Iziqhushumbisi ngesandla. iziqhushumbisi Hand ukuqhekeka. Hand sokuqhumisa RGD-5. Hand sokuqhumisa F-1

Uluntu kuba njalo ukulwa. Phantse akukho amabali amatsha kangakanani na ixesha elide loxolo. Leyo yenye indawo planethi i "shushu", ngoko ke omnye, yaye maxa wambi eziliqela ngaxeshanye. Kwaye kuyo yonke indawo, botola komboko izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, iziqhushumbisi Urhashaza, Jets kunye neziqhushumbisi ephaphazelayo, ebangela ukwenzakala nokufa amajoni alwayo, yaye kunye abangalwiyo. Ezibulalayo kuthetha lula yaye kungabinandleko, ngoko ke idla kusetyenziswa. Oomashini, imipu, carbines kunye afohlela - ngaphandle ukhuphiswano. Kwaye ke sixhobo ebulalayo - oku zokudubula. Kodwa akukho yingozi ngaphantsi yaye "namaqokobhe pocket" - iziqhushumbisi ngesandla. Ukuba imbumbulu yi amajoni ukuba uluvo ethandwayo - isidenge, into malunga amanxuwa, abathethi nto.

Kwihlabathi lethu ziinkathazo bonke abantu kufanele bazi ukuba wena ukuba usebenzise indlela umpu, ngoko ke ubuncinane izinto zayo ezichaphazela, ubuncinane ukwenzela ukuba babe nethuba lokuba ukukhusela ngandlel nabo xa into eyenzekayo.

Imbali emfutshane garnet

iziqhushumbisi ngesandla zaba ixesha elide, ngenkulungwane yokuqala elinesihlanu, Noko ke, bathi xa ngokuba zibhombu, nengcinga kwabo kunokuba kwakudala. Iqumrhu ngodongwe, senziwe yesiqhelo "Gorshkova" ubugcisa, nto leyo iqhele izinto eziyingozi - powder okanye ulwelo olunokutsha. Ukubunjwa yonke lalibonelelwa isixhobo isebenze ngokohlobo umsonto elula kwaye ndileqeka ibe yindawo enkulu lutshaba ingqalelo. iziqhamo Amnandi kwaye esempilweni - nerharnate - ngokukhuthazwa i Umsunguli angaziwa egqibelele olu hlobo izixhobo, ukuqala njengoko iinkozo, izinto ebetha ngexesha elifanayo wayinika igama. Phakathi kwenkulungwane elinesixhenxe kuzo zonke izintlu ihlabathi baba hlula grenadiers. La majoni wathabatha nokuma ukhetho amadoda, waqina. Ezi mfuno Akukho isuke luqwalaselo yobuhle, nangona ezi yasebukhosini musa ukulibala, iziqhushumbisi ngesandla kanye ngelo xesha ayenzima, yaye kwafuneka ulahle kude. Hi ndlela leyi, oku kwenza le ndlela yayahluke ukusuka mihla. Bomb endawayo phantsi ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu intshukumo, kufana izenzo umdlali yokubhowula.

Ukuvela prototype le mihla

Ixesha edlula, iteknoloji ithe yaguquka, kwangulamntu sokuqhumisa kuba ikhuseleke kakhulu, kodwa yabangela umonakalo ngakumbi yotshaba. Umfutho uphuhliso kubo uhlobo izixhobo compact yaba Russian-Japanese War, eyaqala ngo-1905. Ekuqaleni, amajoni zombini wemikhosi i Umsunguli, bakha izixhobo ezibulalayo ngezinto ezilahliweyo (bamboo, iinkonkxa inkcenkce, njalo njalo.), Ke ngoko icandelo ukuziphendulela ukuba bajoyine ityala. Ngexesha Battle of Mukden Japanese kuqala kusetyenziswa iziqhushumbisi ukuqhekeka ngesandla nge ngesiphatho somthi, leyo injongo mbini; kuba lula maka kunye nozinzo. Ukususela ngoko waqalisa umsebenzi "epokothweni zokudubula" ehlabathini lonke.

