Cosmonaut eSoviet kunye Isazinzulu Valentin Lebedev biography

Umhlaba - ukhozo enentlabathi kuthelekiswa ngamandla obuncamisileyo iphela. izihloko zingenakubalwa inkwenkwezi, izijikelezi twisisaka, imingxuma eziyingozi abamnyama - abemi abasisigxina zehlabathi, la magama yingozi earthlings ngayo. Space and yonke into enxulumene nayo, kangangeenkulungwane umdla kwaye yitile neengqondo ukwazi. izifundo kunye japan uphando ibe ulwazi olubanzi eli hlabathi elikhulu nabaphambukeli ngokupheleleyo kuthi. Kakade ke, kule ndawo yophuhliso yenziwa rhoqo kangangoko ukufunda imithetho yonke ngonaphakade. Abantu baye banikezela ukuphila kwabo lo msebenzi, Kakade, njengofanelwe yintlonelo. It izazi, cosmologists, ngendalo kunye oosomajukujuku.

eMoscow ebuntwaneni

Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich - cosmonaut yiSoviet, PhD, unjingalwazi kunye inkosi zemidlalo. Le ndoda wakhonza uphando kubangela isithuba ngokuthembeka Ufanele, ngoko zigxile kwimbali indawo yehlabathi. Register World sanikwa inombolo 70, yaye ngokutsho kubalo eSoviet - inani 29. Valentin Lebedev ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe wenza iinqwelo ezimbini ngaphaya Umhlaba kwakanye kangangethuba ixesha elide (ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini), baphume indawo evulekileyo.

usomajukujuku Future wazalwa eMoscow. usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa yaziwa: Aprili 14, 1942. Yena wakhulela intsapho eqhelekileyo. Unina - Antonina Fedorovna - wasebenza njengombali-mali kunye noyise - Vitaly Vladimirovich - wakhetha umsebenzi yasemkhosini. Mhlawumbi, isigqibo inkwenkwe khetha lo msebenzi unenkalipho aphenjelelwe yemfuza kayise. Valentin Lebedev wafunda e Naro-Fominsk Inombolo izikolo eziphakamileyo 4, ukusuka apho waphumelela ngowe-1959. Ngeli xesha, lo mfana kugqitywe kumda wesangqa eshukumayo eziza kuqala ebomini yaye yagqiba ukuba akhethe umendo umqhubi.

indlela ende eya isithuba: ekuqaleni

Orenburg Aviation School - oku ukhetho abazi oosomajukujuku elizayo. Imfundo kukho eye wavumela guy izakhe ekucingeni ukuchaneka indlela ekhethiweyo. Ngelishwa, ngaloo mihla kwenzeka le lenguqulelo nokuncitshiswa omkhosi waseUSSR, utshintsho rhoqo ngoko zenzeke kule ndawo. Ekugqibeleni Aviation School, leyo wathabatha uqeqesho kwindawo Lebedev apheliswe. Valentine ligqibe ekubeni ukutshintsha iphupha elo, wangena eMoscow Aviation Institute kwi-Faculty of moya. Kodwa uphononongo ayiphelelanga umfana, kwaye ngaxeshanye waqala ukuphuhlisa ulawulo moya ishishini nzima. Yena lathumela izixhobo ezifana Yak-18,-IL 29 wadibana MI-1. Kwaye ukuba uqale kunye nophuhliso neziwuza (kai-12). Ngenxa yoko, Valentin Lebedev wavakalelwa amandla moya sisinyithi, ukuba ndizinyathele kubo.

Sebenza kwi-Central Design Bureau

Ngoxa umfundi e Moscow Aviation Institute ogama emva S. Ordzhonikidze mfo yafaka isicelo sokwamkelwa ukuya cosmonaut. Kwaye ngo-1963, wafumana izincomo zeKhomishini ka-Institute of Party yesebe. Ikhala Akumangalisi, kodwa kumaxesha Soviet, ebengenako ngaphandle loo nkxaso ufaneleke ukusebenza kwimibutho ezinzulu. Emva kokuphumelela kwiziko, Valentin Lebedev wafumana imvume ukusebenza kwi Central Design Bureau. Lo mbutho ke nikhokelwa edume S. P. Korolov. Kamva, ngowe-1979, elo ziko labizwa kwaye yabizwa ngokuba NPO "Energia". Kulo mbutho, Valentin Lebedev, ogama engobomi wenze sayo izigqibo, uye ukusuka injineli eqhelekileyo ngumphandi oyintloko.

