NgoNovemba 7, umthendeleko USSR: igama, imbali

Novemba 7 - iholide kwi USSR, yaza yarhoxiswa phantsi laseRashiya entsha. Ingaba kukho naziphi na zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze oku kwaye ukuba sacelwa ukuba sibuyele? mbhiyozo Favorite ezikhanya yaba okungeyomfuneko kuluntu namhlanje.

Kwenzeka ntoni loo mini?

Imbali yetheko ngoNovemba 7 eSoviet Union - ke memory of the revolution enkulu zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. De-1917, iRashiya yaba urhulumente yedwa monarchical, ngelo xesha imithetho uNicholas II.

mood enemvukelo kweli lizwe aqokelelwe kangangeminyaka eliqela, yaye ngo-Oktobha 25 eSt Petersburg, waqalisa imvukelo abantu abaqhelekileyo nxamnye nokungalingani Ingxenye lwentlalo. Ngemipu iiBolsheviks wayethethe Winter Palace (isihlalo ngurhulumente yethutyana), wayithimba zonke iingongoma ezibalulekileyo ulwazi (amaphephandaba, iposi, kwizikhululo zikaloliwe) kunye iingongoma eziphambili emkhosini (emasangweni umzi, port).

Olu qhankqalazo engu 47 ka VI Ulyanov (uLenin), L. oneminyaka eli-38 ubudala D. noTrotsky kunye Ya. M. Sverdlov oneminyaka eli-27 ubudala. Aba bantu kwakhokelela umbuso ingqalelo amaqela olawulo iphambili kweli lizwe iminyaka eliqela. Ukuba udale lorhulumente wenkqubo yobuSoshali entsha, umgaqo-siseko kunye nezithethe eRashiya.

Yintoni isidlo ibhiyozelwa ngoNovemba 7, eSoviet Union de 1990

Ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngokuba uSuku Enkulu Oktobha Socialist Revolution. Kutheni "Oktobha imini" ibhiyozelwa ngoNovemba? De-1918, eli lizwe ekuthini ngexesha le khalenda Julian. Kodwa ngoFebruwari, eRashiya watshintshela kwikhalenda Gregorian. Le mvukelo yathatha iintsuku ezimbini, Oktobha 25-26, kwi isimbo endala, nangomthendeleko USSR ke yabhiyozelwa ngendlela entsha - nge-7 ne-8 Novemba. Kodwa igama ihlala nje inkumbulo enye iziganeko ezinkulu zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, apho watshintsha indlela yembali yehlabathi.

Imbeko sendalo amaqela weendawo ekuthiwa ezilalini, nasezitratweni, amashishini, zokubukela. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1923, okudalwe iqela labantwana ababezibiza Octobrists. A mveliso candy "Red Oktobha" kukhunjulwa uze uthandwe izizukulwana ezininzi baseRashiya.

iholide History

7 Novemba (iholide eSoviet Union) usuku olunye kuphela ngo-1918. E Moscow, emizini zengingqi kunye wephondo baseRashiya imiboniso kunye kwimiju-. Kokuba kuthathwe ophumayo, i "red" ikhalenda imini. Ngowe-1927, ngokuthi ngengqibo Elawulayo Central Committee of mbhiyozo baqalise ukubhiyozela le-7 ne-8 Novemba. Ngowe-1990, ngokomyalelo inani 8 Gorbachev ithe ukusebenza kwakhona. Ngowe-1996, le umongameli mthendeleko Yeltsin uqambe "Imini kwemvume." Ngo-2004 wabubhangisa V. V. Putinym, yaye ngowe-2005 waba ngosuku lomsebenzi.

Amazwe angabamelwane amazwe kodwa ukubhiyozela le mini phantsi kwegama endala - uSuku-Oktobha Revolution. Ezi ziquka Belarus, Transnistria kunye Kyrgyzstan.

Parade on Red Square

Ukususela ngo-1918 kabini kwimiju- ngonyaka, nto leyo zazinyaswa ngamagosa isixhobo yomkhosi kunye umkhosi: 1 Meyi ne-7 Novemba. Holiday eSoviet Union emva Oktobha Revolution yaba sisiganeko esikhulu kubasebenzi bonke. Umbukiso wathabatha inkokheli yabantu kunye umphathi omkhulu, kwakunye iintloko namashishini amakhulu.

Ngowe-1941, le kwimiju- makarhoxiswe okwethutyana de 1945. Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, eli lizwe akunakwenzeka ukuba arhoxise emkhosini kunye nobuchwepheshe kwizikhululo emfazweni. A umcimbi owodwa kucingwa ukuba indlela umkhosi ngo-1945. Kuba lo mbhiyozo kwabanjwa ukhetho ezizodwa abasebenzi: ubudala - abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala, ukuphakama - 176-178 cm, amabhaso zomkhosi. Emva kokuba 1945 imikhosi kwi Red Square zibanjwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 kuphela. Ngowe-1995, lo mbhalo-mkhosi kwaba ngeenyawo, ngaphandle izixhobo zomkhosi.

Imiboniso imbeko October Day Revolution

Ukuba kwimiju- zabanjwa eMoscow kunye kwizixeko ezikhulu, kwimiboniso - esi siganeko yonke indawo eRashiya ukusuka kwikomkhulu kumaziko zokuhlala ezinkulu. Bathi onke amacandelo zabemi inxaxheba: abasebenzi, abafundi, abalimi kunye nabafundi. Novemba 7 iholide eSoviet Union kunye yinzondelelo novuyo zonke mmi lizwe.

Imiboniso - sisiganeko yoluntu, abadlulayo amaqela abantu kwi ezitratweni eziphambili isixeko mood enye yezopolitiko. Le Umngcelele ihamba umculo, amazwi, indwe, iibhanile kunye eni yentloko ebambeleyo karhulumente. A umhlathi labantu abathatha inxaxheba, i ngundoqo umzi, yembutho engundoqo kunye neqonga kunye iqela kunye neenkokheli zoluntu.

Esi sicatshulwa ngokuzithandela ukubeka phambili izisebenzi kunye nabafundi, sikhatshwe Ukunyathela spiral izihombo zothutho, ukucula, ukudanisa, ngolwaa kunye namagumbi emidlalo. Ukususela eqongeni bevuthela Sithi halala kwi-7 Novemba. Eholideyini e waseUSSR, imibongo malunga apho abhala iimbongi ezinkulu Russian, waphefumlela lonke uhlanga. Abantu babekholelwa ukuba simahla yaye onwabile ukususela ngomhla Revolution Great.

Iminyaka ibalulekileyo (Chronicle, 1918)

imihla ingakumbi ukhumbuleka zithathwa: bevuyelela yokuqala ka-1918, kwakunye kwimiju- ka 1941 no 1945. 7 Novemba - iholide kwi USSR, halala kubantu ngelo xesha njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo yezopolitiko.

7-8 Novemba 1918:

• "Yimidlalo" e Red Square;
• uxolelo wokuwonga elaa engama 1st;
• Kuvulwa oqingqiweyo Jaures, Marx kunye Engels;
• rally ikhonsathi;
• isihloko kwinkulumbuso lomdlalo "Imfihlelo-Bouffe";
• intetho uLenin eya kubasebenzi Cheka.

Parade ngexesha lemfazwe (Chronicle 1941)

1941. iinyanga ezi-5 kukho imfazwe eJamani. Kodwa kuza nge-7 Novemba. Yiyiphi ngeholide enakho ukwenzeka waseUSSR, xa umgca ngaphambili kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kwikomkhulu? Kodwa Stalin ugqiba ukuba kamva mbali obizwa "usebenze okuqaqambileyo emkhosini." Yena uchitha umbukiso kakhulu grand, nazo zonke izixhobo mihla yomkhosi impumlo utshaba. Isiqingatha emva kokwenza oku kuvezwa kwi Red Square kunye neenkokheli ntle lobuqu abantu kwangoko baya ngaphambili. Kuprintwa of England kunye neFransi, eziphambili kunye iifoto amajoni Russian abathatha inxaxheba kumngcelele kunye imisebenzi, ndingene ekulweni. Eli nyathelo, "holide ngexesha lemfazwe," waphakamisa umoya nomkhosi. Kwaye Hitler, ngokutsho memoirs bume osondeleyo, ucatshukiswa.

Amalungiselelo lo mbhiyozo yaqala ngo-Oktobha 24 phantsi Artemyev isikhokelo iinjengele Zhigareva. Ukohluka ingxaki yaba emfihlekweni lingqongqo nokuntsonkotha - ezisisigxina njengomzi ongqingiweyo. Novemba 6, Stalin na iintlanganiso imbeko yale holide kwi metro (station "Mayakovskaya"). Liyeke intetho eyiNtloko yosasazo lonke elo lizwe.

Le ngozi oluphambili ngexesha kuqhutywa oku kuvezwa amelwe umoya amandla waseJamani. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba mlweli venture waseJamani ukuze ayephuma kuloo mzi ngasihlandlo sinye kubatshabalalisa bonke urhulumente USSR. Kulo mba, Novemba 5, moya Russian ebezihamba zokuchopha yotshaba. Kwaye kuphela uqikelelo lwemozulu ukuba ngenxa yelifu ephantsi non-flying imozulu, ukuba siphephe le meko. Ebusuku, abasa iinkwenkwezi yesicelo, amhluba loo ekufihleni kunye Umakhi, yaye ngentsasa elandelayo ngentsimbi 8 waqala enye ngeetshathi ibalulekileyo kwimbali yethu.

1945. uloyiso

Unyaka wokuqala yoxolo. Udiniwe ingozi yemfazwe, abantu bafuna uvuyo. Emva kokuba umbukiso uloyiso grand isiganeko ngasinye unika ingqiqo entsha ehlabathini, akukho ngaphandle 7 Novemba. Loluphi uhlobo iholide kwi-USSR: izithethi yokuvuyisana, ekundleni Veterans, umnqwazi! Kwaye konke oku phezu elunxwemeni IMfazwe kunye Melika. Nditsho ingxelo Molotov ngomhla we-Oktobha Revolution - impendulo eSoviet Union kwi-US njengasengcaphukisweni.

Ukususela ngoko waqalisa ugqatso iingalo nokugcina isidima lizwe, esisityebi kangaka buchopho zobugcisa. Le ngxabano phakathi kwamazwe amabini baya kuhlala de-1963. Iminyaka 18 Russia uya kubuyisela imizi engamanxuwa, ukuphinda-ngokusesikweni wemveliso. Yaye ngowe-1990, oko kuya kuqalisa ukulibala ukuba igama le holide ngoNovemba 7 kwi-USSR.

Oblivion okanye ukuzalwa?

Ngowe-1996, lo mbhiyozo ifumene elinye igama. Ngo-2004, phambi kokuba imveliso transfer ngomhla wesi-4 Novemba (Day of National Unity), iqela itshantliziyo ekuhlaleni kwaqhutywa uphando phakathi ngabemi abaselula eliqina kweli lizwe. Injongo - ilifa ulwazi malunga neziganeko ze-Oktobha Revolution nokubaluleka kwayo kubomi baseRashiya. Kuphela yi-20% abaphenduli baphendula umbuzo malunga uhlobo iholide ibhiyozelwa ngoNovemba 7 kwi-USSR.

Yintoni na? Ezingeloncedo zemfundo okanye imfuneko yokwenene isizukulwana mihla ukuya phambili ngaphandle ukucinga ngembali wooyise? Kwezinye iimeko, kwengqondo bakholelwa ukuba elona xesha ukushenxa iziganeko impikiswano - oko kuthetha ngokuchanekileyo yaye ngokukhawuleza ashenxele inkqubela. Ngaba I mfuneko usuku angayi namhlanje, ukubaluleka leyo safa kunye lizwe?

Okwangoku, i-Oktobha Revolution - buyinto edidayo. Enesifo uluhlu olubanzi kwentelekelelo-mbali. Ingongoma yokuqala kwimboniselo - ukuba kuhluthwe mthethweni amandla, nto leyo eye yakhokelela ilizwe ukuba ulawulo yileyo. Abanye bathi ukuvukela kuyimfuneko. Oku kwakhokelela Russia ukuya kuluntu bale mihla ndlela nkulu, kwaye oku ityala elikhethekileyo kwimbali. Ngenxa revolution ilizwe ukuphepha ukuwa kwezopolitiko, nto leyo okukhulu emva kokuba shela kakumkani. Territory uya kubambana amazwe afana aseBritani Melika. isithethe Russian, uhlanga nkqu ulwimi yaphela nje ukuba khona.

Ukongeza kwezi izimvo ezimbini, kukho iingxelo intermediate of kwakuya kwenzeka njani ukuba bendingafuni ye revolution. Ngokomzekelo, unjingalwazi imbali I. Froyanov wathi:

"Le episode ebaluleke kakhulu kwimbali, kwaye bafake uphawu lokwengeza okanye lokucutha nje ayilunganga. hen W kukho utshintsho karhulumente, ibinzana elithi 'revolution kwezopolitiko "Kufanelekile ngakumbi le meko. Ukanti ngaphezu kwesinye isizukulwana sikhankanya igama holide ngoNovemba 7 kwi-USSR, ngenxa yokuba inkumbulo ethandwa amathemba nokuzingca abantu Russian. "

Lo mhla kucelwa ngokutsha inzala yethu. Ngabo abaya ongakanani, ukuhlalutya kwaye uthelekise izibakala kusekho adandatheke esondele kuthi.