Models Ukulinganisa. Izigaba zophuhliso imifuziselo Ukulinganisa

technology Ukulinganisa isekelwe phezu ulwakhiwo yemizekelo eyahlukileyo iinkqubo yokwenene ukukhawulelana nemeko ngobuchule kwimeko elinikiweyo. Imifuziselo Ukulinganisa kuqulunqwa ezizifezekisayo iimfuno mzuzu, umsebenzi apho umfundi egxile kwisifundo. iinkqubo ezikhoyo exelisa kunye oosinga-umdlalo modelling ihamba idlala iinkqubo ngendlela eyaneleyo ukuthatha indawo ngokwenyani. Ngoko ke, uqeqesho yenza kube lula ukwenza amava yokwenene yobungcali, phezu kwazo imisebenzi kumahlelo-professional.

indima

Xa inkqubo yokufunda ibandakanya iinkqubo yokudlala ezifundisa imifuziselo Ukulinganisa wambu ngengubo, kuba yindlela elungiselelwe kunye nokusasazwa iindima: abafundi banxibelelane nabanye kunye notitshala, simulating umsebenzi umsebenzi. Ngoko ke, ubuchwepheshe Ukulinganisa yahlulwe kubini - yokudlala and non-ezemidlalo kunye kunceda nokumisela uhlobo uhlahlelo olucetywayo le meko. Kuba oku kuyimfuneko ukucacisa inkqubo iimeko zangaphandle akhuthaza ukuqalisa amanyathelo asebenzayo. Oko kukuthi, zonke iingxaki, izibakala ezinxulumene ngezenzeko eziziimpawu le meko, models Ukulinganisa kufuneka kuhlale.

iziganeko ezithile okanye ixesha elithile lombutho kufuna ukuba intloko imimiselo ezaneleyo, izigqibo kunye nezenzo. Iindlela uhlalutyo isifundo kwiimeko ezithile - isifundo eneenkcukacha in-nobunzulu meko, okanye esidalwe ngumntu, ebonisa iimpawu isici. Oku kunegalelo kuphuhliso yokucinga yohlalutyo kwabafundi zikhangela indlela yenkqubo ekusombululeni ingxaki, ukuchonga iindlela kwizigqibo eziphosakeleyo, uhlalutyo kweekhrayitheriya izisombululo kangangoko. Ekubeni waqalisa ishishini oqeqeshiweyo kwezoshishino, izigqibo zenziwe ngokudibeneyo, ukusombulula iingxabano.

isimo

imeko ezahlukeneyo ngeentlobo ezine: kuqala, le meko uthathwa ingxaki, apho abaqeqeshwa ukufumana oonobangela, libonelele kwaye ukusombulula ingxaki, ngoko ke meko kufuneka ukuba ivandlakanywe kwi izigqibo ezithathiweyo. Emva koko, le meko phantsi ulwakhiwo, ibonisa umzekelo zonke izihloko ephakanyiswe kule khosi, kunye rhoqo kuthathwe iingxaki nje Solved ikwagqibezela umxholo meko, i-msebenzi apho ukulinganisa isigqibo imisebenzi unchallenging yi indlela Isifaniso - iimeko yokufunda ebizwa ngokuba yi-.

iintlobo ezithile iimeko ezahlukeneyo: kuba Classic, kunye nemeko zokuphila, isiganeko, imeko ekuhlalutyeni imbalelwano zoshishino, ngokunjalo nezenzo phantsi myalelo. Ukheto kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, injongo yesi sifundo, inqanaba uqeqesho, ubukho iindlela zobugcisa kunye nezinto imifanekiso - konke oko kuxhomekeke isimbo utitshala ngamnye, umsebenzi wakhe ayiphelelanga ummiselo engqongqo akukho ukukhetha iintlobo okanye iindlela zohlalutyo. Nanga amanyathelo kuqala ukuze uphuhliso imifuziselo Ukulinganisa.

beemvavanyo zepraktikhali

Xa kusenziwa oku, kungcono eziqulethwe ingcamango ndlela kwazo, kuba iquka ebambekayo ngokwenene-ubomi iimeko: imbali kwimeko equka imodeli yokulinganisa, umzekelo inkcazo iziganeko zenzeka, okanye mhlawumbi, nakanjani ukusombulula iingxaki zemveliso. Umngeni kukuchonga ukuhlalutya ezi iimpazamo kwisicelo ngezimvo kunye concepts kwekhosi.

