Ntaka iyabhabha oko ephakame? Ubukhulu yokuphakama usiwe

Kuba usiwe (ntaka), indawo eliphezulu ixhomekeke ezimbini "Isilingi ': eme ndawonye nabanamandla. Kwimeko yokuqala sithetha emcela nkqo kuphela nge ivili. Le rate idla elisezantsi. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ephakamisa isebenza kwaye ngokusebenzisa ngezikhonkwane, yaye ngenxa isantya intshukumo yomgama. Kwimeko enjalo ke kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuvuka ngasentla.

Usiwe: Iimpawu

-Moya lift amandla eyenziwe ngenxa isantya kunye nephiko uqwalaselo. Ihluke ntaka liphuma. indawo obukhulu kunqabile idlula 3000-3500 m. Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa zesityalo amandla ivili. Isantya asifani nenqwelo-moya, kodwa ntaka lula ukuthatha ngaphandle ngokubaleka, hlala kwi-moya ezingalungiselelwanga, hambisa endaweni, ukuhamba emacaleni.

Ngokutsho umyalelo, nabaqhubi musa uyicime i-injini ngexesha kokufika kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezindaweni kweemitha 3,000. operation oqhelekileyo uninzi ntaka kwimo oluqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuya ku 4.5 leekhilomitha. Ngaphezu koku umbundu, umoya uba inqabe yabe bendiza kufuneka inikwe kokuthintela engile kokuhlaselwa. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko zongxamiseko.

uhlobo

Kuba i ukuzimisela kwinjongo amanani kufuneka yabelwe, loluphi uhlobo lwe-ntaka. indawo obukhulu zingacwangciswa ukuba subclasses ezine iinqwelo-ntaka, kuba leyo babelane International naseMajuku Federation (Fai), ngokungqinelana ne-iimpawu zoyilo.

Koko ntaka, gyroplanes kodwa sizimisele apho plane zaseprayimari ayitshintshi kwaye kuphela engile ukuthambeka isetyenziswa ukwenza ukuyiphakamisa. Enye subclass - tiltrotor. Ezi ngezikhonkwane kunye iinjini ngexesha isuka zijonge phezulu kwaye xa ibhabha oxwesileyo zijikeleziswe yaye usetyenziswa moya. Ngokwahlukeneyo ekwanti subclass rotorcraft, apho ku tswala amandla ukunyusa ngaphezu plane zamabanga aphantsi, kunye kwicala moya ashukimisayo esetyenziswa kwi izindlu (amaphiko).

Kodwa bonke ntaka bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amahlanu, kuxhomekeke ubunzima athathe-off: 500 kg ukuya 4500 kg. Ukongeza, isigqibo uhlobo khona: yamakhaya okanye umkhosi. Phakathi kwabo, subclasses ngamnye, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo ethile nga kukhululwa: izithuthi, multi-injongo, yokukhangela nokuhlangula, nemililo, ezolimo, ntaka, milenge kunye nabanye.

Ntaka: indawo eliphezulu

Zombini "Uphahla 'eme ndawonye neguquguqukayo akhoo aseludinini. Izithintelo ukuba ezibekwe ukuchaza imida ngaphaya leyo inokukhokelela ukuphazamiseka komoya evela ivili. rotorcraft nentembelo igcinwe emoyeni undizela ukuya ku 4500 m kunye kwenkcazo ubuninzi "eluphahleni" kwi oomatshini ngamnye ukuya ku-6 km.

Ubude liphezulu yeflayithi ntaka, wabhala ingxelo ngokupheleleyo kweemitha 12442. Oluzinzileyo balloonist yakhe French Zhan Bule. Lakhe Aerospatiale «Lama», ubhekisela subclass "ntaka", wakwazi ukoyisa kumgca ngekhilomitha-12 ngo-1972. Lo moya ingaba lingakubulala, ngokuba ukuphakama apho lobushushu ngezantsi - 60 ° C, injini bama. Umqhubi kwafuneka ukuba ucwangcise omnye irekhodi - ukwehla ubuninzi kwi eziphakamileyo imo autorotation plane ephambili.

-Ntaka "Shark"

Amukela Umatshini plane ezimbini kunye ilungiselelo yafakwa kubo - Ka-50 - abe silingi static, iimpawu ezithile zobugcisa kwinqanaba kweemitha 4000. Le iyenzeka liphezulu le ntaka "Shark" the Dynamics banokuba iimitha ukuya ku 5500. Flight Isantya ingami - 260 km / h, kwicala - 80 km / h, emva - up to 90 km / h. Ukuphakama abuthe ikwimo-28 m / s. Akwazi ukwenza epheleleyo "noyi yomtya", nangona oku kushenxa iyingozi ngenxa amathuba aphezulu ngezikhonkwane kokubethwa.

Thelekisa, indawo iphezulu Mi-26 6500 m, lo gama i-Mi-28 -. 5800 m US Apache AH-64 ukuya phezulu ukuya kwiimitha 6400 yala maxesha Ka-52 "Alligator", kwakunye "Shark". ebhabhela ka-5700 m.