"Yi" kunye prototype yayo

"Limonka" kusungulwe waseBritani Martin Heyl. Le fowuni i lesandla malunga umgaqo kwinkulungwane akukho tshintsho. Innovation liquka ngendlela entsha lwezindlu (okanye "ibhatyi"), esisiso lahlulwe ngenani uziziqwempu rhoqo zejiyometri 24. Uyilo olululo yaba ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ukuze bamnikele izixhobo ukuya ekujoliswe afohlela umkhosi zesiqhelo. Kwenzeke Hale waba kwase le iziqhushumbisi projectile mihla.

Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi wasebenzisa ingcamango eyahlukileyo. Ukukhusela kwezi ndawo zidweliswe ngasentla, ukukhangela kumqheba somthi ndabophelela intambo ende, nge sesona sisombululo apho Ukuqaliswa wenza fuse. Umbhali Norwegian Aazen, kodwa wokusungula akakakwamkeli uphuhliso ngakumbi.

Umphathi wesekethe omkhulu, nesetyenziswa namhlanje, waye siseko kwase Hale ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. "Shirt" sokubumbela abamnkela zila izele Uyadubula. Xa iziko kukho umngxuma ngeenxa zonke, eza kwi kokujikeleza up fuse zezindlu. detonation kokulinganisa ikhutshwa phandle i eyaziwa izinga elivuthayo propellant wentsika, kufuneka kukho into efana zokuzikhusela operation gwenxa azenziwanga ngabom. Oku kunjalo amalungiselelo iziqhushumbisi kukuqhekeka ngesandla kwi uninzi, kungakhathaliseki ilizwe imvelaphi kunye nophawu.

Special nokulwa

Njengoko ngokunjalo ngoxolo, emfazweni, isixhobo nganye injongo yayo. Engxoweni yakho okanye kwi karma lakho ibhanti yi esandla ezahlukeneyo. Photo of amajoni Soviet kunye nesiJamani, bexhobile impahla, newsreels, iipowusta ze wasikhupha imbonakalo zezi zixhobo novalo ebulalayo, lo limonoobraznyh, into efana Pistons motor.

eminyaka elandelayo ukongeza ezahlukeneyo ukuze kuluhlu lwabo; kwakukho ukukhanya kunye nesandi, isiginali, okanye manual umsi sokuqhumisa, waza wafaka kunye negesi iinyembezi. Le "enobuntu" isixhobo non-ebulalayo sisixhobo esilungiselelwe lokufakwa lotshaba okanye izaphuli mthetho, kwakunye nokubonelela ngeemeko kakuhle kwi entsimini yokulwa ngexesha kokurhoxa okanye kushenxa. Iimeko ziyahluka. Umzekelo, kwimeko kwimozulu ecacileyo unit kuyimfuneko emuva ukusuka kwindawo eyingozi phantsi umlilo kufuneka 'uzalise enkungwini ". Ashinyeneyo grey umsi sokuqhumisa RDG ukunika-P. Phantsi amajoni akhe kwilinen uya kukwazi ukwenza ngokuphambuka stealthy (okanye bahambe) isenza imisebenzi yokulwa kunye ilahleko oluncinane okanye hayi.

A flash eqaqambileyo sikhatshwe kwingozi embi, amnqande nabaphangi zokuzimela, yaye baphulukana nako ukuxhathisa abameli omkhosi wokhuselo. "Iinyembezi mbulo," kanye njengokuba kwi ukuthandana ubudala, izidanga, amehlo baphembeleli UDUSHE ngexesha yayiya ukukwazi ukubona kakuhle, kuya kunceda amapolisa ukuze enze umsebenzi onzima ekugcineni ucwangco loluntu.