Ngowe-1967, enye ingcali yenzululwazi inxaxheba zobuntlola kwi Indian Ocean, ahlelwe ukwenzela ukufumana iziphekepheke yaqonda "Zond", ezisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi ukuya enyangeni. Kunyaka olandelayo, kwakhona e-India Injineli wakhokela iqela leengcali, nto leyo "Zond-5" - isikhululo isithuba ukujikeleza neNyanga kunye wokuqala ukunika imifanekiso ezikumgangatho ophezulu earthlings satellite yethu.

Lebedev Valentin Anatolevich ngokusondeleyo kakhulu ukunxibelelanisa imisebenzi yayo yonke kunye nophuhliso kule ndawo. Oku kuboniswa milestones engakumbi ngobomi bakhe;

• Kwaphuculwa kuvavanyo indlela yosindiso eyenzelwe abasebenzi isithuba igqampe emhlabeni emanzini kunye nomhlaba.
• Yena inxaxheba kwezi mvavanyo moya iinqanawa ezifana "Inkqubela", "Union" kwisitishi Orbital "Salyut" (yesine yesithandathu).
• Wasebenza apho cosmodrome "Baikonur" intloko iqela operative-technical.
• Waye umhlohli kunye umyaleli Cosmonaut Training Centre, apho abaqeqeshwe crew "Soyuz" (4-9) ukubhabha.
• Kuphuhliswa iinkqubo amaxwebhu docking ncwadana kunye rendezvous, ngokunjalo ukulawula esi sikhephe kunye nesikhululo Orbital.

ukulungiselela Flight

Ekubeni wafumana amava kuyimfuneko, ngokwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ezinjalo, Valentin Lebedev akusondela ukuba le njongo. Ngowe-1969, injineli eliphum bafika ukufumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. ezibalaseleyo Ekhaya nebhodi yakhe zonyango emva kokuba kugqitywe uviwo ngenyameko yaye olunzulu usomajukujuku elizayo. Oku kwenzeka phakathi kweendonga lombutho ohloniphekileyo, ebizwa i-Institute of Iingxaki Biomedical. Ngokuphathelele esi siganeko ebalulekileyo kubomi Lebedev, kwafuneka ndirhoxe izifundo zabo esikolweni pilot test. Ngexesha isifundo kwakufuneka kakuhle ilinga karma "MIG-15," yaye "mig-21".

Emva amalungiselelo okunzulu vaakelani va (logama nje ukhuphelo) Valentin V. wabonisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo ukuze ngokupheleleyo kwathiwa ababhalise labasebenzi komhlaba.

Isithuba lokuqala Uhambo Lebedev

Qala moya kwenzeka ngo-1973, ebusika (ngoDisemba 18). Valentin Lebedev waba kwi "Soyuz-13" isiphekepheke crew njengomqhubi yokubhabha. Lakhe ubize uphawu - "Kavkaz-2." I inqwelo-obufutshane - malunga 7 iintsuku, kodwa waba kubaluleke kakhulu yenzululwazi. Isibakala sokuba le nqanawa isithuba yafakwa nge inkqubo entsha ngeeteleskopu brand "Orion-2", ngenxa yomsebenzi eququzelelweyo zesixhobo zakutshanje kunye iinjineli ziye siqalile mkhanya ibalulekileyo astrophysical le yiultraviolet spectrum kwi zidle.

Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, emva moya wakhe wokuqala Lebedev wayekhusela ithisisi yakhe kuqeqesho crew usebenzisa ukuma uqeqesho kunye neendlela zokufundisa ezikhuthaza oko. Lonke eli xesha le usomajukujuku iyaqhubeka ukusebenza "Energy" NGO. PhD thesis, yakhiwe esoniwa nguye, inika ngokwesiseko entsha, ukuphuculwa kuqeqesho jonga ngaphambi kokuya emajukujukwini. Ingakumbi obalulekileyo iimeko ezininzi esengqiqweni ukuqonda kwabo; kabhaka rendezvous isithuba bokuqonda befikile, iingoma isithuba.

Flight injineli nomqondiso umnxeba "Elbrus-2"

Lo moya yesibini Lebedev, ebibanjwe ngo-1982 kwi-isakhiwo indawo ebizwa ngokuba "Soyuz T-5" (ngaphandle kwakhe, kwakukho inqanawa njengoko enqanaweni umthwalo "Inkqubela" kunye isikhululo Orbital "Salyut-7" enjalo), wangena Guinness Book of Records ixesha lokuhlala kwisithuba (iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-211). Lo moya waya ezantsi kwimbali nje kuphela ngokwemigaqo ubude, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ngeli xesha Lebedev baqhube imifuniselo ezininzi kwaye liphumeze inkqubo yophando olunzulu. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, lo moya injineli msebenzi akazange Sahlukana uphawu umnxeba "Elbrus-2". Ngexesha esemoyeni, Lebedev spacewalks waza wahlala apho kangangeeyure engaphezu ezimbini. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba wawongwa elikwinqanaba ngumhlohli-test cosmonaut kwiklasi yokuqala.

Hi ndlela leyi, inxalenye isikhululo Orbital ezintsonkothileyo "Salyut-7", eyenzelwe uphando lwezenzululwazi, unyango kunye nobuchwepheshe emoyeni, ke imodeli entsha kolu ngcelele.

imifuniselo yezenzululwazi Kwento

Ngexesha lohambo lwakhe isithuba ezimbini abanetalente flight injineli waba ezintathu namakhulu-experimenti ezininzi eziyimfuneko kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi neteknoloji. Abaninzi kubo ekhethekileyo. Walinganisa nokwakhiwa emoyeni kufutshane nesikhululo, wacacisa amanqanaba ukungcangcazela ngaphakathi kwicandelo isithuba, iindlela ukulungiselela iisampuli ludlolo eziphilayo. Ke ekugqibeleni, okokuqala kwimbali astronautics ababekhwele isityalo iziphekepheke kulinywa ngokuba "Arabidopsis", nto leyo ithe Umjikelo wophuhliso epheleleyo.

Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa indlela yolawulo elizenzekelayo "Salyut-7" isikhululo isithuba ukuze akwazi ukufumanisa zomhlaba kunye bezakhelo zomhlaba kwi planethi yethu. Ngoko ke wanikwa uthsuphe wokuba apho ulwalathiso kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba ekufuneni oli, irhasi kunye needipozithi polymetallic kummandla besekhaya.

Emva kokuba moya, Valentin Lebedev waqhubeka ukuba asebenze kwi-ofisi yoyilo yaye zenze izinto zenzululwazi. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1985 wenjineli wayekhusela ithisisi zobugqirha yakhe nguqu methodological, nokuququzelela imisebenzi lweenkqubo Orbital kwaye andise impumelelo yawo. Lo msebenzi uye waba othile revolution - it Valentin V. ecetywayo ukwandisa umsebenzi crew, asuse yesiqhelo okungeyomfuneko, waza wenza uhlengahlengiso kwindawo kwezixhobo ukudubula.

Valentin Lebedev: usomajukujuku dayari

Ukongezelela amaphepha enzululwazi (193), nto leyo usathabatha njengesiseko babo abafundi zeeyunivesithi ezininzi uhlenga ethile, Valentin V. wabhala iincwadi. Umzekelo, "Dimension yam" yaye "Materials moya uphando yinjineli." Kodwa le misebenzi adalwe ngokusebenzisa izinto edume "Diary of ngusomajukujuku." Ukohluka iirekhodi kangangokuba abazange babe ingxelo ukulungiselela ukupapashwa, kodwa nje ukuveza iimvakalelo zabo neemvakalelo ephepheni. Banganyamekeli isimbo, indlela usomajukujuku ochazwe iintsuku phambi kokuqala, ngexesha, yaye ababekhwele kweso sikhululo. isifungo Siya- esinikwa Lebedev ngokwakhe nje phambi kokuba moya. Kuyo, wathembisa ukuba shushu, ukucaphukisa iqabane ukuba noxanduva izigqibo zabo baze banikwe nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Kakade ke, kukho indawo kwidayari, kwaye iimvakalelo ukuba usomajukujuku kwafuneka usapho, unina. Phakathi imigca kukho ulangazelelo losapho kunye nehlabathi. Kwakhona kwingxelo luquka ulwazi malunga ubunzima ngokwasemzimbeni ukumelana neemeko komhlaba: sokulibala, isicaphucaphu, intloko sizingise. Kwakukho izinto ezichaseneyo ngokwasengqondweni - kwaba nzima ukuzama ukuqhagamshelana kunye neqabane ngenxa uxinzelelo lwasemoyeni.

"Diary of ngusomajukujuku" kuqala Uphakamisa isigqubuthelo kwaye ibonisa ubomi bemihla aba bantu, iingcinga kunye neemvakalelo zabo. Ezi ngxelo efundisayo kakhulu abo banomdla kwimisebenzi esithubeni.

Awards baye bafumana amaqhawe

cosmonaut Outstanding Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich wenza igalelo elibonakalayo isithuba, astrophysical, navigation kunye nophando zejoloji. Lo mntu ngokwenene wazahlulela kwinzululwazi, akwazi ukunceda, kodwa wafumana iimbasa ezininzi kunye nomfuziselo. Akazange afune ukuba indumasi, kodwa umgangatho nje ophezulu kwaye nomphefumlo umsebenzi wakhe. Ngokomzekelo, nangona ekhefini, Valentin V. ayikwazanga ngaphandle umsebenzi - kunye nabafundi bakhe, waya kuncedisa ekwakheni edume ka BAM, apho wafumana omnye ibhaso - ". Kuba ukwakhiwa BAM" imbasa Ukongeza, le usomajukujuku wawongwa izihloko ezilandelayo namanqaku agqamileyo:

• "Hero eSoviet Union" (kabini).
• Order degree IV "Kuba Merit".
• Order of Lenin (iimbasa ezimbini).
• "Kuba kokufaneleka kwi Ukuhlolwa isithuba" - imbasa.
• usomajukujuku French wafumana IMbasa iButho iMbeko.
• Bamenzela imbeko waseFama Science.

Ukongeza, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, ukubaleka yakhe ikuluhlu Guinness Book of Records, Moscow Cosmonauts Alley i umhlola lo moya yinjineli ezukileyo, Valentin V. ngummi Wawongwa izixeko ezininzi Russian, ingakumbi, Naro-Fominsk. Kwaye NASA iye isindululo ukwenza Lebedev ummi Wawongwa kaRhulumente ka eTexas ukuba igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso astronautics. Ekugqibeleni, omnye iiplanethi ezincinane ogama emva kokuba sisazinzulu onesiphiwo - isigqibo esenziwe yi-International Astronomical Union.

Little ngobomi bakhe siqu

Njengoko zangasese Valentina Vitalevicha Lebedeva, yonke uzinzile - sele kudala watshata umfazi omhle ukusondela kuye kokubini ngoMoya ngokwemigqaliselo umsebenzi (kwakhona engineer). Lyudmila Vitalevna, umfazi ngusomajukujuku, njengangoku umhlala-phantsi kwi ubume umhlala-phantsi. Sisibini unyana owazalwa ngo-1972 - Vitaly V .. Usebenza njengoko igqwetha.

Esi sibini Lebedev babe nomzukulwana kunye umzukulwana Anastasia Demid. Valentin V. kunye nosapho lwakhe ohlala eMoscow.