Izibonelelo ezizodwa zeTatarstan: zendalo, iimyuziyamu

Kwintsimi yaseTatarstan, kunye nakwiindawo ezininzi zaseRashiya, kukho indawo yolondolozo lwendalo kunye nemithombo yolondolozo yemvelo, apho iindawo eziqhelekileyo zeendawo zendalo nezembali zigcinwa.

Iindawo ezigcinwe kwiRiphabhliki yaseTatarstan: iVolzhsko-Kamsky, iNational Lower Kama Park, kunye neendawo ezininzi ezibhalisiweyo.

Ewonke, indawo ezikhuselekile zihlala malunga ne-1% yendawo yonke yeRiphabliki, engabalulekanga. Ukwanda kweso sayithi kweli lizwe ngumsebenzi omkhulu kumgangatho welizwe.

Inkcazelo emfutshane yeVolga-Kama Nature Reserve

I-Volga-Kama Reserve iquka indawo engama-hektare ayi-10. Intsimi yayo ifuphi kwimilambo emikhulu i-Kama neVolga. Ubume beengqungquthela ezikhethekileyo zeeriphabliki zizityebi kwiintlobo ezininzi zeentlobo zezilwanyana nezilwanyana.

Le ndawo yokugcinwa kwemvelo yodwa yodwa yohlobo lwayo kwintsimi yaseTatarstan. Iqulethwe ngamacandelo amabini: uRaifa (malunga nama-hektare amawaka angama-6) kunye ne-Saralovsky (ngaphezu kwama-hektare angama-4).

I-flora yale ndawo ibandakanya kuphela iintlobo eziyi-844 zezityalo ze-vascular (kubandakanywa iintlobo ezingama-51 zezihlahla kunye nezihlahla). Kwakhona apha ziphawulwe kwaye zintlobo ezinqabileyo ezivela kwiBlack Red Book yaseRashiya: intloko ebomvu impova, isithweba, i-lily saranka njalonjalo.

Indawo yeRaifa ibonakala iminyaka engama-300 yokutyala imithi yepine. Eyona nto iyingqayizivele apha yi-dedrosad, equlethe ngeentlobo ezi-500 zezityalo ezivela kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo zomhlaba. Amachibi asemvelo akhona kunye nobuhle bemvelo.

Isayithi likaSaralovsky liphawulekayo lokuba lihleli ngamagundane amhlophe-tailed afakwe kwi-International Red Book. Yonke iYurophu akukho nanye indawo enjalo kunye noxinzelelo lweentaka ezingapheliyo. Iibhozo ezisibhozo zeentaka ze-eagles kwindawo engama-hektare angama-4 kuphela.

I-museum yaseburhulumenteni yelizwe eliyingqayizivele yaseTatarstan nayo inomdla omkhulu. Ezinye zazo zichazwe ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi.

IsiBulgaria State State Historical and Architectural State Museum-Reserve

Luhlobo lombuso wembali ohlala kwingingqi ye-Middle Volga kunye nomlambo wase-Kama (i-X-XIII inkulungwane). Yadalwa ngowe-1969. Le yindawo enkulu endala kwiTatarstan.

Inkqantosi yaseBulgaria yiyona ngqophiso yehlabathi yonxweme yesakhiwo seSilamsi seMinyaka ephakathi. Isikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele kwihlabathi lifaka ubungqina kwiindawo zasendulo ezingapheliyo - iVolga yaseBulgaria kunye ne-Golden Horde. Ubungqina benkcubeko esalala, indlela yokuphila kula maxesha.

Apha, ngexesha lokuphanda, ezininzi zifunyenwe zifunyenwe kwaye ziqhubeka zibonakaliswa: iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zamaxesha amandulo, indawo zendoda yasendulo.

Iimyuziyamu-ezigcinwe kwiTatarstan zizaliswa ngokubonakaliswa kwezinto eziphambili zezinto ezifunyenweyo ngexesha lokuphandwa okungapheliyo kule ndawo.

Sviyazhsk Isiqithi

E-Zelenodolsky isithili saseTatarstan kukho islette encinane kufuphi ne-confluence yemilambo yaseShchuki neSviyaga.

Isichotho sesiqithi saziwa malunga neminyaka engama-500. Ukuqala kweSviyazhsk kuvela kwinqaba. Ngo-1551, emva kwetshaba, yakhiwa (ngenyanga nje kuphela). Ndiyabulela kuye, inkulu yeKazan Khanate yawa.

Namhlanje, kuphela iThedral Cathedral igcinwe kule ntsimi. Ngelo xesha, inkonzo yenziwa phambi koIvan the Terrible ngokwakhe ngaphambi kokubanjwa kweKazan.

Namhlanje i-Sviyazhsk yinkqonkqo ethandwa kakhulu kwi-republic.

"I-Old Kazan" ("I-Iske Kazan")

Iimyuziyamu-ezigcinwe kwiTatarstan zithwala imbali yokuqala kobomi babantu baseTatar (kwaye kungekhona kuphela), ukwakheka kwenkcubeko, inkolo.

"I-Old Kazan" ithathwa njengento yokuqala kwimbali yeTatarstan yamanje. Ezi ziindawo ezingcwele kunqulo lwa maSulumane. Lawa mazwe, iinduli namatye, anokufumana iimpendulo kwimibandela emininzi.

I-Kazan yidolophu ene-1000 edlulileyo. Kwakuba kube yindawo encinane kuphela yokuhlala. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo wobudlelwane phakathi ko "Old" kunye "neNtsha" i-Kazan iphikisana.

Ubukho be-Old Age (Iske) yaseKazan bubonakaliswa yinqaba yamandulo, ehlala kwiidolophana ezintathu: Kamayevo, iTatar Aisha kunye neRussia Urmat (isithili saseVoskogorsky).

Ngokomlando, isixeko sakhiwe ngabaphathi beBulgaria (u-Altyn-bek oneminyaka elisixhenxe ubudala kunye no-Alim-bey oneminyaka elithoba ubudala). Yakhelwe kwiKazanka (ekufikeleleni phezulu), apho okwakubakho okwakhiwa khona i-bend enkulu (iholide). Iimpawu zendawo yangaphandle zifana ne-half-boiler (isikhumba esisiqingatha). Ngenxa yoko igama le sixeko.

Enhle iKazzan Kremlin

Ukugcinwa kwembali kwenkcubeko yaseTatarstan ekubunjweni kwayo kunomtsalane omkhulu kunye neRiphabhlikhi - iKazzan Kremlin. Yona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwilifa lemveli yeli republic.

Inqaba yinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo zobugcisa zaseTatar naseRashiya.
Oku kubandakanya izakhiwo ezilandelayo: i- Kazan Kremlin (i-X-XVI iiklasi), ilitye le-Kremlin (i-XVI-XVIII iikholeji.) Kwaye nezinye ezininzi izakhiwo zokwakha (i-XVI-XIX yeenkulungwane.).

Inqweneleka kakhulu yintonga "yokuwa" yeSyuyumbike, eyakhiwa ngu-Ivan the Terrible (1552) emva kokubanjwa kweKazan. Ngale nqaba ewayo ekhoyo kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neengcamango.

Kwintsimi yeKremlin kukho iimyuziyam kunye nemibukiso. I-Kazan Kremlin eyingqayizivele yikhumbuzo esingumlando phantsi kwe-UNESCO.

Izibonelelo zeSizwe zeTatarstan zithatha ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neziganeko zembali zamandulo, malunga nenkcubeko, amasiko kunye nezithethe zabantu.