Kodwa nezixhobo ezizodwa - kuphela inxalenye encinane zonke iziqhushumbisi ngesandla. Ngokomthetho ukuba zilwe isixhobo, kwaye kujongwe ukuba umonakalo ubuninzi nakumasoldati esitha. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba igorha isisiqhwala ukuba uqoqosho lizwe-utshaba ngaphantsi enqwenelekayo ngaphezu abafileyo. Kuyafuneka ukuba aphathwe, ukuba anike zitho, ukondla ukuthatha unonophelo losapho abakhubazekileyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iziqhushumbisi frag isandla owayephila kufuneka intlawulo encinci.

Ekubeni isiqhushumbisi nxamnye itanki

Antitank eminyaka emva kwemfazwe gqolo ngcono. Ingxaki ephambili belisoloko imfuneko kuthetha isithuthi transport ukuba kusiqengqela. Amabutho kwezithuthi vehicles phambili njengobuluchasileyo ezinjalo amalinge, usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo abathintela kwaMandla oLuntu utshaba. Unobangela ukuqhutywa inkxaso elihamba, nayo leyo negalelo kwimpumelelo kwangulamntu izityholo. We wasebenzisa ezahlukahlukeneyo ngeendlela - ukusuka Molotov cocktails ukuya izixhobo ngendlela yohlobo Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye ebumbeneyo. Manual antitank sokuqhumisa unalo bubunzima obuninzi. Ngexesha Winter beMfazwe, Finnish ikomkhulu mhlawumbe memo okhethekileyo, awathi ngenxa yokubhuqwa itanki anobunzima 30 (umzekelo, T-28) kufuneka ibe kilograms ubuncinane ezine TNT, hayi kuquka nezindlu. Of iziqhushumbisi benza nemisipha, enzima neziyingozi. Phosela umthwalo kwaye hayi ukuba kuwa phantsi umlilo ikhosi umpu kumatshini - hayi umsebenzi olula. amathuba ezininzi ukunciphisa ubunzima intlawulo weza kamva, ngenxa kuyilo ezizodwa warhead. Enyuselwayo antitank sokuqhumisa xa ibetha iintonga ikhala njengesihlambo elimxinwa yerhasi abilayo metal entsimbini. Kwabakho, nakuba kunjalo, enye ingxaki. Ke kaloku lijoni efunekayo ukuze bamphose projectile yakho ukuze nje hit kwithagethi, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo yaba engile contact. Ekugqibeleni, emva kokuvela iziqhushumbisi, iziqhushumbisi isandla antitank ukusuka ishiywe phantse kuzo zonke izintlu ehlabathini.

Kuba kuhlaselwa kunye nabammeli

Yiya isiqhushumbisi kwi itanki - iqashiso abantu ngamakroti. Enye into - umlo kunye elihamba. Ukujula esandla waba umthambo sele abapasa course umlweli abaselula. Kwi-USSR, oko ndafundiswa, nkqu besikole kwi izifundo zoqeqesho ezisisiseko emkhosini. Kuxhomekeka ubeko ubunzima (500 okanye 700 g), ubude uvavanyo umqulu ukuya kwi-25 m (abafazi) kunye 35 m (amadoda). ukulwa esinamandla omdala ungathumela intlawulo meters amahlanu, maxa wambi ibe ngaphezulu kancinane. Oku icela umbuzo kufuneka ibe yintoni sangqa (okanye radius) of uchithachitha amaqhekeza kubo akabi buhlungu ngokwakhe ngumdilizi? Kodwa kukho enye inkalo - imfuneko ukubaleka baphume izinto umonakalo. Xa ukuziphatha yokulwa ngoyaba ukusuka joni unalo ithuba kuzimela, imisele, elala. Ngexesha bayahlaselwa sengqondo etshintsha ngokukhawuleza akukho intle kangaka ukufumana isixhobo enjalo njengoko ephoswa ngesandla. Unga lula ukungena kuyo. Ngoko ke, iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili izixhobo eziyilelwe iimeko ezahlukeneyo ukulwa, ekhubekisayo ukuzithethelela. Isandla iziqhushumbisi Russia kunye eSoviet Union ndizenzele iziqu.

