezulwini. Imizekelo iinkqubo kunye nexesha efanayo kwezindululo ukuqondana ezi iPluto kunye Charon - zombini izidumbu rhoqo gu ukuba iqabane iqela elinye bonke.

libration

Nge iplanethi yethu kubonakala ngaphezu kwesiqingatha ngaphezulu kwenyanga, malunga nowama-59%. Oku kuchazwe yi babizwa ngokuba librations - nokunyuka satellite elibonakalayo. umongo wazo kukuba komzila neNyanga ijikeleza umhlaba noko evuthelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintsha isantya intshukumo zezifundo libration apho entshonalanga: mkhanya ezisentlabathini nayo iba yinxalenye ebonakalayo ebusweni ngasempumalanga, ngasentshonalanga.

Kwithambeka ezimanyeneyo satellite nayo onesiphumo kwi ukunyuka ekhoyo "ukubukela" indawo. Yenza libration Latitude: ukusuka Umhlaba uba libonakala ngasentla, kwipali ngasezantsi eNyangeni.

Iimfihlelo kwinkulungwane: icala elingemva yenyanga

Isifundo satellite encediswa iziphekepheke ngokusesikweni ngo-1959. Emva ezimbini station eSoviet zafikelela izibane ebusuku. "Luna 2" waba umatshini wokuqala kwimbali iziphekepheke satellite ngonaphakade ukutyelela (oko September 13, 1959). "Luna 3" ukufota malunga nesiqingatha ubuso umzimba engaphandle, kunye sisibini esithathwini ukufota kwenzeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Idatha yadluliselwa Earth. Ngoko ke waqalisa isifundo kwenyanga nge "mnyama" ngesandla efihlakeleyo.

I Izithombe lokuqala Soviet leyo yahluke ngokupheleleyo nomgangatho ophantsi ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso zobugcisa ngokukodwa ngexesha. Noko ke, bavumelekile ukuba ubone ezinye bokuqonda komhlaba kwaye unike izigaba iitayitile isiqabu. izinto igama eSoviet liye elaziwa emhlabeni kwaye zimiliselwe iimaphu kwenyanga.

Wesimanje Isigaba

Namhlanje, elinye icala le imephu iNyanga zabuya ngokupheleleyo. Enye lokugqibela data zayo zifunyenwe izazi yaseMelika ngo-2012. Babona yamathumba zejoloji ifihlakele ukusuka mkhanyo phezu Umhlaba phezulu, ebonisa umsebenzi satellite elide nokwakheka kunokuba bendicinga ngaphambili.

Namhlanje kuhlelwa entsha ukuhlolwa kweNyanga. Ngokutsho izazi ezininzi, i-satellite umhlaba wethu - kuba yiloo ndawo ogqibeleleyo nokuthwala iziseko komhlaba kwixesha elizayo. Kwaye ngoko ufuna ukuqonda ngqo kumphezulu lento. Isifundo inceda, ingakumbi, ukuba uphendule umbuzo apho ukubeka kwisiphekepheke: kwicala emva kwenyanga, okanye inxalenye ebonakalayo kuyo.

iimpawu

Emva kokuba uphando olubanzi inxalenye ofihlakeleyo imigqaliselo yesatellite kwacaca ukuba kumphezulu wayo ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwisiqingatha ebonakalayo. namabala amnyama, njalo ahombise ubuso zokukhanyisa ebusuku - nto imenza rhoqo, nto leyo yahluke ukusuka inyanga ebonakalayo Umhlaba. Icala, ke, uye phantse akukho izinto ezinjalo (ngeenkwenkwezi zibizwa ngokuba iilwandle). Kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela ulwandle - Sea Moscow kunye uLwandle Dreams, ububanzi of 275 no 218 leekhilomitha ngokulandelelana. Elinezinto ezininzi Uphawu becala reverse - yimingxuma. Igcwele bonke phezu komhlaba inyanga, kodwa oku apho xi mkhulu kubo. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi yimingxuma ezinkulu nazo zibekwe kwicala umva.

Edreyi

Phakathi izinto onomtsalane isitya omkhulu umi ngaphandle kwicala elingasemva satellite emhlabeni wethu. Pool ubunzulu malunga 12 kunye ububanzi kweekhilomitha 2250 Ukwakheka inkulu kukho inkqubo elanga. Okuphawuleka kwakhona ubungakanani mlilo, i-HR kunye Queen. Ubukhulu be nama-600 km lokuqala kunye nobunzulu - 4 km. Korolev endaweni yayo iye yimingxuma ezincinane elinesine. ubungakanani zawo 12 ukuya 68 km ubukhulu. Kwirediyasi umngxuma Korolev yi 211,5 km.

Moon (icala kunye nenxalenye ebonakalayo), njengoko izazinzulu, ngumthombo kwezimbiwa njani ukuba ngokwenene luncedo kuluntu kwixesha elizayo. izifundo satellite ziye ke kudingeka. Luna - umviwa ngokwenene indawo zeenqwelwana komhlaba, yenzululwazi kunye nezoshishino. Ukongeza, ngenxa kufutshane wayesisalamane satellite oko ithagethi ofanelekileyo wophuhliso lwezakhono lamaphulo alawulwayo technologies nokuvavanya kunye neenkqubo zobunjineli, enzelwe ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni.