Big amabini (iG20): kuqamba. Big engamashumi Amazwe

Big lama - umbutho malunga ukuzwa abaninzi. Luhlanganisa uqoqosho-20 eziphambili langa, kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo. Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngembali yoMbutho, iinjongo zaso kunye neenjongo, ngokunjalo ubudlelwane Russia kunye namanye amalungu ale qonga.

G20 Unyaka of Education ithathwa we-1999. Ukususela ngo-2008, lo mbutho ibamba iintlanganiso rhoqo amalungu ayo. Of umdla eluntwini jikelele kwabangela ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala - Brisbane. Big imashumi ukuba ndizama ukusombulula iingxaki ezininzi ezinkulu.

G20: ekuqaleni

Big amabini (okanye elifutshane - iG20) ngumbutho wamazwe ngamazwe etyhutyha zehlabathi. Oku akuzi kwelona uqoqosho-langa.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba kombhalo wokuqala we-Big amabini ezaziquka 20 ithi no-33! Noko ke, emva nje konyaka, ngowe-1999, inani labathathi-nxaxheba iforam lancipha ukuya njengesiqhelo mabini namhlanje. oko kuya kuhlala kunjalo kule minyaka izayo nokuba - akukho bani owaziyo.

Uhlobo umfutho ukuze kwakhiwe G20 yaba kwintlekele yoqoqosho ka-1998, egubungela yonke East Asia. Kunye neziphumo zalo ntlekele bavakalelwa phantse ehlabathini lonke. Noko ke, uye wanceda abadlali phambili kwi mephu kwezopolitiko ihlabathi ukuba abone isidingo ukudala amandla womhlaba kunganqanda ukuba ezinye ezifanayo abahoyele iingxaki zoqoqosho. Kwaye mbutho yamiselwa - yaba Big engamashumi.

G20: the iinjongo kunye neenjongo

Constant, ukukhula ngcembe uqoqosho langa - ezi postulates eziphambili kunye njongo iphambili yalo mbutho. Kwaye ke kukho ukwanda ozinzileyo kufuneka kuchaphazela onke ngaphandle amazwe ngaphandle kwehlabathi.

Xa sikhokelo G20 of amalungu ayo bazama ukufumana izisombululo ngokwaneleyo lonke uluhlu nemiba:

• Ziziphi iindlela kungcono ukuzinzisa ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi.
• Ngayo ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zemali kunye nezentlalo.
• Indlela ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya yamazwe abahluphekayo.
• njani na ukusombulula iqela lasekuhlaleni kunye iingxabano zommandla.
• Indlela "asindise" eziphilayo iplanethi yethu, njalo-njalo. D.

A lot of umgudu namandla ku tirhisa lizwe Big engamashumi, kwaye sifumane iindlela zokusombulula ingxaki lorhwaphilizo. Kananjalo inxaxheba kwimozulu ezininzi kunye neenkqubo intshayelelo.

Kakade ke, ukuba akakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi G20 kunye ngaphandle inxenye ukugxekwa. Amaninzi, umbutho otyholwa yokunqongophala elubala imisebenzi, kwakunye bambalwa kakhulu amalungu forum abaye kwenziwa ukusombulula imiba ebalulekileyo yehlabathi.

Big engamashumi: kuluhlu lwamazwe

G20 forum ngamazwe - is:

• 58% yendawo lwehlabathi;
• malunga ne-60% labemi behlabathi;
• 85% yazo zonke iintlobo zorhwebo lwehlabathi.

Ngezantsi bonke belizwe Big amabini (ezo amalungu lombutho ukuza kuthi ga ngoku):

1. Canada.
2. US.
3. Mexico.
4. EBrazil.
5. Argentina.
6. EMzantsi Afrika.
7. Great Britain.
8. France.
9. Italy.
10. Germany.
11. Russia.
12. Turkey.
13. Saudi Arabia.
14. China.
15. India.
16. Japan.
17. South Korea.
18. Indonesia.
19. Australia.

Kwasendaweni onke amazwe ezidweliswe ngasentla, ungabona kwimephu yehlabathi ngezantsi. Kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba amalungu G20 zikhona kuzo zonke amazwekazi ehlabathini ngaphandle Antarctica.

Kodwa ngubani engekhoyo kuluhlu G20? amalungu amabini iforam kucingelwa ukuba i-European Union njengentlangano. Ukongeza, ke intloko yazo kwalahlwa ngokufuthi kuyo abameli IMF, i-World kunye European Central Bank. Oku ke onke Big engamashumi.

Summit of the kwalahlwa

Ifom iphambili lomsebenzi le ngqungquthela G20. Big imashumi esiya ezinjalo iintlanganiso qho ngonyaka. Nyaka ngamnye, khetha umkhosi ilizwe entsha kwisamithi elandelayo. Le ibekwe kunye nonobhala mbutho.

Kule ntlanganiso kuza umthetho, iintloko karhulumente (abongameli kunye iinkulumbuso), kwakunye njengabalungiseleli arhente ngamnye. Le Ngqungquthela G20 yokuqala ngo-2008 kwi-capital US waza wabizwa anti-ntlekele. Kucacile ukuba sixubushe iindlela zokuphuma jikelele yemali nengxaki ka-2007-2008 iminyaka.

Big imashumi ibamba ziikomfa malunga kanye ngonyaka (kuphela ngo-2009 no-2010 kwakukho amabini). Amaninzi, iintlanganiso ziyabanjwa ngokwindla ngoSeptemba okanye ngoNovemba. Mhlawumbi umdla mkhulu kwimbali ubukho ekuthiwa G20 Brisbane 2014. On iya kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Musa ukucinga ukuba onke umsebenzi we-Forum yehliswe kuphela umbutho ukuhlalwa iintlanganiso zonyaka. Kule ntlanganiso elilandelayo ukuxoxa ze iphumeze isicwangciso intshukumo ethile, ukuphunyezwa neziye zithi ke ngoko usaqhubeka kumsebenzi kumaqela ahlukeneyo kunye neeyunithi zokusebenza.

G20 kunye Russian Federation

Lo mbuzo kolunxulumano kwindawo kwenkqubo "Big engamashumi - Russia" kwiminyaka yakutshanje umdla ingakumbi kuluntu lonke.

Njengoko waziwa, ngowe-2014, oko wamiswa ubulungu eRashiya kwiqela G8 le. Ngenxa yokuba i- Big ezisibhozo iye yaphela, labuyela kubungakanani bayo boqobo - iqela G7 le.

Kungekudala, namarhe zehlabathi eziya ngaphandle eRashiya ukusuka Big engamashumi. Ngayo le nto zonke ndangenwa Australia, leyo kosuku phambi ukuthatha summit ezayo yaseBrisbane. URhulumente uthethe iintlondi Russia yokubandakanyeka ngqo kwi-moya umkhweli waphu- "iBoeing MD-17" esibhakabhakeni phezu empuma Ukraine.

Noko ke, emva kokuba iingxoxo elide phakathi nxaxheba kweli qonga, abathunywa Russian kunjalo wamenywa ukuba summit kwisixeko Australia yaseBrisbane. Umyalezo ophambili esi sigqibo kukuba nokungasetyenziswa Russia ukusuka G20 ngakumbi akalulola imeko neAfrika sele nzima ehlabathini namhlanje.

Big Amashumi amabini eOstreliya (Brisbane Summit)

Ekuthiwa-G20 Australia summit (ngo-2014) ebibanjelwe e Brisbane - million isixeko kunxweme okwimpuma yeli lizwe. Iintloko karhulumente bebefudula kwintlanganiso yonyaka ye-forum, eyathatha iintsuku ezimbini: 15 no-16 Novemba.