Le iziqhushumbisi Soviet ekhubekisayo

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, amajoni ethu phezu kukuvela (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokwemiqathango yokhuselo) kusetyenziswa frag RGN kunye RG-42. Xa igama sokuqhumisa RGN wada waveza injongo yaso ephambili (ngesandla sokuqhumisa ukulinyazwa). RG-42 wayehluke imilo ikakhulu zejometri (cylinder), kwaye ubukho phakathi kwezindlu liqengqiwe umcu kuhlinzwa notshi oluthi luqokelelane kukuqhushumba inani elikhulu ngamaqhekeza. iziqhushumbisi iifyuzi kwilizwe lethu ngokwamandulo nobunye ukuze kube lula ukusetyenziswa kunye nemveliso.

RG-42 waba ibhatyi evuthelweyo kunye iziphelo hemispherical kananjalo izinto ezifakelwa ezizodwa, yahlulwe amacandelo amancinane. Zombini Iisampulu nqa eqela labasebenzi kumgama owela ngaphakathi kwama-25 eemitha. Eminye nenguqulo RG-42 kwakhokelela lula eso sakhiwo.

Ngexesha lemfazwe, iziqhushumbisi kwenziwa kunye iifyuzi okunokuthi isebenze kuphela intlawulo iphambili emva kwexesha elithile, kodwa ebudeni impembelelo. Olu phawu kuyilo kwandisa umngcipheko ukusetyenziswa yokulwa kuthetha, ngoko kuphuhliso ngakumbi ngomgaqo we-detonation kukothuka nabayili Soviet bamshiya.

RGD-5

Ngowe-1954, i-kwezikhali ka Soviet Army lesandla RGD-5 savunywayo. It wabonakalisa efanayo izichazi ukuba phantse zonke iisampuli zobugcisa wokhuselo zasekhaya. Kuyinto elula, ethembekileyo kwaye yempucuko. amava wokulwa lubonise ukuba indalo le mali ngokugqithiseleyo submunitions engenakusebenza, kwanele kwaye ezo amaqhekeza akhiwa ngexesha ukutshatyalaliswa iqokobhe engaphandle, ezenziwe ngentsimbi entle.

Hand sokuqhumisa RGD kunye nedatha yayo Committe nobugcisa kufutshane ezihlangwini yayo RGN, kodwa iphephe, ekubeni akukho nto umlilo phezu impembelelo. Kulula kakhulu ukuba, ukongeza ubunzima bayo (0.31 kg) kwaye owela ngaphakathi kwama-ukubhabha amaqhekeza (25-35 m), kwaye usixelele into okungakumbi ngalo akukho nto. Kunjalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhankanye ixesha dubulo ukulibaziseka (4 imizuzwana) kuphela, kodwa kuxhomekeke iimpawu enobunye zitshone.

F-1

F-1 RGD-5 - ezimbini iziqhushumbisi zixhaphakileyo isandla Russian. ahluke kwinjongo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iimpawu zayo zobugcisa. Hand sokuqhumisa F-1 - omzimba, nokuba ngayo kwaziwa ukuba kusetyenziswa ukutshabalalisa kwaMandla oLuntu utshaba. Ezimbini kwezi ngongoma ziyalela ngokuphindwe kabini ubunzima kakhulu. Ngokutsho data yokundwendwela, amaqhekeza bahlasele 200 mitha, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kutshabalalisa bonke ubomi phakathi kwesi sangqa. Wawubulala amathuba na bomzimba ngokomlinganiselo umgama ukusuka kumbindi womhlaba, lo mthetho ukwasebenza isandla iziqhushumbisi. Russia, hayi kanye mandithi, semkhosini lizwe, efuna iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ukukhusela nomdla wesizwe, yaye namhlanje kukho kude izixhobo ngempumelelo ngakumbi elihamba. Noko ke, kukho iindidi ixesha oluvavanyiweyo iziqhushumbisi kusekwangoko kakhulu ukulibala.

