Isondlo Enteral - ntoni na? umxube zokondla kwizigulane kwixesha postoperative

Kubomi kukho iimeko ezahlukeneyo xa omdala asikwazi ukuthatha ukutya ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Oku kwenzeka ubukhulu becala emva kotyando. Ngeli ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo umntu akakwazi ukuba idle kwaye ekhwela ukwetyisa ukutya. Kodwa ngeli xesha isigulane sidinga ukubonelelwa ngokuqhubekayo izondlo umzimba ngenxa ukusebenza kwawo onke amalungu kunye nempiliso nokubuyisela. Kulo mzekelo, ekufunyanweni uhlobo hlobo lokutya emzimbeni ukutyiswa enteral.

isondlo Enteral - ntoni na?

Olu hlobo lokhathalelo nomonde, kuba isici ukuba kuza ukutya ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu okanye indlela ekhethekileyo. Ngokufuthi enjalo ukutya kusetyenziswa imixube ezizodwa. Bahlukile ukutya eqhelekileyo abadala, njengoko kumazwe ezithile sigulane asikwazi ukuthatha ezinye iimveliso.

Izinto eziluncedo ze gunya

Olu hlobo lokutya zinezibonelelo yayo izigulane:

1. Bokuphila - ukutya udlula ngqo kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, akwazi ukuba kufakwe lula kwaye nokuxhobisa isigulane emva kotyando.
2. ukutyua - kuba isicelo yale ndlela ongakufuniyo iindleko kakhulu.
3. Simple ukusebenzisa iindlela ezongezelelweyo - akukho mfuneko eyandileyo inzalo, njengokuba ngokwaneleyo nje ukusingatha phenyo nokondliwa enteral okanye nkqubo kwimixube ukutya ngomlomo.
4. Oku akuthethi ukuba iingxaki ezinkulu - probe kufakwa ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki, ngoko akukho okuba isenzeko iingxaki eziyingozi kunye ezisongela ubomi umguli.
5. Ivumela ukuze unike umzimba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, oku kubangelwe ekukhethweni lwendibanisela kangangoko ukuze abantu.
6. Inceda ekunqandeni ukubonakala iziphumo atrophic kwisiqwenga zesisu.

Iimpawu umsoco enteral

Development amayeza kwiinkulungwane ezimbini zokugqibela kube lula ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na ekulungeleyo umntu emva iindlela utyando eza kumnceda kwakhona ngokukhawuleza ukuze afumane amandla eyimfuneko ingozi ubuncinane. Kunye nemixube ukutya emva kotyando kunye izixhobo zonyango olongezelelweyo zinezibonelelo zayo nokubonakaliswa. Kukho izikhokelo ezithile kwimixube ukuba ufuna umntu, ngokunjalo kanye indlela yokutya. isondlo ezingezizo inikelwa xa:

1. Nomonde ngenxa yemeko yabo ndingatyi angabikho zingqondweni okanye ukuginya.
2. Esi sigulane asikwazi ukudla ukutya - imo pancreatitis ahlekise okanye nokopha kwisiqwenga zesisu.
3. Umntu ogulayo uyala ukutya, kusetyenziswa ukutya enteral ke ngenkani. Ntoni na xa kukho isimo esinjalo? Kuyenzeka e ukudla nervosa, apho ukwazi nje ukulayisha isisu ukutya esiqhelekileyo, njengoko kukho umngcipheko kukufa emva kokuba kumke umbane elide. Kwakhona, iintlobo zosulelo umguli uya kwala ukuba nidle, kwimeko apho inkqubo isetyenziselwa nokondliwa enteral, ukuba bazalise umzimba kunye izondlo ezibalulekileyo ukuze ulwe usulelo.
4. Amandla lingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, kwenzeka belimele, catabolism, ukutsha.

Wamisa le hlobo kwamandla kunye miqathango ilandelayo zophendlo lwezifo:

• ukungabikho protein emzimbeni namandla, ukuba awunako ukubonelela ukuthathwa ezi izinto ngendlela yemvelo;
• xa kuthe yamathumba ezahlukeneyo entloko, entanyeni isisu;
• ukuba kukho isifo phambili kwinkqubo luvo, ezifana nesifo Parkinson kaThixo, stroke cerebrovascular, ithi ezahlukeneyo zingqondweni;
• e nomhlaza States emva radiation kunye ichemotherapy;
• Ukutya kusoloko ezimiselwe izifo zesisu Inzima pancreatitis, iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo esibindini kunye iphecana biliary, syndromes malabsorption , namathumbu elifutshane, nesifo Crohn kaThixo;
• ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ungenelelo utyando emzimbeni;
• isha ubuthi oyingozi;
• xa fistula, nokudumba;
• Ukuba ekuphuhliseni izifo ezintsonkothileyo esosulelayo;
• kwi misinga kakhulu;
• ashushu ezahlukeneyo umonakalo radiation womntu.