Isihloko esingundoqo Ingxoxo ungquzulwano emkhosini kwimpuma Ukraine, eziqale Ekuveleni komnyaka omnye. Ukongezelela koko, amazwe ziye ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ingxaki ongunaphakade lorhwaphilizo. Kule ntlanganiso, ukongeza kwiintloko 19 ithi, naye wayekhona, yaye Herman Van Rompuy - Mongameli kwiBhunga yaseYurophu. Intlanganiso e Australia phezu ekuvunyweni kwesicwangciso intsebenziswano.

uqikelelo olusisiseko kunye neziphumo ze-G20 summit e Brisbane

Brisbane Summit 2014 kwenzeka nxamnye imvelaphi ekomelezeni xenga neAfrika jikelele ehlabathini. Ngenxa yoko, phakathi izihloko eziphambili wentlanganiso zaphakanyiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• ukuqhubeka yemfazwe yamakhaya Syria kunye nokusekwa LIH - isisongelo omtsha abanqolobi kuba ihlabathi lonke;
• ingasetyenziswa kwithuba elilkunyeelayo lokuba ingapheli kwimpixano Arabhu-Israeli;
• impi esebenzayo kwi Donbas yaye kunokwenzeka iindlela zokusombulula ingxabano;
• mihla le nangenxa yokudodobala ye-German kunye noqoqosho Italian, leyo ikakhulu ixhomekeke kuzinzo lonke European Union.

Ukongeza, uyincopho Brisbane kuyaxoxwa ingxaki ehlabathini ukuwa amaxabiso "igolide black", kwaye kwakhona ikhangela iindlela ukunqanda ukusasazeka Ebola.

Apho itotali ekufikelelwe-nxaxheba le ngqungquthela? Eyona nto iphambili ukuba kwagqitywa kuphosa bonke bezimpi G20 kunyaka olandelayo - kuba yinto ukhuseleko yehlabathi. Ukongeza, i-Big engama ithi Ndikubekile ngokwabo umsebenzi ehlabathini: ukuba ukwandisa nge-2% of GDP kwihlabathi (ukuya kuma-2018). Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, "amagunya ke" babeceba ukwandisa ukhuphiswano ngamazwe kunye nokunyusa ulwabiwo-mali kwiiprojekthi zoqoqosho.

I-G20 summit e Antalya

Le ngqungquthela lokugqibela Big amabini eyayibanjelwe e Antalya, Turkey. Le intlanganiso neenkokheli zehlabathi kwenzeka nxamnye ulungelane i-Paris abagrogrisi, leyo akubuzwa ukuba nithi, zaye ngoko nangoko kugwetywa. Kucacile ukuba lo mxholo uphambili ngqungquthela yaba ubugrogrisi Turkish ngamazwe.

Jean-Klod Yunker wamvusa kule ntlanganiso kwenye yobuzaza - umba abavela kwimimandla kwesiqabu. Kule ntlanganiso yabalasela igalelo omkhulu Turkey kunye eRussia ukulwa abanqolobi intlangano LIH. Angawaconganga awasemvelweni nxaxheba intlanganiso kunye umbuzo zemveli zilungele G20 ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi.

Njengoko yaziwa, uyincopho olandelayo Big amabini ucwangciselwe kwi kummandla China.

isiphelo

iforam G20 ngamazwe yasekwa ngo-1999 ukuze bamanyane ukufumana izisombululo kwiingxaki ezininzi kwihlabathi kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Ekuqaleni, baba abaqhelekileyo ngabalungiseleli ngamnye ntlanganiso. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, Big amabini liqalise summit enkulu, nto leyo wamema intloko kwamazwe aphambili ehlabathini.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukwakhiwa Big amabini nakumazwe 19 umbutho omnye - i-European Union. I-G20 Ingqungquthela yokugqibela yabanjwa e Antalya ngoNovemba 2015.