Kakhulu metal ductile - igolide

Gold - sisinyithi uthandwa kakhulu embalini, kwinkcubeko, kuqoqosho. Kuba ilifa kubo iphalale imilambo igazi, kwabaneka umkhaya uxabana kunye neemfazwe zazilwela. ukubaluleka kwayo yonke impucuko yabantu isekelwe kwiipropati yawo eyodwa iikhemikhali yaye ngokwasemzimbeni, phezu awohluke ngesakhiwo lwangaphakathi.

Gold - sisinyithi kakhulu ductile. Le mfanelo yenza kube ithandwa yonke ukusuka izacholo kwimeko ukuya microelectronics.

Kakhulu "metal" metal

Igolide ukuzikisa zonke iifitsha ecaca ukuba zizazinzulu metal. Kuba Unikezelo lombane, yinto yesibini kuphela isilivere, yobhedu palladium ecocekileyo. conductivity thermal - ngokufanayo zesilivere, nobhedu kunye ayibe. Ngu ikhono lokunciphisa amandla ubushushu yesibini kuphela igolide bismuth nezingaqhelekanga, mercury nesilivere phambili. Kweminye "metal" iipropati - malleability kunye ukukhanya - yinto iqhawe. Gold - sisinyithi kakhulu ductile ehlabathini, kanye bezinto yayo - ingqiqo edume.

Isakhiwo molecule ye igolide nalo kakhulu "metal". It is a emkhusaneni geometrically rhoqo ion HIV kwiindawo kunye ngelifu oxineneyo ingqalelo "e" le therebetween igesi. Le atom inxenye zenza elektroni ezamahala, elahliweyo kwinqanaba amandla engaphandle. Bona ukudala amandla enomtsalane phakathi kwiindawo emkhusaneni esibonelela ukukwazi ukugqabhuza le metal ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuthembeka lulonke. Leyo yeyona ndlela metal ductile.

Guquka plasticity

Ukusuka Greek Πλαστική ( "befaka", "umqolo") kufike elithi "zeplastiki", nto leyo wamnika njengengcambu kwabanye enxulumene notshintsho ngendlela eqinileyo. Plasticity - impahla State Solid ukutshintsha imilo nobukhulu nokugcina deformation eyintsalela emva kokupheliswa imikhosi yangaphandle ngaphandle kokutshintsha umthamo kunye Break.

Kuba nesinyithi, yenye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise kubo practice. Ngaphandle ukukwazi mabaqhoboshele workpieces ezenziwe ngentsimbi imilo olufunayo bekuya kuba nzima kuba elula izinto zemihla ngemihla. Gold - intsimbi kakhulu ductile, kunye namanqaku zayo - ngumzekelo yintoni imilo ungenza izinto ezingqinelanayo ngokwaneleyo elibenze, nomnombo koxinzelelo, ukuzolula, ukuzoba, njl Reverse ingqondo nezakhiwo izibonelelo nkum ...

test ductility

Iimpawu ductility metal ngokuqhelekileyo ezichazwe phantsi iimvavanyo ezingashukumiyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uvavanyo eqine. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi na metal ductile, kufuneka phantsi ukuba futhe iisampulu ezilinganayo phantsi kweemeko lobushushu efanayo. ubungakanani deformation onako ukumelana yomzekelo metal phambi komsipha, - njengenyathelo kwinjongo ductility.

yokubonakalisa ngamanani uqine test japan kukho into ezimbini ezinkulu. Zobude - ipesenti ubude eyandisiweyo kwisampula emva umsantsa ebangelwe deformation ukuya yokuqala. Le metal kakhulu ductile - igolide - anelona - 65%. Thelekisa: - iron 40-50 ze-aluminiyam - 30-40.

Isalathisi yesibini plasticity - exineneyo relative kwisampula cross-yecandelo. Gold ine icandelo lokuqala isampuli ngaphezulu 90% ngaphezu anako phambi kokuba ikhefu. Ngo-aluminiyam, eli nani - 80% sobhedu - 75%.

Soft, ductile kwaye luhlala

Ngokutsho Mohs isikali yokuqaqadeka ngokulinganisela legolide - 2.5-3.7. Xa uhlobo yayo enyulu le but is kakhulu elula izinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zikrweleke ngemela okanye zeminwe. Ngoko ke, ukuze uphephe amanqaku banxibe yegolide okukhawulezayo, kuba metal yabo lemveliso wongezelela izinto ligature ezizodwa ukomeleza ngokokuqhelekileyo isilivere okanye ubhedu. Kukho igolide kunye ukungcola eziyingozi. Le metal kakhulu ductile kwi lwezakhi phambi ilothe, platinum, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, okanye nesalfure uba krobo.

Le ukuthamba yohlobo olulodwa zegolide, ibe intw ubulukhuni yayo ductility. Lula umqolo kunye nokulungisa iinkcukacha intw kumanqanaba aphezulu uqine - 3300 kg / cm ^2. Le yindibaniselwano ezohlukileyo iipropati emzimbeni ngomatshini ngegolide isetyenziswa ixesha elide. Umzekelo - igolide yaba zizixwexwe ezicekethekileyo.

Uphahla e Russia Croutes ngegolide ecocekileyo ...

Nangona imbali elide zegolide, olu belusoloko ababekolo ezinqabileyo anqabileyo. Yeyona intsimbi kakhulu ductile. Le mfanelo yenza ukusetyenziswa zegolide beengxenye zokuhombisa zangaphakathi, okanye ukuhlawula iindleko olusebenzayo uphahla ecaweni. metal encinane kakhulu ezixabisekileyo ezifunekayo enamathela indawo enkulu ka-1 gram ye kwipleyiti inokuba sheet ongalawulwayo indawo ka-1 m ^2.

Nkqu indlela manual ukuvelisa sheets nesingxobo igolide kwenza kube lula ukuphumeza Ebubanzini omnye sewaka ndlela. Le ubukhulu ivumela zegazi zegolide ukunamathela phezu komhlaba ngenxa yomtsalane eziphilayo. Ithekhnoloji ngokwenza ekhazimlayo ngcono kakhulu. Ke kaloku, ngenxa flattening amaphepha igolide kusetyenziswa umgca iirobhothi, kodwa inkqubo - ductility eliphezulu ukuqala eziphathekayo.

intambo igolide

Isakhono yegolide ukumelana umkhosi eqine ngaphandle ngokwaphula aziwayo ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni ukusetyenziswa kwayo zorhwebo. Ukwenza ngocingo ukuba izinto yasekwa kumaxesha amandulo - siziinkosi yamandulo wayesazi into but is yeplastiki kakhulu. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XX microwire eveliswa kunye engundoqo ngegolide, leyo nkqu yokugquma zeplastikhi yaba izihlandlo 7 alingane nonwele lomntu. Ukususela ngowoku-1 gram ngentsimbi yegolide zabuya filament ngokuqhubekayo malunga 3,5 km ubude.

technology Namhlanje, abezisa igolide wire Ebubanzini ukuya microns eziliqela, uphuhliso ngakumbi iingenelo lobuchwepheshe metal kuyaqhubeka.