Iindlela ukuveza imixube sakhi

izigulane zesondlo Enteral bahluka indlela ukudla:

1. Ukusebenzisa uphenyo okuqalisa mxube esiswini.
2. Power Indlela "ufunxa" - abafumana ukutya ekhethekileyo ngomlomo SIPs ezincinane.

Ezi ndlela nayo ibizwa ngokuba eyimpumelelo esebenzayo. Imvelaphi - ibele tube enteral, ukumnika kwenzeka inkqubo kwisixhobo okhethekileyo. Okwesibini - esebenzayo, manual, kwenziwa ikakhulu nge isirinji. Ngenxa usebenzisa le ndlela kuyimfuneko ukuba bafumane isixa esithile umxube kunye lesitofu ngcembe emlonyeni umntu ogulayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukhethwa kunikwa iimpompo, ciliates, nto leyo edla ngokuzenzekelayo le mithi.

Ixhokonxa umsoco enteral

izalamane ezininzi izigulane cela isondlo enteral - yintoni yaye yintoni izixhobo zifuneka le? Eneneni, ukuba indlela enjalo yokuzalisa umzimba ngokutya zifuna ixhokonxa ezahlukeneyo. Zahlula-hlulwe:

• nasogastric (nazoenteralnye) - ixhokonxa zeplastiki obhityileyo leyo zinemingxuma kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye elabelwe lula ulawulo;
• percutaneous - elawulwa emva kotyando (pharyngoscope, gastrostomy, esophagostomy, eyunostomiya).

Iindlela omzimba yonikezelo

Le mpikiswano, isondlo enteral - yintoni na, hayi kwanele ukuliphumeza. Kukho ezininzi bokuqonda ukuqaliswa yokutya emzimbeni ngale ndlela, umzekelo, umyinge feed mxube. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumana amandla nomonde.

1. Yondla umxube with Velocity rhoqo. isigulane Gavage ifumana ukutya ngesantya ethile, oko 40-60 ml / hr. Ke ingcali okhangela abasabela ngayo isigulane. Xa ukunyamezeleka kakuhle umxube, isantya kube kancinci ukwanda. Kwi-avareji kwenyusa yi ml-25 / hr iiyure 8-12, ngoko ngexesha elifanayo ungadibanisa babuye bazuze kwangangoko de kwisantya efunekayo sifikelelwe. Ukuba nokusebenza kubanjwa kuphela isigulane zikwimeko kakhulu, umxube kufuneka ufakwe hayi ngaphezulu kwe 20-30 ml / hr. Kuyimfuneko ukuba esweni ngenyameko imeko mntu. Isicaphucaphu, urhudo, ukugabha, uphathwe okanye kunciphisa umyinge intshayelelo okanye imixube yayo, okanye eyavela. Oku itshintsha Isalathisi omnye ukuba akukho ni ntshikilelo umzimba.
2. ukutya ezingezizo inokusetyenziswa kwimijikelo. Oku kutya oguquguqukayo kukuba isigulana emva kokuba kuhlale ngcembe ningalinciphisi, ebusuku, phambi kwexesha lesidlo, bezizisela ebusuku. Le ndlela lula ukuba isigulana kwaye kungenziwa kumbhobho gastrostomy.
3. amandla Intlanganiso (periodic) akwenziwanga bonke. Oku kuboniswa abo izigulane unesisu esihambisayo, okanye uqhaqho zesisu lwenziwa. Loo mandla ibizwa ngokuba ngamaxesha athile, nangamathuba wayisa iiyure 4-6.
4. Bolus uyawondla. Le indlela liyafana isidlo rhoqo. Lo mxube ungabutofela yi isirinji okanye ityhubhu, kodwa imithetho entry ebisebenza ngokungqongqo. Kule isantya awudluli ml 240 isiqingatha seyure nganye. Inani ngokutya ngemini amaxesha 3-5. Kodwa ke ukuba uqale ngokudibanisa mxube uzimisele angamakhulu enye ml. Ukuba isigulane unesifo akukho ngxaki, ngoko ngcembe wongezelela kunye ml-50. Kodwa lo ulawulo iyingozi bekusenzeka rhoqo urhudo, ngoko ke kufuneka ebekiweyo kweliso yincutshe.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi iindlela ayinakuba customizable ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izigulane ezifuna isondlo enteral. Ukukhetha le ndlela, isantya kwaye umthamo kokunikezelwa ukutya ezo umzimba ithatha indawo kunye neempawu ngamnye.

