Le Punic izimpi

I Punic Wars neRoma amandla North-Afrika, isixeko yaseFenike Carthage bobukho eRoma, kwakunye ubukhulu kwi entshonalanga lweMeditera. Isivumelwano yokuqala urhwebo phakathi amaRoma kunye Carthaginians lwagqitywa ngo 509 BC Ngomhla ukwahlulwa kwinkalo izivumelwano zaye ngokutsha kunyaka 348, unyaka 305 kunye nonyaka 281 BC.

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, Carthage kwakunzima ukuba ukubalasela kunye amaGrike orange. Kule nxalenye kumzantsi-ntshona eSisili yi kwisigaba eziphembelela Carthaginians (Carthage). KwanamaGrike Sicilia kwinkulungwane yokuqala-3. BC. e. Abazange bakwazi ukumelana ngokwabo kunye uxinzelelo olukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, kwanyanzeleka ukuba afune ngaphandle uncedo, ingakumbi, kukumkani, nguSopatro, yaye kamva (emva kokuba kuthinjwe kumzantsi Italy ngamaRoma) - kurhulumente wamaRoma.

War waseRoma yamandulo yaba ngenxa iziganeko ezithile. Ngo-282 BC e Messana (kwisixeko Greek) wangena mercenaries Italian (ngokutsho kweminye imithombo babebizwa Mamertines), wayithimba. Kodwa Hiero zaseSirakuse (irhuluneli isixeko) waqalisa bawagxothe bahlaseli. Mamertines yahlukana ukucela inkxaso zangaphandle; ezinye cela uncedo kwabaseRoma, kunye nabanye - ukusuka Carthaginians. Ukunganeliseki kunye amaRoma kwabangelwa ayehlasela Carthaginians Messana.

War Punic yaqala ngo-264 BC g. e. kunye ukugaleleka amaRoma esasiseSisili kunye ukugxothwa Carthaginians ukusuka Messana. Wakhokela yamaRoma imikhosi ngunozakuzaku Appiy Klavdy. Umlawuli Messana waqukumbela neRoma Union. Kunye ke sahamba Carthaginians ukusuka Agrigento. Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba ekuqaleni amaRoma, imikhumbi yabo ayizange, ngokukhawuleza balakha kwaye bephumelela uloyiso eziliqela phezu Carthaginians, eyaziwa ngokuba amandla abo phezu kolwandle. Uloyiso lokuqala aselwandle olufunyenwe kunxweme kumantla yeSisili Duilio. Xa imfazwe ukusebenzisa kukuyilwa ngamaRoma kokukhwela kwinqwelo kwo. Ngo-256 BC Unozakuzaku Regulus iphumelele uloyiso elandelayo e Eknome. Nempi yakhe, wamisa eAfrika. Ngo-255, amaRoma boyiswa umphathi baqesha Xanthippe, mna mbanjwa ufumana Duilio. Noko ke, phezu kwayo nje intlungu lamaRoma, okuphinde ilahleko ngexesha uqhwithela azinakulawuleka eziliqela, baba noloyiso kumhlaba kwisixeko yaseFenike kwintshona yeSisili Panormo. Kweli xesha ukususela 248 nge-242 leminyaka amaRoma ilahlwa ukusuka kwizixeko orange umkhosi Carthaginian phantsi umyalelo Hamilcar Barca. Le inkokeli onesiphiwo zomkhosi ogqiba zombini uloyiso zaselwandle kunye nomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ngo-242, emva kokoyiswa zonke izithuthi Carthaginian kwiziqithi Egatskih. Ngenxa yokuba ulwandle kugcwele ngamaRoma, yaye Hamilcar wanqanyulwa Carthage, Punicians kwanyanzeleka ukuba bagqibe disadvantageous kakhulu ihlabathi. Xa ndibano, kwafuneka ukuba bashiye yeSisili ngokupheleleyo. Livumela Carthage War Punic Amandla anqunyanyiswe okwethutyana. Ngokususa Carthaginians ngaphandle ukulwa, amaRoma ikwazile ukuba bambambe ESardinia.

Kuqaliswe War Punic ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe Carthage e-Spain. Ukususela kunyaka 237 iinjengele Carthaginian (Hasdrubal, Hamilcar, ithawula) yanqoba izizwe ezahlukeneyo Spanish. Ngo-218, amaRoma ibhengeze imfazwe kwi Carthage. Isizathu yaba iwuthimbe lo manyano KwabaseRoma Sagunto. Commander ithawula, wamoyisa namaRoma, abo kulindeleke ukuhlasela kwakhe elwandle, ukunqumla zasePyrenees kunye eGaul, kwakunye phantse ingafikeleleki Alps, wehla waya emantla Italy. Ngenxa ngokukhawuleza yaye swiftness, yena amanqaku uloyiso eziliqela ezikrelekrele. Ngo-216, xa Idabi Cannae ithawula waphula Roman 80 lamawaka amajoni. Noko ke, ungena eRoma akazange aphumelele. Ngaphandle koku, ithawula owalathisa ntsho kwethu izixeko izityebi Italian. Noko ke, ngo-214, uloyiso ngayo Carthaginians phezu. Kude kube 202 iminyaka iinjengele Carthaginian boyiswa. Ngenxa yoko, benza uxolo.

Impi yaqalwa ngo-149, amaRoma. Esoyika ukuvuseleleka Carthage, umkhosi wamaRoma umzi. Bendawo wasivuna iminyaka emithathu. Noko ke, ngo-146 Carthage ke sahlasela satshabalalisa kuzo.

War Punic elidlavula emazantsi eItali ukuze ngohlangothi bake bachuma Ndaphelelwa ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho.