Material Montessori umnikazi izandla. izinto Montessori

UMaria Montessori usungule umba kootitshala kunye iisayikholojisti walungisa indawo apho uphuhliso umntwana ngenxa intsebenziswano bayo izinto ezahlukeneyo, esinenjongo - ukuphucula ezithile imisebenzi kwengqondo usana. Abadala kule nkqubo lisebenza umncedisi kwaye inika izixhobo zokufundisa turnover engqongwe imvuthuluka. Umntwana isigqibo into aya kwaye ukhethe isifundo ngalo mzuzu.

Njengesiqhelo abadinga amaziko amatsha ezintsha, kwaye iindleko iithoyi zokufundisa esele zenziwe liphezulu kakhulu, ootitshala abaninzi abazali bakhetha ukwenza izinto Montessori kunye izandla zenu, ukusebenzisa yonke into esendlwini; ngelaphu, amaqhosha, okuziinkozo, ikhadibhodi, etc ...

Ukuba amandla yonke mama?

Imfuneko esingundoqo ngalinye izinto usemthethweni weZiko yokudlala elizayo - ukuba imvelaphi yendalo yakhe, ubunyulu kunye nokhuseleko kubantwana abancinane.

Indlela yokwenza izinto Montessori ngezandla zabo? Ingxoxo izinto ezithile omdala lokuqamba ukuba uyakwazi ukwenza eyakho, yakhokelela ekwenzeni uluhlu lwe iithoyi zokufundisa ezingabizi kakhulu, ilula yaye iluncedo. Ngoko ke, apha phezulu-7.

Frame-ethwala

Isakhelo-ethwala - i Montessori izinto edume yayisetyenziselwa. Izandla zabo ziye zenziwe emiba. Isakhelo-ethwala ezijongene nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo - ngoncedo lwabo umntwana ngexesha elifanayo uhlola imibala, iimilo, ubukhulu, kwaye afunde ukunxulumana nabo. Ukuveliswa yokudlala enjalo iqala ngokusika iphepha elikhulu kwikhadibhodi okanye iibhokisi ngaphezulu yezihlangu elisebenzileyo ngokwezikweri alinganayo. Ke kubo cola iphepha elinemibala kunye zokubhala imela wonqanyulwa ngenyameko embindini mzobo: izangqa, izikwere, oonxantathu, trapezoids, rhombuses, njl ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo ...

Okulandelayo, ngendlela efanayo kunye ifaka ezenziwe umbala owahlukileyo, nto leyo ibekwa embindini qhosha okanye esinye isixhobo ukuze zifake iminwe zabantwana. Kungqameko izinto ikhadibhodi ziye azabi kunye sandpaper ecikizekileyo, kangokuba lula ngakumbi lokufakwa omnye komnye.

Geometric

Geometric - Yinto emangalisayo, umdlalo ngayo umntwana ukulungele ukuchitha ngaphezulu kweyure enye. Kwimeko yokuqala, oko wenziwa iibhodi nezikhonkwane. Ngokudala ezinjalo izinto Montessori izandla zakho, endaweni iinkuni Chopyk Ungasebenzisa ukuzoba izikhonkwane kunye iintloko imibala eyahlukileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba abagxothe kwibhodi usebenzisa isando zezenzululwazi oselula akakwazanga ukufumana incam ukusuka kwisiseko. Ngomhla yinxalenye ebanzi amaqhosha zeplastiki baby unamathela kwentsini (ayadibana, ziyilelwe eqwalasele nowuthsi abasebenzi ebhankini , kunye umbala owahlukileyo), iintambo ezenza, iimilo, yaye yonke loo mfanekiso.

touch pad

Ilaphu mat ibe fun itakane ozithandayo, kuba oko kuhle ukuba bahlale, ulale phantsi, ukuba amalungiselelo iithoyi, kodwa iqulethe eninzi izimanga. Le mifanekiso yayisetyenziselwa ekufanisweni nokuphunyezwa methodology of Montessori zingenziwa ukusukela phantse nantoni ngokwenene. Ekuphela kwento ikunqamla - akho engqondo. Le ubungakanani, umbala, imizobo, iinkalo zemfundo amaqhosha ezinjalo, iiziphu, neefolokhwe, abanini kunokuba engenasizathu ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthunga le ityali uya kulungele bonke, noko ngubo elinde amaxesha ezingcono: kwilaphu, iimpahla ezindala, ifenitshala njalo njalo ..

Eyona nto iphambili ukuba iinkcukacha baba texture ezahlukeneyo: Zinokuxutywa izinto zenziwa bomqhaphu noboya, anencasa rough, athungwe kwaye ababezenzile. Phantsi isicelo, ungakwazi ukufihla ingxowa lenzwinini seplastiki, a noisemaker, kangangesandla ukutya okanye amaso.

umbala mshini

Mshini ngenjongo ukufunda imibala bakhonza naziphi na izinto - evela iikomityi zomthi, iibhokisi yeplastiki ngayo umbala ethile kwizangqa okanye amanani ezenziwe ikhadibhodi. Isixhobo zokukhetha le nto kulula ukuyenza clothespins. Babe zeplastiki, umbala othile, kunye neenkuni neelebhile iphepha. Izitikha kwi icebo lakho umbala kufuneka liphindwe sibalo (capacity).

Umntwana ngexesha elifanayo esiqeqesha umbono, umsebenzi kwengqondo, kunye nezakhono motor entle ngokufumana indawo ngamnye unelungelo clothespin. Le yenye ityala apho izinto Montessori ngezandla zakhe okanye akukho ndlela nganto ethengiwe.

ibhodi Lacing

Ngaphandle nje kwegama layo, ibhodi lacing - oku akuthethi kweenkuni. Ukuba awukwazi uwugawule ngaphandle umzobo ngamaplanga, ukuba kufanelekile yaye iinkcukacha emiba. Kuba iyahlala kungcono ukucola phezu film. Xa preform a knockouts isixhobo esibukhali, apho umntwana uza kukwazi ukuba olule intambo ngokulula.

IBhodi unayo nayiphi na imilo - ukusuka kufutshane ubunyani (umz, izihlangu) ukuya nezitshixo iintsomi, izilwanyana okanye izithuthi. Imitya kungcono ukuthatha esele zenziwe, iziphelo zabo lula ukuba ngokufaka nasemingxunyeni.

inyoka

Touch inyoka okanye ezinqunquthayo - naye impahla Montessori. Izandla zabo ukwenza into yokudlala enjalo ingaba iiyure ezimbalwa. Konke ufuna - amaqhekeza amalaphu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto zokugcwalisa iibhola. okuziinkozo ezifanelekileyo (ingqolowa, iimbotyi, irayisi, iertyisi, njalo-njalo), Foam okanye nokuqhokra, iphepha ukushwabana okanye iplastiki ifilimu. Uyakwazi ukuba ezinye fillers touch umdla.

Le ndlela ilula - ukwenza iziqalelo inyoka yakudala, owaswelekelwa ipere yakhe iikawusi baby. Baye imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nemizobo, kunye nebandla yokudlala uya kukhangela umdla kakhulu.

Abo na, unako ukwenza amaso ukusuka amalaphu of noburhabaxa ezahlukeneyo, njengentloko ihombe emehlweni uze uncume.

iphiramidi soft

Iphiramidi iquka uboya okanye kwamagqabi babevakalelwa ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo. ukuba Bakha omnye nomnye esebenzisa Velcro.

Nangona elula ibonakale, kukwayinto entle yophuhliso izinto wokwenene Montessori. Izandla zakhe ukwenza iphiramidi kungaba lula nabani na umatshini wokuthunga.

zokudlala iqhinga Main ukuba kwamagqabi kufuneka eyahlukileyo imibala kumacala eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Umbala womdlalo kuphela idityaniswe nezinye iinkcukacha ngamnye. Sika izikwere, ukuthunga ndawonye niwuzalise lokufaka ethambileyo ayikho nzima. Tape-Velcro yahlulwe ngokwamacandelo, leyo ziyaxhonywa embindini iqhekeza ngalinye. ababetheki Ezantsi ukwenzela uzinzo sephiramidi nga kuzala into enzima, efana buckwheat okanye pearl irhasi.

Emva kokufunda ukuba ukwenza njani izixhobo Montessori ngezandla zabo ekhaya, abazali ukwandisa kakhulu uluhlu iithoyi zokufundisa usana lwakho. Kwaye nokuba ezinye zezi zokufunda nokufundisa umntwana nangoku ayisebenzise kakuhle, ukusebenzisa kubo, nangoku ufunda, ufunda iimpawu zezinto, ithelekisa ubunzima kunye nemvakalo, umbala, kunye nobukhulu, kwaye kudala intloko isiseko ukuqhuba izifundo.

msebenzi abadala kule nkqubo - ukuba i "okusingqongileyo uzilungiselele" kakhulu, nto leyo ithetha yingqokelela eya kuya ikhula rhoqo Montessori iinzuzo, landela obonelela abaphandi abatsha kunye ukunika ixesha ukuqonda kwiimvuthuluka nxibelelwano ubhalo ukuba sele zibonakala Kungokwemvelo kuthi. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuzimela eliphezulu lwabantwana ngokukhetha ephambili yengqesho, umxholo kunye nendlela yokunxibelelana naye. Abazali kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba indlela enjalo ekufundeni ekuqaleni yeyona ebhadlileyo kakhulu nezendalo. Ukongeza, isimo sengqondo esinjalo eziphezulu kwakha ukholo umntwana ngokwakhe, yaye oku kube nefuthe elihle yonke yobomi bakhe kamva.