Le udonga sinzulu ehlabathini: igama, inkcazelo, olunomdla

Canyon Spanish lithetha "gorge, umbhobho." Le ntlambo noko nzulu kunye amawa, kumathambeka kunye ezantsi elimxinwa. Njengoko umthetho, wokugqibela ahlala ngokupheleleyo somlambo. Le nto yendalo emangalisayo entle ukuba wadala kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo.

Ngaphambi sifumanisa oko ilizwe eli mwonyo zinzulu, uya kunika isishwankathelo ezintandathu sikhulu zibalaseleyo. Phakathi kwabo edume kakhulu unguye Grand Canyon, Colca kunye Blyde.

Le anamandla onomtsalane zehlabathi

Apha ngasezantsi luluhlu anamandla kunayo zehlabathi;

• Charyn Canyon (Kazakhstan) ibanga ngeekhilomitha 154 kunye esemlanjeni igama elifanayo. Kubhaliwe ibekwe 195 km empuma ukusuka Almaty, kufutshane nomda waseTshayina. Le ngeenkcukacha yale nto yendalo kukuba yalondolozwa iintlobo relict ash Sogdian. Kukho Ashera yonke asinda glaciation era.
• Waimea (USA), Hawaii - Grand Canyon, ibekwe ngasentshonalanga. EKauai. Kuye kwasekwa ngenxa yezantyalantyala zemvula kunye omkulu okwadala Waimea River, nto leyo ke amandla amanzi alo babehlamba Canyon phakathi entabeni Mount Waialeale. Kuzo zonke kwemiwonyo, ibekwe kummandla wePasifiki, Waimea - kwelikhulu. Rhoqo ubizwa ngokuba Canyon Grand efinyeziweyo.

• Colca Canyon (Peru) yi kuluhlu ezintabeni Andes. Kangangexesha elide, Colca Valley yenye yeendawo ezininzi babesilela Peru. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga nale ndawo intle inokufumaneka ngezantsi.
• Blyde River Canyon (Afrika, South Africa, Mpubalanga) kwabunjwa ngenxa yeenzame lomlambo enye, leyo kwizigidi zeminyaka ukuba atyhudise i yelitye lentlabathi gorge ebomvu. ubude balo-26 km, nobunzulu - malunga 1,400 eemitha. Ngoku ke eludongeni yokuphawulwa ngeinki le mwonyo zezi eweni sandy omkhulu enophahla etsobhileyo, ezifana ooronta yemveli elikhulu Afrika.

Abantu abaninzi bafuna ukubona kakhulu mwonyo inkulu ehlabathini. Uqwalaselo olubukhali kwemiwonyo eziphawuleka kakhulu.

USA eyingozi

Kweli lizwe kukho ezininzi umdla ngenxa yobuhle bayo kunye nobukhulu indalo endalo.

Okumangalisayo lihle Grand Canyon ekunene banikelwe le mwonyo zinzulu ehlabathini. Ukususela ngowe-1979 ifakwa kuluhlu UNESCO. Nyaka ngamnye, intlambo ityelelwa abantu abangaphezu 4 million.

Inyamakazi Canyon, a 'umdla yaye etsala kunye nokwahluka kwalo, nayo kwiphondo Arizona (USA). igama layo exotic Gorge wafumana ngenxa mibala umhlwa elibomvu beendonga, ngamandla sifunda imibala isikhumba sesilwanyana yakhe. Le peculiarity kule ndawo kukuba ifoto imibala mwonyo landscape abasoloko ne umfanekiso lokwenyaniso. Ngaphezu koko, iifoto unokukhangela intle kakhulu ngakumbi umfanekiso lokwenene. Kuphela imifanekiso uyakwazi ukubona ngezandi aluhlaza amathunzi ngongcwalazi, kunye, ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kubangelwe ezinye iimpawu lobuchopho bomntu.

Colca (i mwonyo zinzulu ehlabathini): Inkcazo

Le Canyon izihlandlo-2 ngaphezulu xa ubunzulu ngaphezu Grand Canyon (ngakumbi ngaye ngezantsi), kodwa ke kumathambeka ngaphantsi exandekeni.

River intlambo. Colca ixesha elide yaba yenye yengingqi underexplored ePeru. ezininzi ngayo iintsomi umdla malunga nale olulodwa. Yabizwa ngokuba uthando Valley of Wonders lomlilo, Lost Valley of the Inca. Namhlanje, le ndawo yaziwa njenge indawo olunzulu indawo Canyon ehlabathini - Colca. YeeFom enhle zendalo, kunye namathala ezinkulu lemvula zeentaba olukhulu zehlela kwemiqhele emlanjeni, obumangalisayo lequla ubuhle balo nokuthandana.

Le udonga sinzulu ehlabathini nzulu Grand Canyon izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-2. nobunzulu kwakhe mihle kweemitha 4160. Kukho omnye umahluko omkhulu ukusuka North Gorge - Wall Kolka kakuhle, ukuba imke yemfaneleko le ubungangamsha emangalisayo yendalo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abangenawo lo condor nzulu gorge ukuziqhenya yesizwe ngobuzwe babo, kubonakala bukhulu sizoku lwisana zeengxondorha udakumbile. Kungabi ithuba elinye lamagama zindala yentaba obufihlakeleyo izithuba enkulu - kwintsimi condor.

Le udonga inkulu: izibakala umdla kwimbali

Yintoni na le mwonyo likhulu ehlabathini? udonga Grand kuthathwa ukuba indalo endalo Colorado River (inxalenye esemntla iziko Arizona) eUnited States. Ubude balo - 446 km, ububanzi - 16 km, kwaye ubunzulu - 1600 eemitha. It esusela Canyon i-Grand Wash Cliffs ukuya Marble Gorge.

Kwafunyaniswa kuqala sesizwe Indians Anasazi ababehlala apha kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Malunga nama-20 eminyaka kwinkulungwane XVI apha aba conquistadors eSpeyini ukufuna ngegolide, kodwa ke imyekile icala ntlambo ezoyikekayo. Kuyabonakala ukuba, banikela igama le yokwakha zendalo. Iguqulwe ukusuka 'mwonyo "Spanish liguqulelwe ngokuba' itshimini '.

Garces wevangeli Spanish ngo-1776 wangena Canyon ngenjongo ukuba bazobe isizwe Havasupai kwamaNdiya kubuKristu. Thatha le nokholo, nangona efudumeleyo wamkelekile guest, abahlali basekuhlaleni Musa ukungxama, kwaye bakholelwa koothixo babo. Kodwa patera Garces yakwazi ukuhamba uphawu zabo apha: wamnika igama nomfula - Colorado (ukusuka ngeendlela Spanish "umbala").

Ukususela ngowe-1919, xa Canyon Grand ibhengeze ipaka yesizwe, le ndawo watyelelwa malunga ne-100 lezigidi. Tourists. Ngo-1979 kwaye uluhlu lwamaxabiso UNESCO World wangena mwonyo zinzulu ehlabathini.

Sulak udonga

Le gorge kakhulu amahle emangalisa kummandla Russia ngokufanelekileyo kuqwalaselwa mwonyo Sulak ebekwe kwi-siseko weRiphabhliki Dagestan. Kwaye ke dama, ezivele apha, le yindawo ethandwa kakhulu abaphandi kunye nabakhenkethi. Yeyona indalo wendalo - kukho ubungqina ongenakoyiswa ngobuhle bayo nobuhle.

Qala gorge lwakho apho p. Sulak e sandstones kunye limestones inqumla ezintabeni eyahlula Salatau ukusuka Gimrinsky Ridge. Ubude kulo mwonyo - km 53. isakhiwo obubalaseleyo yendalo ifuze Cola Gorge - le mwonyo zinzulu ehlabathini. E Dagestan Sulak mwonyo ubunzulu laliziimitha 1920, kwaye ubude balo obuphantsi kancinane kwi-US.

Daghestanian osemqoka udonga ukuba eneneni iquka imiwonyo 3 amaqhina oqhagamshelwano nokuxuba ezincinane Izandiso ezilandelelanayo. Le esingundoqo linobude-18 km kwaye Miatlinskaya Chirkeyskaya kunye anamandla ezincinane kancinci.

Omnye komwonyo zinzulu

yintoni na udonga zinzulu ehlabathini Siyazi. Kodwa kukho nenye indawo ehlabathini, wayecela isihloko enjalo.

Tibet uye Yarlung Tsangpo, inxalenye zinzulu yazo kweemitha 6009. Le liphezulu kwi malayas, ngomhla kwintsimi engcwele kwiNtaba Kailash. Kukho kwemali umlambo of North India, i Brahmaputra kunye nobunzulu avareji ka-4876 m. I Yarlung Tsangpo idla ngokuba mwonyo zinzulu ehlabathini.

kwimiwonyo encomekayo kunye nobude km 240. Ezi ndawo nje kuphela komhlaba enomtsalane entle, kodwa umlambo ludumile canoeists, ngubani wamnika ukuba iimeko kakhulu igama layo - ". Everest phakathi imilambo"

isiphelo

A iintlobo ezininzi zezinto anamandla ezintle adalwe ngayo indalo ngokwayo, eliqhele kulo lonke ihlabathi. Bonke bephela unique komhlaba ukuziqambela, imbali imvelaphi yayo. Ngamnye kubo iimpawu zayo ngobuhle ezibukekayo i obumangalisayo etsala imfihlakalo kunye ndijonge.