uqeqesho lwengcali ye isicwangciso esengqiqweni ngempumelelo kuthelekiswa nemveliso imiba ethile eyayiqwalaselwe isondlo. Orientation yokufunda lobume kukuba izakhono nolwazi bafundiswa kungekhona into kodwa njengendlela ukusombulula zonke iintlobo iingxaki ezivelayo umsebenzi ingcali. iimeko Ukufunda zisekelwe iziqwenga kwimveliso yobungcali nabo bonke kubudlelwane nabanye abantu, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo lweshishini. Abaqeqeshwa bafumana beesekethe kunye nemeko yomsebenzi wabo elizayo zasemsebenzini.

iimeko ukukhetha

Le yenye yezona zinto zinzima zokufundisa. imeko yokufunda engumzekelo idibana ngokubanzi ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

1. I-script isekelwe phezu izinto nokuba ezithatyathwe ebomini. Oku akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ukuba angenise Isiqwenga imveliso kunye iinkcukacha ezininzi kunye neenkcukacha nawobuchwepheshe Iya kumphazamisa umfundi ovela ekusombululeni ingxaki enkulu. Production kwiintetho kulo mzekelo, kakhulu, awungeni ndawo.
2. imeko yokufunda akufuneki ukuba ibe iingongoma ngaphezu ezintlanu okanye ezisixhenxe ukuba abafundi izimvo malunga nokusetyenziswa amagama ngokuhambelana ukufunda le mbono. Imodeli yokulinganisa, umzekelo apho trudnorazreshim ngenkankulu ukufundisa abafundi ngokukhawuleza.
3. Kodwa imeko yokufunda kufuneka ibe simahla yaye bakudala: ukongeza ukuya emihlanu ukuya esixhenxe abafunda njengangoku le ngxaki kufuneka abe khona iinyanda ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwisicatshulwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, le ngxaki akubekwe ngaphandle kubomi ezishelfini ngamnye lokusombulula engatshintshiyo. Iingxaki emsebenzini, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ezingavumelaniyo zentlalo okanye ngokwasengqondweni. Kubaluleke ngokukodwa ekufundiseni ukusetyenziswa iingcamango kwekhosi.

Okubhaliweyo imeko yokufunda

Umzekelo, Irina ivanova - manager ukuthengiswa inkampani "Lotus Flower", specialising in iimveliso yococeko, zokuthambisa kunye iziqholo. Waya kule ndawo ngenxa yokwanda isiqingatha kunyaka odlulileyo. A incoko umphathi jikelele kwiziphumo yomsebenzi wayo luya kuqhubeka iintsuku ezilishumi.

Ngaphambi koko, kwiminyaka emibini Irina iphumelele icandelo elahlukileyo le nkampani, nithi, ukuthengisa iimveliso yococeko, yaye ithandwa kakhulu. Wayemhlonela, kwaba ithandwa phakathi abarhwebi wazuza abathengi abaninzi abanyanisekileyo.

uphuhliso le meko

ngayo ukwandisa, Kakade ke, kwandivuyisa waza waqalisa ukusebenza ngothakazelelo esikhundleni sakhe esitsha. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ngasizathu sithile, kwakunye ukuya. Akazange abe nexesha ukusebenza kwi-ofisi, ngenxa yokuba ixesha elininzi waba gumbi kwaye ukubukela izenzo nabathengisi. Nkqu kwafuneka ukuba bagoduka nomsebenzi. Kwaye kunjalo akazange abe ixesha: ukucela abasemagunyeni ukulungiselela ingcamango iye yaphunyezwa ngomhla wokugqibela lo mboniso kunye nokuthengisa, kuba ngaphambili nto umdla uku bana phandle sokuyila - hayi elula ngolo hlobo. oloba onesifo ayikwazanga iphinda iphepha kunye nezimvo Irina. Ngenxa yoko, ngomhla ekujoliswe kunathi Irina Target. Apha kule ndawo ngaphezu nantoni na ukunceda uqeqesho midlalo.

Emva koko konke okuhambe ngokungalunganga. Ngokuthatha ixesha lokuthetha umxhasi rhoqo, Irina zange ndicinge ngako, xa umlingane wakhe ngokunzulu bafumana isatifikethi, nokuba kade msitho. Ke izihlandlo eziliqela abangaphantsi kwakhe ukushiya emsebenzini, ngaphandle emxelela naye. Human Resources ISebe liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wamkhumbuza yakhe imfuneko yokuba benze iiprogram zoqeqesho ekusetyenzisweni izithambiso zonyango, kodwa uqhagamshelane kunye notitshala we-Institute Medical, Irina akazange aphumelele. Yena salespeople nakakhulu Usoloko ufika emva kwexesha ukuze angenise kwisikhundla esiphezulu. Kanti ke, Irina akuyi walungisa ingxelo yekota kunye uluhlu eliqikelelweyo. Kwaye singayenziyo uphendule iileta ezininzi iinkonzo abafuna ukufumana iimpahla ngeposi. Kwaye njengoko netyuw 'emngqushweni - nenqala kutshanje kunye nomnye ngaphambili wayehlonelwa gqitha abathengisi zakhe malunga tags ixabiso. Kubonakala lula kakhulu ukuba ube ngumphathi ofanelekileyo.

Uhlalutyo le meko

Ukulinganisa Model - isikakhulu ukufunda le meko. Apha, umfanekiso zilandelayo izinto ezintandathu sub-izinto.

1. Umsebenzi omtsha itshintshe. Yintoni Imiqobo zabo nokukhuthaza amandla?
2. Phambi kokuba utshintsho - ubukho ukuzithemba kunye nolwazi balo matshinana ukuthengisa.
3. Motivation kwi umnqweno kuphumelela, kodwa ukugcina ikhono intengiso - ukungavisisani indima.
4. indlela Management - a ukungakwazi epheleleyo ukuhlawula inxalenye igunya owayamileyo. Uxabana abangaphantsi akunakuphepheka.
5. Indima entsha ayikhange licacise nkcukacha ze sikhundla, ubungakanani umthwalo, akazange ukusombulula ingxaki elula iphinda, sinayo wocwangciso nothantamiso, ukuvumela abangaphantsi absenteeism waphula isicwangciso soqeqesho woyiswa ukuhlela indlela ixesha labo kunye eziphambili, ukulahlekelwa nobuchule - iingcamango ezintsha akukho .
6. ulawulo Style olusezandleni zikarhulumente: ivumela ungquzulwano nkqo buphazamisana kwimicimbi abangaphantsi, ndingazithembanga, yena ubaleka ngaphandle koncedo zolawulo.

Ukukhomba iingxaki

Ubume bale imifuziselo Ukulinganisa kufuna inyathelo yesibini ukuqaphela iingxaki asakhulayo ukuze izisombululo zabo ukungaguquguquki. Apha kufuneka ulandele izinto ezifanayo, ecinga uhlalutyo Umthuthi, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko ukusuka kwelinye icala.

1. Utshintsho: Ngaba iindlela apho ukutshintsha ulawulo nendlela, ukunciphisa njani kwinkcaso iinguqu ezenzeka.
2. izimbo Ubunkokheli: Kwakutheni ukuze ukhethe isimbo Irene aziphumelelanga, yaye uya kumela ngcono ayinike up.
3. Motivation: Utsho imfundiso yolawulo ekukhuthazeni Irene kunye nabathengisi.
4. Ingakumbi iinjongo zomsebenzi: Irina eyaziwa ukuba zonke iinkcukacha malunga umsebenzi omtsha, yintoni injongo, nendlela oko bekuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba zokufikelela kuzo.
5. Ucwangciso kunye nolawulo: ucwangciso Ingaba Irina izenzo zayo njengomphathi, ukuba zazilawulwa na.
6. Ingxabano: Yintoni ithuba kunye ingxaki ungquzulwano yenzekile nendlela kwenzeka ukujongana nto.

iinyanda ezinezihloko

Ukusebenzisa imifanekiso Ukulinganisa kunceda ukwakha imeko ukususela imvelaphi (intsingiselo), ebonisa iintshukumisa ekuqaleni kwayo, phambi kokuba utshintsho kumgangatho entsha. Oko kuya kuba kuxhomekeke indlela kukhuthazwa uhlalutyo kunye nezigqibo. Nam meko ayikho ngaphandle yokuhlanganisa njalo. Amaninzi midlalo zande hhayi kuzo zonke iinkalo, kodwa ke ezininzi zezi ezintambo kufuneka nakanjani abekho kulo mdlalo. Apha ke ngolu hlobo.

1. Irina akazange abone umahluko kumphathi kunye umthengisi.
2. Irina ke angaxhotyiswanga kakuhle ngobuchule ukuzalisekisa kwindawo entsha.
3. Irina akanawo ulwazi esisiseko yolawulo.

Ukuphuhlisa mibala ezibophelelayo

Yintoni enakho noko kuyimfuneko ukwenza ngokuphathelele iqhina?

1. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudlulisa ulwazi. Irina abaphathi kufuneka phambi iimfuno zakhe ezithile ngenxa yomsebenzi emva kokuba baqeshwe. Irina kufuneka abeke abangaphantsi ukuthandwa kuthelekiswa kwisimbo yayo ulawulo emsebenzini.
2. Okwesibini, uqeqesho ukuze Irina iziseko zolawulo, abangaphantsi zayo - iindlela zeentengiso, yaye, ke, Irina aliliso kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngokunxulumene intsebenziswano nabanye abantu.
3. Okwesithathu, kufuneka isicwangciso ngokucacileyo imisebenzi ezisebenzayo njengomphathi, Irina kunye nomsebenzi kwisebe lonke liphela.
4. Okwesine, kufuneka kubekho ulawulo olululo abasebenzi: Irina kufuneka uncedo ekumiseleni iinjongo eziphambili njengoko umzuzwana mzuzu, kwaye ixesha elide, oko kukuthi, isebe lwezabasebenzi, iyavakala ukucwangcisa uphuhliso lwabasebenzi, apho nkampani leyo unomdla.

Esi sihloko yonke elidityaniswe ngqo kuphela kunye nokudlulisela ulwazi.

Izindululo ukuba umsebenzi nkampani

Xa umdlalo uza ibakala UPawulos kunye nezigqibo, kucacile ukuba imifuziselo Ukulinganisa kwaye nendlela ziluncedo. Iziphelo zichanile kakhulu kwaye ezithile phantse yonke, ngokuba isimo zezikhali nezona nkcukacha zincinane.

• Okokuqala, umphathi kufuneka bavumelane nkcukacha zokusebenza kunye nabasemagunyeni kunye ukugqithisa iziphumo abangaphantsi.
• Okwesibini, zonke izinto eziphambili kunye neenjongo kufuneka icace kumphathi kunye nabanye abasebenzi nabo wacacisa.

Irina kufuneka ufunde iindlela zolawulo kulawulo ngexesha lakho, ulawulo kunye nocwangciso, ekulawuleni abantu kunye naluphi na ungquzulwano lokuhamba ulwazi olutsha kwiqela kunye nophuhliso yayo.

Irina kufuneka ukwazi ngokweenkcukacha kwisebe abasebenzi ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho, kwakunye noqeqesho elichubekileyo labasebenzi, ukuya kufikelela kunokwenzeka kusebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Kuya kufuneka ukuphucula izakhono zabo ngokwazo, yaye kwixesha elizayo ukuya isifundo. Ezi zikhokelo azingekhe ugxothe umntu ezingalungiselelwanga, ngoko umele ngokukhawuleza kubagungxula yangamacandelo amathathu: ukuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza kweengcebiso avareji oqolileyo, indawo yokugqibela - ngokucacileyo ixesha elide. Irina kwaye umphathi wakhe yenza ingqiqo ukuze nixoxe ngezizathu ukuba ukusilela ukwenza yonke into ukuba zenzeke.

Zezikhali, ngaloo ndlela ngokuzenzela wakha meko, umfundi ngamnye uya kuqonda ukuba le midlalo.

Umzekelo kophuhliso loqoqosho

uphuhliso lwezentlalo noqoqosho yahlukile kwezinye midlalo. Oku kufuneka kwigama elihlukileyo ukwazi kanye umda omnye okanye enye imeko zokwakha ngumntu. Imifuziselo Ukulinganisa Dynamic zenzelwe yokuqikelela umsebenzi iinkqubo zoqoqosho. Isihloko igxininisa ukuba isithethi esi phawu lubalulekileyo izakhiwo ezinjalo, kwaye zisekelwe phezu kwemimiselo inkqubo okuhambisa amanga.

Amanqanaba yokwakha ngokulandelelana kulandelayo: yesiphaluka yokuqala wakha ayalelayo kwengqondo, ngoko kwedatha yeenkcukacha-manani ukhethiwe, kwaye ekhankanyiweyo scheme. Inyathelo elilandelayo - bakha imodeli zemathematika, nto leyo ichaza uxhulumaniso kwengqondo, ngoko IDM ibandla liphela. Oku kwenzeka lwenye kunye ekungqinweni imodeli, yaye ekugqibeleni benza izibalo multivariate, kuquka zokujonga phambili.

script indlela

Uhlalutyo Imeko, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umfuziselo Ukulinganisa yovavanyo bungozi yeprojekthi ethile, kufuneka ukubala ingozi endleleni ukusekwa projekthi kunye neendlela libeyise. Iingozi ukuba utyalo-mali, ungaboniswa unxaxho imali thelekela uyilo, ngokwahlukileyo koko bekulindelekile, kwaye ukutenxa mkhulu, mkhulu umngcipheko inyuswe. iprojekthi nganye kubonisa uluhlu lweziphumo projekthi, ngoko lubanike uvavanyo probabilistic nga nokuphuma kwemali eqikelelwa, kuthathelwa ingqalelo uvavanyo ingcali ngenxa amathuba okuvelisa zonke ezi kwemali, okanye ixabiso ezinxaxhileyo onke amacandelo esihlambo ukusuka amaxabiso yokulinda.

indlela script ulungile ukuba kusenziwa ngokweemvavanyo ingcali kunokuba ukwakha uphuhliso ubuncinane ezithathu kunokwenzeka le meko: themba, uninzi olusengqiqweni (mhlawumbi) kunye nethemba. imifuziselo Ukulinganisa - a imifuniselo computer. Ngokungafaniyo eneneni kukho enye kuphela - yenza isenzo ayikho le nkqubo ngokwawo, kunye nendlela yayo. Imifuziselo Ukulinganisa lweenkqubo bophula xa beqhuba imifuniselo kanye ubuncinane ongenabulumko, ngelixa ubuninzi - eninzi kwaye kuyingozi. Ukulinganisa - indlela ukufunda iinkqubo ngaphandle ingozi encinane. Kwenzeke, umzekelo, ngaphandle midlalo ukuvavanya umngcipheko iiprojekthi zotyalo-mali, nto leyo zisetyenziswa phambili kuphela data kwiindleko, imiqulu intengiso, amaxabiso kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalisa imingcipheko.

Uhlalutyo lwezimali

Imifuziselo kusetyenziswa ukujongana nemingeni ejongene uhlalutyo zemali, ziqulathe variables ejikelezayo ayikwazi ukuba ulawulo iqela abenza izigqibo. Le modeli stochastic Ukulinganisa. Mbumbulu ivumela baphethe iziphumo kunokwenzeka, ezisetyenziswa ukwabiwa isiseko amathuba variables random. Kwakhona, stochastic Ukulinganisa udla ngokubizwa ngokuba yindlela Monte Carlo.

Ngokokwemingcipheko ebezisenziwa iiprojekthi zotyalo-mali? Uthotho imifuniselo ezininzi empirically ukuhlola iqondo eziphembelela imiba eyahlukeneyo (oko kukuthi, ixabiso lokuqala) kwiziphumo baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubo. Ukufeza Ukulinganisa experiment idla yahlulwe zigaba ezithile.

Icwangcisa ubudlelwane phakathi amanani lokuqala nelokugqibela ngohlobo i'quadratic yemathematika okanye ukungalingani linyathelo lokuqala endleleni yamava. Emva koko kufuneka ukhankanye umatshini imithetho eletha baphicothwa yesitshixo parameters. Ngaphezu koko yaqhuba Ukulinganisa yekhompyutha yawo amaxabiso parameters eziphambili yemodeli, iimpawu uluhlu lwezinikezelo zizalathisi abaliweyo of igalelo kunye neziphumo. Ekugqibeleni, wenza kucazululo lweziphumo, leyo wayinika khompyutha, yaye benze izigqibo.