Indiza ngumcimimlilo. History kwaye babhale

imililo ezinkulu-isikali, zombini imvelaphi zendalo anthropogenic, bamele ingxaki enkulu kwizibonelelo ehlathini belizwe, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, kokusingqongileyo ngokubanzi, yaye baphathe isoyikiso ngqo ukuba ubomi babantu. Lo msebenzi usisiseko ngenqwelomoya lomlilo - ukubhaqwa, ukuthengwa kunye lomqhubi ngokukhawuleza kwemililo kwiindawo ezinkulu.

abacimi ezinamaphiko. ekuqaleni

Olu tyeshelo yokuqala Ityala Nokwethisa i element umlilo (amahlathi Shatura, ummandla eMoscow) eyenziwe ehlotyeni ka-1932 biplane U-2. Bayangena nobushushu ukuba zibhubhisa kunye ikhemikali kuqamba okhethekileyo. Kwakhona, lo moya firefighter yokuqala mayixhotyiswe, itanki elineelitha-200 spray apho isisombululo ezikhethekileyo, ukudala iziqwenga ithala ukuba kuthintela ukusasazeka komlilo. Iziphumo ezanelisayo, kodwa uchaza imiyalelo engundoqo yophuhliso Aviation umlilo zokucima technology.

UMlilo Aviation USSR

Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane ngokubonakalayo zazisebenzisela ngokuba esweni imeko umlilo, ukuthutha abantu kunye nempahla ukuba iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo moya ezininzi AN-2. Imoto moya Fire AN-2P, nako ukubahlangula ukuya kwindawo umlilo amatanki Iilitha ezingama 1240 okanye isisombululo zolwelo - Ngowe-1964, yaye iphuhlise imodeli ezizodwa.

Ngasekupheleni nenani-80 moya butho ihlathi umlilo wongeze EDO isemoyeni baxhotyiswa izixhobo zangaphandle nokuzaliswa amanzi ukuya kwi-2. AN-26P waba amatanki ezimbini ezinjalo, AN-32P - ezine. AN-32P FAIRKILLER ingakumbi ukwahlula xa imililo ukucima e iCrimea (1993) kunye Portugal (1994).

Emva kokuwa eSoviet Union kunye ukuyilwa ngo-1994 xa i-Russian likaxakeka Ubulungiseleli airmobile iqela ethunywe elinye moya firefighter --IL 76TD.

Edreyi ixesha

Ukucima imililo kwiindawo ezinkulu le ID 76TD doukomplektovyvayut VAP ezimbini (amatanki zokutshiza), umthamo opheleleyo we-42 ^m3. Ministry of Iimeko Emergency wafumana wayenomkhosi ezintlanu ezifana neemoto. ekuhlaseleni amanzi ezichuliweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo asetyenziswa ukujongana ignitions ezinkulu Sakhalin, iyavuma Territory kunye Trans-izimvu kunye nommandla Amur kunye Primorye.

Umsebenzi combat sele lubonise iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Kuba iinkcukacha kunye nophuhliso unique noshowo VAP-2 ube ngaphezulu lee zonke ezikhoyo ngelo okulinganayo - umlilo moya onokubangela obhobhozayo omkhulu wamanzi imizuzwana nje-4 ukusuka ukuphakama kuyimitha 50. Kodwa sikude kakhulu kuzo zokuchopha olufunekayo kule udidi ubude oomatshini moya, ukunqongophala iziseko ukudla namanzi ngendlela esehlisa kakhulu.

emanzini

igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lomlilo moya lwasekhaya bazisa ziingcali eTaganrog Aviation Complex. Beriev. moya emanzini umlilo kuqala-12P-200 iye yavavanywa ngo-1996.

izikhongozeli ezibini 6 m ^3, yahlulwe kubini kunye kwezivalo azimeleyo zifakwe kwi fuselage lo matshini. Ibhodi ifakwe ukulawula yokulinganisa esimbaxa ukubeka esweni ezisingqongileyo, izixhobo uncedo impembelelo amanzi. Njengoko lo moya ithatha umlilo amanzi? Kukho iindlela ezimbini. Eyokuqala ifumaneka kwiinqwelomoya yonke - kokufaka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya. Ngenkxaso technical Yiba-12P faka elungileyo kangangesiqingatha seyure. Indlela yesibini - kwimo planing phezu kwamanzi - ezele ngamanzi amatanki kuphela zamasele. Kwangelo efanayo-12P, le nkqubo kuthatha imizuzwana 14-16.

Ukususela ngo-2012, ukulwa umlilo kunye nemiba ngemiba yezemfundo Yiba-200ES. zibiza ixesha planing oko lancipha imizuzwana 12. ukukhutshwa kwamanzi Parede kuthatha ngaphantsi kwe owesibini. iitanki amafutha Full, moya emanzini kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ndiwanikela nombindi umlilo ngaphezu kweetoni kwe-300 zamanzi.