Main Caucasus Range: inkcazelo, parameters phezulu

Okumangalisayo ubume ezintle intaba kunokubonwa kula ngobuhle emangalisayo kunye ezizodwa kwiindawo zawo. Le ntaba onomtsalane - a Greater Caucasus Range. Le indawo ke mde kwaye esikhulu ubude bayo Caucasus Iintaba.

Small Caucasus neentlambo (Rion Kura-depression) zenza eCaucasus ezintsonkothileyo.

ICaucasus-: incazelo jikelele

Caucasus ephakathi koLwandle lweCaspian kunye Black kumzantsi-ntshona Asia.

Lo mmandla uquka kwiintaba Greater kunye Njengomncinane Caucasus, kwakunye umngxuma phakathi kwabo, ebizwa ngokuba Rioni-Kura ukudakumba, emdeni kuLwandle Olumnyama noLwandle lweCaspian, intaba aseStavropol, inxalenye encinane i lweCaspian zokudakumba (Dagestan) nethafa i Kuban-Azov ukuya elunxwemeni ekhohlo komlambo Don on icandelo emlonyeni wayo.

Greater Caucasus ziintaba iikhilomitha protyazhennost1500, kwaye kwincopho iphezulu Elbrus. Length Horizontal Small abaseAfrika 750 km.

Nje ngezantsi sihlolisise The Ridge abaseAfrika.

indawo okuyo

Kwi kwinxalenye esentshona eCaucasus, erhangqwe kuLwandle Olumnyama Sea Azov esempuma - i lweCaspian. Emantla, nangabo kumathafa eMpuma Yurophu, apho umda phakathi kwayo kunye ne-esezantsi zaseCaucasus ilandela umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu. Le yokugqibela kwenzeka phezu komlambo. Kuma, emazantsi Kuma-Manych ukudakumba, imilambo Manych and East Manych, uze emva koko phezu kodonga lasekhohlo Don.

Umda ongezantsi eCaucasus - Araks komlambo, apho kukho Armenian kwaye Iranian yehewu, kunye p. Chorokh. Kwaye phezu komlambo kukho iintaba usingasiqithi nakwiPontine of Malaya Aziya.

Caucasus Range: Inkcazo

Abantu abaninzi nesibindi abaye bakhetha elide neCaucasus entabeni umqolo, ezitsala kubahloli ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi.

The Ridge engundoqo abaseAfrika ihlukane amalungu ama-2 Caucasus liphela: South Caucasus kunye northern neAsia. Le zokhahlamba lususela kuLwandle Black ukuya kunxweme lweCaspian.

ubude ephakeme abaseAfrika ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-1,200.

Le sayithi, ibekwe ebekelwe bucala, ke iintaba eliphezulu eCaucasus Koloni. Ngaphezu koko, lo height ezahlukahlukeneyo. Mark iyahluka ukusuka 260 ukuya kutsho ngaphezulu kwe-3360 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

intlanganisela Great zemozulu ukukhanya wobulali ubuhle mihle ndiyenze indawo efanelekileyo ukuze kubakhenkethi esebenzayo ukuya kuphumla nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni.

Main abaseAfrika Ridge kummandla Sochi yeyona ntaba inkulu: Fischt, Hukou, Bald, Crown, Grachev, Pseashkho, Chugush Malaya Chura kunye Assar.

Ukwakhiwa ephakeme rocks: lekalika kunye Marl. Ngaphambili, kwakukho emgangathweni wolwandle. Kuyo yonke le uluhlu elikhulu nga bagcine libinzana elinamandla yokusonga kunye zomkhenkce ezininzi, imilambo yawo kunye namachibi intaba.

Nokuphakama eCaucasus ntaba uluhlu

Iincopho eCaucasus ntaba uluhlu baninzi yaye ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuphakama.

Elbrus - ephakeme kunazo zaseCaucasus ntaba uluhlu, nto leyo ephakeme kunazo kungekuphela eRashiya kodwa eYurophu. Indawo Intaba kukuba ngeenxa zonke iintlobo ephilileyo beentlanga, leyo wayinika igama layo akhethekileyo: Oshhomaho, Alberis, Yalbuz kunye Mingitau.