ezifanayo

F1 ngesandla sokuqhumisa njenge RGD-5, kwisixhobo yahlukile kwiskim oluqhelekileyo. Izindlu izaliswe iziqhushumbisi - TNT. Mass iintlobo zayo ezahlukeneyo ezimbini. Kubonakala ngathi ingqushu usichithachithe enzima, kuthatha ngaphezulu TNT. Enyanisweni oku kuyinyaniso, kukuba kubalulekile ukuba 'iihempe' ukubamba iziqhushumbisi ngaphakathi kwi Iyadubula. Ngoko ke, isiqhushumbisi isandla F1 iqulethe ubunzima encinci neziqhushumbisi, kunye nomzimba onzima. ukutsha kakhulu olupheleleyo TNT unika ukukhawulezisa efunekayo ngamaqhekeza eziphaphazelayo. Nangona amandla aphezulu waphosa intsimbi, asinako ukulindela ukuba zonke baya kusabela weziqhushumbisi, kwakunye ekutshatyalalisweni sikipa qwaba inotshi eyenzelwe, leyo kunciphisa ukukwazi kwentlawulo zobubi. Hand sokuqhumisa RGD-5 phantse izihlandlo ezithathu ngaphantsi ubunzima yonke iqulathe 110 grams ye TNT. Into eqhelekileyo zoyilo ezimbini isetyenziswa UZRGM fuse. Le leta "U" imela "olufanayo." Le fowuni Ilula wayo, ezichaza umsebenzi omkhulu ukuthembeka.

kanjani fuse

Ukuze actuate i garnet ukudutyulwa indawo F-1 RGD-5 idla asebenza esibumbeneyo ziphuculwe UZRGM fuse ziqulathe indlela yesandi. Ngaphakathi kuyo kukho isiciko ukhonza zicace isigxina engundoqo. Xa kuvulwa ukuba fuse imeko yezothutho, ivaliwe ngesiciko zeplastikhi ugcina iziqhushumbisi ukusuka ukungena ubumdaka okanye esantini. Indlela ebukekayo kakhulu silungiselelwa ngokohlobo ityhubhu, banikwe bushings, washer (besenza umsebenzi isisikhokelo), i kobethileyo komnyaka, lever asibambe le cotter nokuqiniseka. Ngokutsho Umgaqo yayo yokusebenza iyafana kumnini fuse eqhelekileyo, kuphela amandla ngaphantsi. Wayebonakala ukuba zokudubula kungena kwikhabhinethi, umgubo jet berhasi eshushu emva isikhonkwane inaliti ukudutyulwa kuhlaba primer. Ukuze ukunika amandla eyaneleyo agciniweyo yi spring sentsimbi ukwazi, onako yimani nkqo xa kokurholwa ukuphepha pin kwaye khupha eligaqa.

Emva kuvusa primer kwi ityhubhu iqalisa ukuba angayitshisi incwadi bar umgubo. Oku ithatha imizuzwana ezine, yaye kufike ithuba lomnye isingxobo ekuthiwa yokuqhumisa. Njengoko igama layo lixela, nguye lowo; ubasa intlawulo engundoqo.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngumgubo okhethekileyo ezinomthamo eliphezulu Ammonium Nitrate kusetyenziswa kuyilo fuse. Kunokuba aqhumisele ngesantya esifanayo (1 cm / s) ukuba enesimo ukuba kwamanzi.