Ukukhetha Properties imixube

Umxube nokondliwa enteral kufuneka zikhethwe ukwaneza iimfuno ngamnye zezigulane. ukhetho lwabo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi.

1. okunesondlo yezigulane postoperative kufuneka ube mninzi kakuhle amandla. Asinto ngaphantsi kwe-1 kcal / ml.
2. Ukubunjwa umxube kufuneka ibe glyutein ndingekho kunye lactose. Ezi zinto zingabangela komzimba.
3. Kufuneka kube ngaphezu osmolarity ka 340 mOsm / l.
4. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki kunye nokwenziwa ukutya kufuneka ibe non-viscous.
5. umxube Umgangatho akubangi motility kwemfuneko emathunjini.
6. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kunjalo lenkampani kunye nobukho ukuguqulwa yemfuza iiprothini.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Ifomula iintsana, kunye nezisombululo kwimveliso yendalo, hayi zilufanele nokondliwa enteral. Baya kuba ngabantu yabadala ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngoko ngeke kuwucima. Kuba izigulane ezifuna ukutya okunjalo, ephuhliswe iintlobo zazo kwimixube kuye, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

ingxubevange monomeric

imixube Igama umisela umsebenzi wabo. Bona azinamgaqo zonke izinto okuphathelene kuyimfuneko, kodwa nazo kusetyenziswa kwixesha postoperative. imixube ezinjalo iqanjwa glucose kunye neetyuwa, ngaleyo ndlela ukufunyanwa usebenziso emathunjini amancinci ngoko nangoko emva kotyando. Phambi ukugabha okanye urhudo yinto ukutya okumnandi ukuxhasa imali amanzi kunye electrolyte emzimbeni. imixube ezinjalo "wayehamba", "Mafusol", "Regidron", "Tsitroglyukosolan", "Orasan" kunye nabanye.

Ukubunjwa elemental ukuba ukutya

Le umbane kwizigulana isekelwe imichiza ngqo ekhethiweyo. Bona asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile ukuphazamiseka pathways emzimbeni kwi ezimbi ezifana wesibindi nezintso ukungaphumeleli, isifo seswekile kunye pancreatitis. Kulo mzekelo, i injeke, wesibindi, nezintso ayikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ethile, ngoko le mixube kunceda loo mntu ukubuyisela ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ukuze amandla olu hlobo ziquka "Vivoneks", "Fleksikal", "Lofenalak" kunye nabanye.

nesiqingatha elemental umxube

Le mixube okunesondlo izigulane amaxesha amaninzi asetyenziswa ngaphezu engaphambili. Oku kungenxa yokuba babe elungeleleneyo kwaye ilingane uluhlu olubanzi izigulane ezifuna ukusetyenziswa ngesondlo enteral. Apha, proteni ngokohlobo acid kanye peptides, nto leyo evumela ukuba endele ngokulula kakhulu emzimbeni. izisombululo ezinjalo isicelo ngoko nangoko emva kotyando kwi imisebenzi zokugaya lwentengiso. Ezi ziquka "Nutrien kwiziqalelo", "Nutrilon Pepto TSC", "Peptisorb", "Peptamen".

isayensi Polymer gumbini

Olu hlobo lisetyenziswa izifo ezininzi emva imisebenzi, xa umntu isiqaqa. Zezona ezifanelekileyo kakhulu ephilayo omdala kumafa yayo. Ezi izisombululo ziqulathe zonke izimbiwa kuyimfuneko, izinto umkhondo, iiprotheni, amafutha, carbohydrate. Bona zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu.

1. Owomileyo ingangxengeka uze uqhutywe gavage. Le isondlo olandelayo enteral: "Nutrizon", "Berlamin yemodyuli", "Standard Nutrikomp".
2. Ulwelo, leyo ufakwe nangoko. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba kwiimeko apho singalahlekani umzuzu, enika isondlo kubalulekile zabantu. Ezi ziquka "Berlamin yemodyuli", "Nutrikomp Ulwelo", "Nutrizon Standard" kunye nabanye.
3. Imixube zisetyenziswa ngomlomo. Oku "Berlamin yemodyuli", "Nutridrink", "Fortikrem" njalo-njalo.

Umxube zemiyalelo

Olu hlobo umbane ngenjongo efanayo iimbono iikhompawundi elemental. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba ukubuyisela ukusebenza komzimba kwindawo ngezifo ethile. Bona elungisa ukusilela yokuphefumla pathways, sezintso nkene zesibindi nezifo.