Le ntaba inkulu eCaucasus ibekwe yesihlanu ehlabathini phakathi iintaba kwasekwa ngale ndlela (ngenxa ukujaduka mlilo).

Ukuphakama phezulu bakaRafa Russian ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezintlanu, babengamakhulu omathandathu, anamanci mane anababini eemitha.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi incopho eliphezulu eCaucasus

Ubude inkulu zaseCaucasus ntaba lomqolo - i intaba ephakamileyo Russia. Kubonakala ngathi cone ezimbini, phakathi apho (a umgama km 3 ngaphandle) kwi ukuphakama kuyimitha 5200 ibekwe undim. Iyeyona iphezulu kubo, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, ukuphakama neemitha 5642, ngaphantsi - 5621m.

Njengabo bonke eziphezulu ukuba imvelaphi mlilo, Elbrus iqulathe amalungu ama-2: useko imitha-700 iliwa kunye ikhowuni isambuku (mitha 1942) - kuqhuma.

Top ligutyungelwe likhephu ukusuka kubude malunga 3500 eemitha. Ukongeza, kukho ezihambayo, elaziwa ezo ezincinane ezinkulu Azau kunye Terskop.

Lobushushu kwindawo liphakamileyo Elbrus -14 ° C. Umbilo iwela apha phantse lonke ngohlobo kwekhephu kwaye ngoko ezihambayo musa zinyibilike. Ngokuphathelele encopho ukubonakala ezilungileyo Elbrus ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezikude yaye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo konyaka, le ntaba usenalo igama umdla - Little Antarctica.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba okwesihlandlo sokuqala kwincopho wasempuma yoyiswa climbers ngo-1829, kwaye nasentshonalanga - ngo-1874.

Umkhenkce eziphezu, wondla emilanjeni inkulu kule ndawo - i Terek kunye Kuban.

I-Central ICaucasus-: zibe parameters

Indawo, i Central Caucasus iyinxenye Greater Caucasus, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi iintaba Elbrus kunye Kazbek (entshona nasempuma). Kulo mmandla ubude kummango engundoqo abaseAfrika ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezili-190, yaye gyrus beqwalasela malunga 260 km.

umda karhulumente Russian udlula kummandla Central neAsia. Ngasemva kulo South Ossetia kunye Georgia.

22 km kwintshona Kazbek (inxalenye esempuma Central Caucasus) umda Russian ishenxiselwe kancinane ukuya emantla wayengabalibali Kazbek, ezigudle owned intlambo Georgian le Terek River (inxalenye ephezulu).

E Central Caucasus abelwe 5 lwamawa parallel (ezijolise ecaleni lesibanzi)

1. Main abaseAfrika Ridge (ephakame ukuya ku 5203 m, Mount Shkhara).
2. Side ephakeme (ephakame ukuya kwiimitha 5642, iNtaba Elbrus).
3. Rocky Ridge (alt. Ukuya ku 3646 eemitha, intaba Karakaya).
4. Ridge Amadlelo (ukuya ku 1541 meters).
5. Emathafeni Ridge (ukuphakama 900 meters).

Abahambi ngeenyawo kunye climbers ikakhulu kutyelelwa vungu ezintathu zokuqala The Ridge.

North noMzantsi Caucasus

Greater Caucasus, njengeshishini geographical, ithatha imvelaphi yalo ukusuka Taman Peninsula, yaye ndayigqiba kummandla Absheron (Peninsula). Zonke izifundo ze-Russian Federation kunye namazwe ase- kule ndawo, yiya eCaucasus. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemiqathango indawo nemimandla izifundo of Russia kukho ukwahlulwa ethile ibe ngamaqela amabini:

• Northern Caucasus ibandakanya Krasnodar kunye aseStavropol, North Ossetia, ummandla Rostov, Chechnya Republic Adygea, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan kunye Karachayevo-Cherkessia.
• South Caucasus (Transcaucasia okanye) - eArmenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan.

Elbrus

Elbrus ezigxile - inkoliso esentshona Central neAsia. ummandla wayo iquka efikelela kuyo Baksan River, kunye nemingenela yawo, ilizwe entla kwentaba Elbrus kunye eentaba yentaba Elbrus ukuya kwiindonga lasekunene Kuban. Le ngqungquthela eliphezulu bommandla zijonge ngasentla kwaye ibekwe xitsunga icala yayingeyiyo iNtaba Elbrus. Kwincopho lesibini eliphezulu yi Mount Ushba (4700 m).

indawo Elbrus idume inani elikhulu zincopho, kunye lwamawa aphakeme kunye neendonga enamatye.

Umkhenkce inkulu ziqwalaselwa ngendlela Elbrus entsonkothileyo omkhulu glacial, kukho 23 zomkhenkce (ummandla iyonke -. 122,6 ezikwere zeekhilomitha).

Indawo States eCaucasus

1. I-Russian Federation yinxalenye yommandla i-Greater Caucasus kunye esezantsi kwemithombo yamanzi kunye Main abaseAfrika Ridge ukuya emntla. 10% yenani lilonke labemi wayehlala North eCaucasus.
2. Kwakhona Abkhazia linendawo ukuba yinxalenye yommandla Greater Caucasus of Gagra ukuya Kodori kuyehla, unxweme Sea Black phakathi p. Psou no Inguri, kunye kumntla Inguri yinxalenye encinane i Colchis Nama.
3. South Ossetia ibekwe kwindawo engundoqo ye-Greater neAsia. Qalisa intsimi - i-Main abaseAfrika Ridge. Le ndawo inabela kwicala lasemzantsi kuyo, phakathi Rachinsky, Suram Lomisskim emikhulu, iintlambo de Kura.
4. EGeorgia owona mhlaba kunye unabemi kweli lizwe ezihlanjeni, nezihlambo phakathi kwiintaba zaseCaucasus Small nasentshonalanga elikhulu Kakheti Ridge. Le ndawo weentaba wama-lizwe - it icandelo ZaseSvaneti-Greater Caucasus phakathi nakummango kunye Kodori Surami. ICaucasus- intsimi Georgian Njengomncinane amele Meskheti, Trialeti Samsari emikhulu. Kubonakala ukuba wonke yaseGeorgia kuluhlu zaseCaucasus.
5. Azerbaijan ibekwe phakathi Balani Range ukuya emntla imilambo Kura kunye Araks emzantsi, naphakathi Njengomncinane Caucasus kunye Kakhetiya Ridge kunye noLwandle lweCaspian. Kwaye Azerbaijan phantse bonke (Mugan ithafa kunye Talysh Mountains lilungu kwihewu Iranian) ise eCaucasus.
6. Armenia yinxalenye yommandla lo Njengomncinane Caucasus (kwimpuma lomlambo Akhuryan, isebe Arax).
7. Turkey ithatha inxalenye kumzantsi-ntshona baloo Caucasus, abamele 4 amaphondo okwimpuma yeli lizwe: Ardahan, Kars, Erzurum kunye Artvin ngokuyinxenye.

ezintabeni Caucasus lihle kwaye iyingozi. Ngokutsho imibono ezinye izazi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwiminyaka elikhulu elandelayo mlilo (Mount Elbrus) unako kuvuka. Oku naxa ingumbandela ozaliswe ziziphumo kwintlekele ukuba iingingqi ezikufuphi (Cherkessia kunye Kabardino-Bolkariya).

Kodwa enoba lwalunjani, kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba akukho nto sihle ngaphezu kweentaba. Kunzima ukuchaza yonke indalo omangalisayo weli lizwe liyana weentaba. Ukuze onke la mava, kuyimfuneko ukuba kutyelela la emangalisayo ngobuhle bayo kwezasezulwini iindawo. Kubangel 'umdla iliso iincopho lubalaseleyo iintaba abaseAfrika.