Izibhengezo nemigibe

utshaba okhohlisayo eRetreat okanye nokuqhuba izenzo Uyalwa ingasetyenziswa neziqhushumbisi kwiindawo imigodi. Amaxhoba ngamaqhinga onjalo ube amajoni esitha zamajoni, ngoko ukuba kufuphi ngaphambili, kufuneka balumke ngokukhethekileyo. Indlela iqhelekileyo imigodi na streamer ekuthiwa, nto leyo isiqhushumbisi (amaninzi RGD-5) ezinzileyo kunye ngoncedo kwezibonelelo ezikhoyo emthini, ehlathini okanye ezinye iinkcukacha ze landscape, kunye ucingo ukuba elinye icala walutshixa ukuya itshekhi-umsesane, kunye nezinye - nawuphi na enye into engenakususwa. iitshekhi zazibekwe ngaxeshanye zenzeka, kwaye bar nokhuseleko sikwimo free. Le ndlela karma abangekaphuhli anamava ukubona ngoko nangoko.

Imigibe amalungiselelo noko ngolunye uhlobo. Kwenzeke (RGD-5 okanye F-1) eziqulethwe kwi indawo ukudutyulwa (incothulwe kunye cotter) ingqamana kwi elitywinwe eyenziwe emhlabeni. Isibiyeli ngexesha kokurhweba ukubambelela ukuze ukucinezwelwa kuso nasiphi na isifundo umdla yotshaba. Ngoko ke, ehlola indawo entsha esiyi, asikwazi iphathwayo izixhobo aphoswe, izixhobo okanye iibhokisi apho, wavele, i ukutya okanye iyeza. Kungcono itayi intambo kwizinto nokusola abanye, apho kwaye uye nabo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.

Siyathemba ukuba xa isebenze le iziqhushumbisi lixesha apho ukwazi ukulawula ukuba ukubaleka, akukho mfuneko. Kukho ifaka ezongezelelweyo ukuba ziqinisiwe endaweni retarder eqhelekileyo, xa izakufunyanwa bevakalise dubulo nangoko.

ingozi ngokukhethekileyo ekusoluleni nezibatha abantwana nabafikisayo.

Iintsomi người

Bhanya, njengokuba sisazi, ubugcisa Ekhaya, kodwa indlala kwayo uphawu phezu-picturesqueness amanyathelo.

Umzekelo, kuzinze amaNazi wenzeka ashukumisa indlela umxhelo, bawurhuqa isikhonkwane kunye nokukhulula yabalindi adubule. Isimo esinjalo ebomini akunakwenzeka. Le fowuni i lesandla akuthethi kuthi ukusetyenziswa cwaka. Kuye kwakho iinzame ukwenza yokuqhumisa cwaka, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ingozi ophezulu ngokusebenzisa Iimboniselo ezinjalo balile kubo. A fuse lesandla kwixesha lokuphendula wenza bang entle elikhulu, emva koko eqalisa esibuyel'emva neyalekelwayo ezishiyekileyo phambi kokuba dubulo.

Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo umkhwa omhle abanye abalinganiswa movie ukutsala amazinyo pin. Oku nzima nje, akunakwenzeka, kwanokuba pre-ukuqondisa wire. Ehleli ukholosile khangela, ngoko ke umthi kwenza imigudu eninzi.

Kucacile kwaye umnqweno yomlawuli ukuba ukwenza uhlobo dubulo isiqhushumbisi saseHiroshima. Enyanisweni ikhala, Kakade ke, ngokuvakalayo, kodwa kwilizwe elivulekileyo ayikho omkhulu kangaka. Njengemiqulu yomsi abamnyama unyuka usiya ezulwini, kakhulu, ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo anayenza, ngaphandle kokuba, kakade, kuqhuma angazange azitshise yokugcina isibaso.

Hand sokuqhumisa - a malopredskazuemy isixhobo ukusebenza kwawo ekubulaweni. Kwakukho iimeko xa abantu asinda, wasondelelana kakhulu ukuba dubulo yayo elinye ukubulawa kwamashumi kweemitha kuye elaqhekeka ngamaxesha athile kwi buyaphela. kakhulu kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwimeko ...