SAM "Strela-10": Iimpawu

"Strela-10" yeyona wekratshi zobunjineli Soviet emkhosini. Anti-moya enomjukujelwa ebekwe kunye nezikhokelo 9K35, owayekwabizwa ngokuba ulwahlulohlulo American njengoko Gopher SA-13, yaye yenzelwe ukuba ukuhlola elibala kwaye sizitshabalalise naziphi na izinto ibitheni kwiindawo ezise eliphantsi. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, enezakhiwo ngokuphindaphindiweyo yala maxesha.

History of indalo

Le projekthi lokuqala loo emkhosini eSoviet kunye nenkxaso ye-Central Committee CPSU yaba SAM "Strela-10 SV". Imoto wadalwa ngokusekelwe proven kakuhle 9K31 imodeli yangaphambili. I "Arrow 1" athatyathwa zonke iimpawu eziphambili kunye nabanye kuyasetyenzwa kwakhona ngocoselelo kwimfezeko.

NgoJanuwari 1973 baqalisa Sivavanya iseti entsha kweemeko ezilawulwa yengqongqo yona. SAM ayikhange uluphumelele uvavanyo lokuqala. Council Military, kwagqitywa ukuguqula le modeli ukuya 9K35. Ngoko ekupheleni kuka-1974 kwakukho "Strela-10" ekukhanyeni. SAM (bona ifoto. Ngezantsi), sele idlule zonke iimvavanyo intsimi, ukuba basabele ngendlela elungileyo umbuzo wokuba ingaba ukuqhubeka projekthi. Eyona ethile ephambili ezintsonkothileyo iphuculiweyo inkqubo yolawulo imijukujelwa anti-moya. Ngokutsho uphando, amathuba betha ekujoliswe nomphakamo m 1,500 ngokuchanileyo ibe malunga nama-60%. iziphumo efanayo kwavezwa kwaye SAM ukuya uluhlu ukudubula buchasene phezu kwendawo yonke uhlaselo. Ngowe-1975 9M31 enomjukujelwa waye waphucuka kunye nenkqubo ukhokelo infrared. Emva kokuba iimvavanyo rhoqo kunye ziqwalasele ukuthembeka "Strela-10" ezifakwa inkonzo. Ngowe-1976 Wamisa imveliso ezibanzi izithuthi entsha yokulwa.

Umsebenzi nenjongo

SAM "Arrow 10 '9K35 ekwaziyo ukusebenza ngendlela imo ezenzekelayo. Ngelo xesha bamkelekile kunye ekujoliswe nolwabiwo kusetyenzwa ngabaqhubi ulawulo manual. Ubhaqo bezinto yotshaba eyenziwa ngoonomathotholo indlela njengevyufayinda kwi stand-alone mode. Uhlaselo lwenziwa kuphela kwi iithagethi kumbono olubonakalayo lwe zakhiwo.

SAM "Strela-10" ilungiselelwe ukukhusela iiyunithi vehicles kunye regiments nomkhosi ezizimoto, kwakunye amajoni ngeenyawo kunye amanqaku abaluleke ukusuka izisongelo umoya ezise ezisezantsi. kokusebenza kwawo ukuze kwenziwe ngexesha hambo, nkqu ngexesha kutshintshwe dislocation. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo eziyintloko imbaxa ubukho chips zovavanyo oluzenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo ivalela yokuphazanyiswa ukubetha emgudu munye. Ngexesha uhlaziyo lokugqibela 9M37M rocket ufumene intloko okhethekileyo athwale inkqubo nkongomiso ingxolo optical. Intloko iquka abasebenzi isikhululo izixhobo kunye yolwamkelo ezijolise zilungelelanise, remote control of umatshini nezixhobo.

iimpawu yokusebenza

E SAM "Strela-10" iimpawu yokusebenza ukushukumiseka ezahlukeneyo kunye nesantya yokusabela. Ixesha projectile ilungele sungula isusela kwisekhondi-5 ukuya kweli-10, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu. Ekujoliswe isikhundla reception kwenzeka kwimizuzwana 3-5. Ubugqwetha data azimuth ukuya into kumgama km-6 ukuya 25 degrees 1.5 kuphela.

Kwakhona ofanele e SAM "Strela-10" iimpawu uluhlu badubula. Umgama esiphezulu nokujoliswe kuko kunye wawubulala amathuba kwi 99,5% ngokulinganayo km-5. Kulo mzekelo, indawo ziyahluka ukusuka 25 eemitha ukuya 3500. Buchasene enomjukujelwa Velocity imalunga 1500 km / h, emva - up to 1100 km / h. Ngenxa yoko, le ingqalelo yezinto nomoya kumgama 12,000 m.

Useto Translation ukuba uhamba kwisikhundla ukudutyulwa kuthatha imizuzwana ngaphantsi kwama-20. ixesha recharge ezipheleleyo (4 imijukujelwa) ngeenxa 2-3 imizuzu. Ukuwa kuthetha esebenzayo zomkhosi kuthatha imizuzu-3. Ubunzima bubonke SAM "Utolo 10" - 12.3 m Kulo mzekelo, umatshini linokufikelela ngesantya intshukumo emhlabeni ukuya ku 61,5 km / h, wasiyeka -. 6 km / h.

le complex

Icandelo ephambili SAM "Strela-10" yeyona zilwe isithuthi 9A35 Series. It wadalwa ngokusekelwe of mobile base MT-LB. Ekuhambeni langoku yanyuswa izixhobo, nto leyo uyalala ukuya ku-4 SAM ukufaka 4 imijukujelwa abangenzi nto ngalo eli gumbi imithwalo. Ukuphucuka nokubaxhobisela indlela ukhokelo izalwe. Ngoku, isakhiwo eso ukhuselwe-7.62 mm umatshini gun into ezifakelwe izixhobo ekwinqwelo zombane.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba SAM kukho uxinzelelo ephantsi kakhulu kumphezulu womhlaba, ngoko ke ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo endleleni, kumgxobhozo, isanti, ikhephu kunye namanzi. Chassis esekelwe ukumiswa bar torsion, enika imoto ngobuqhophololo extra nekhondo yobuciko. Ngenxa kule isisombululo maxa wambi kwandisa imvula ukuchaneka ukuqina ezininzi inkqubo start-up. Ngomhla isiseko ergonomics aluchaphazeli gear nanceba kunye nezixhobo. Uvavanyo izenzo inkqubo yokuphonononga zone 9S86. Esi sixhobo senzelwe Ubhaqo ekujoliswe, kwaye amisele iziphoso zawo izikhundla yokubala ekuqaleni SAM. Kuba uhlalutyo loluhlu lwemisebenzi zomkhosi lihambisana telemeter ekhethekileyo elektroniki.

kwezikhali complex

Le submunitions eziphambili SAM "Utolo 10" ezi ngexabiso esiqinileyo 9M37 uhlobo zenithal. Iqokobhe yenzelwe ukuba i "uyida-." Homing intloko iye imo ezimbini channel, ukuqinisekisa ulawulo ngokupheleleyo indlela umlinganiselo. Lokuqala SAM uzama ukufikelela usukelo kwimowudi photo, umahluko. Ukuba le ndlela zange ukunika iziphumo, ngoko intloko reprogrammed kwi navigation infrared. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba uphendule efanayo mobile Dogon kunye counter Injongo.

Ukupholisa imijukujelwa chip isebenzisa nitrogen engamanzi, nto leyo ligcinwa kwizikhongozeli ezizodwa, athungwe kungena istili. Oku kuthintela ekuqaleni kulogo ucinezelo fuse. Kwimeko apho ukungaphumeleli enye ekujoliswe iindlela isikhokelo, navigation manual kuthatha umqhubi, ethumela idatha radar ngezikhali. Kuba SAM ailerons isantya kumkhawulela ekhethekileyo fixed emva amaphiko. Bona kuphelele njengokujikeleza emboxo le projectile. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba warhead 9M37 exhotyiswe i iifyuzi okuzenzekelayo zoqhagamshelwano. Nale enomjukujelwa self-destructs xa i miss.

ukuguqulwa ezinkulu

Eli bhotwe yokuqala iphuculwe ukwahluka SAM "Utolo M-10". ufakelo Indexing - 9K35M. A phawu uphawu lo mfuziselo ubukho intloko entsha ukhokelo imizili guided. Ngoku ukubeka nkqubo ikhetha izinto ukutshabalalisa kuba nokufumaneka necala. Oku kunciphisa ingozi oluwe ingxolo emgibeni.

Model "Strela-10 M2" lifumene inkqubo yokulwa ehlaziyiweyo. Injongo yale langoku kukunyusa ukusebenza kunye automation ye ihamile. Ngoku ntengiso isuka ibhetri DB-12m kunye neenkqubo air zokhuselo. data Radar zaqinisekiswa, kwaye wenza phezu yesandi receiver. Kwathiwa isigqibo emacaleni kumatshini ukulungisa eYafo lyu.

Ukulungisa i "Strela-10 M3" ezifakwa inkonzo ngo-1989. Kukho ukugqitywa avelele kuphela izixhobo kwi-ebhodini. Le modeli kunye ileta "M4" ifunyenwe kwi ekupakishweni eyandisiweyo umatshini capture, iyunithi scan, inkqubo umfanekiso thermal kunye nabenzi boluvo tracking target. "Arrow T-10" imele Belarus ukhetho ufakelo. Lokubandakanyeka kuphuhliso NGO "Tetrahedron". Ngenxa Ngenxa yotshintsho avionics kwakhona 1TM inkqubo enombala, izixhobo navigation ezitsha yaye kuphuculwe becomputing chip yedijithali.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kule minyaka ebesoloko phantsi ukuba ukuguqulwa imijukujelwa. Inguqulo entsha rocket, ifanele ezintsonkothileyo "Strela-10" waba 9M333. Umahluko eziphambili ezivela ophelileyo inkqubo ukhokelo imo-3 kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo ekuphazanyisweni.

isicelo yokulwa

SAM uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo yasetyenziswa ukuze aphelise ungquzulwano bendawo Angola ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya. Ngokutsho data lokuqala, xa ukulahlwa omkhosi kwamazwe Afrika malunga izithuthi zomkhosi elinesibini.

Kwakhona, i "Strela-10" yenye izixhobo ephambili zomkhosi nePersian Gulf ngo-1991. SAM aza kuthatha inxaxheba kule ukusebenza "Desert Storm". Ukusetyenziswa anti-moya complex wanika Iraq inzuzo okungephi emoyeni. Kutsha nje, iinkqubo kuba bandakanyeka kuphela ungquzulwano yamakhaya Ukraine kufuphi LNR kunye DNR.

ukusebenza kwamanye amazwe

Kwinkonzo ye-Russian Federation yi "Strela-10" yoqobo kunye zimfundiso malunga 500.

Kwi cala kumazwe ke, kukho indawo yokuqala Belarus. Ekuchithweni kwayo umalunga 350 9K35. India kwindawo yesibini kunye neenkqubo-250. Ukraine ithatha indawo yesithathu kunye nenkqubo 150 umoya wokhuselo ngezikhali.

Kwakhona phakathi kwamazwe kuthenga rhoqo ukusuka Russian 9K35, ukuvela, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Angola, Yemen, Cuba, Macedonia, Slovakia, eSiriya, Libya, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, i-Czech Republic, Serbia kunye nabanye.