Yokuhlala Indians: incazelo neefoto

I AmaNdiya waba iintlobo ezimbini zokuhlala, nto leyo esasibahlula kwezinye izizwe - a tipi kunye wigwam. Baye iimpawu eziziimpawu abantu bezisebenzisa. Kananjalo apha naphaya ukulungiselela imisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Nganye - ngokweemfuno zakhe

Ekhaya izizwe amadlelo kunye amavila zahlukile. Eyokuqala ukhetha ezintenteni kunye odaka, ngelixa kulungiselelwa yokugqibela izakhiwo lula ngakumbi izinzile okanye ezindlini. Xa sincokola ngayo kumakhaya abazingeli, ngoko ke kusoloko kubonwa izikhumba zezilwanyana. Melika - abantu ngaye waphawulwa inani elikhulu kwiintlobo lwezindlu. Iqela ngalinye babenziwe yalo.

Umzekelo, i-Navajo wakhetha banyuka. Zidalwa zodaka uphahla kunye kwindlela ebizwa ngokuba "Hogan", apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuya ngaphakathi. Owayesakuba abahlali of Florida imfumba akha ooronta kunye nezizwe abavela we Arctic yaba Lodge kakhulu bekhululekile. Kumaxesha zasebusika lonyaka, wayifulela eluswini, ifudumele - amaxolo.

Ubukhulu kunye namandla

Amabutho wakha isakhelo eyenziwe intlaka, leyo angahlala ukuya kwiminyaka eli-15. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha sithuba yoluntu abahlala kufutshane namasimi ekhethiweyo. Xa umhlaba kuguga, kwabakho ukufuduswa. Ezi ezakhiwe baphatheka phezulu. Bayakwazi ukufikelela kwiimitha ezili-25 ukuphakama. Kule nkalo, le mizi awakholelwa izindlu elide. Login apha yayimi ekupheleni nesabelo. Kufuphi yaba umfanekiso obonisa totem uhlobo lwesilwanyana ukuba ukubukelwa ezikhuselweyo. AmaNdiya yendlu yahlulwa kwiindawo eziliqela, isibini ngasinye engundoqo, bakha usapho. Bonke abantu phezu obuselukhambeni yakhe. Kwakukho silala ngokulala kwi iindonga.

Settlement bahlala kunye nohlobo ephila

izizwe oqhele ukuba ukwakha indlu enqatyisiweyo amatye kunye lezitena niya kulirhola. Eyadini Wayengqongwe kwisangqa okanye isangqa kwezakhiwo. Indian abantu umba yonke Terrace apho izindlu ukuba kwakhiwa kumanqanaba eziliqela. Kuphahla ikhaya liba indawo ngaphandle enye, ingabekwa phezulu.

Abantu abaye bakhetha ubomi ehlathini, wakha wigwams. Le ephathwayo namaNdiya ahlala ngendlela nkundla. Eyahluke ubukhulu encinane. Ubude idla ngaphantsi kwe-10 iinyawo, nangona kunjalo, wazibeka ukuya kubantu ezingamashumi amathathu. Ngoku izakhiwo ezinjalo zisetyenziswa kumatheko. Kubalulekile ukuba ukudida ne-tipi. Kuba mbuya design efanayo kakhulu lula, kuba akazi ukuba iinzame zethu ekwakheni. Kwaye ungasoloko ukuhambisa indlu kwintsimi entsha.

Iimpawu design

Ngexesha ukwakhiwa ukusebenzisa imipu, leyo baphikele kakuhle kwaye kakhulu ezibhityileyo. Ukuzidibanisa, wasebenzisa Elm okanye amaxolo ezinde, bebasa enziwe ngeengcongolo okanye nemikhanzi. Kwakhona amagqabi umbona efanelekileyo kunye nengca. Wigwam Nomad igqunywe ngelaphu okanye solusu. Ngoko ke musa ezitshibilizayo off, zisetyenziswa ngaphandle kwisakhelo, zemithi okanye izibonda. Wawelela sigqunywe kwekhuselo. kukho Iindonga zaye izidanga, kunye nkqo. Sengqondo - ngeenxa okanye uxande. Ukuze ukwandisa ekwakhiweni kwayo zaba okweqanda, owenza ezininzi amathuba umsi. Kuba yephiramidi imilo obabuthandwa ufakelo imivalo tyaba, leyo ukudibanisa phezulu.

Imodeli efanayo

Yokuhlala amaNdiya, njengentente, ebizwa tipis. Waba pole apho amathambo yemilo etsobhileyo. Kuba ukuyilwa lwamavili kusetyenziswa isikhumba senyathi. Hole kwi Phezulu esenzelwe ngokukodwa umsi emlilweni ukuba aphume. Ngexesha imvula wazigqubuthela incakuba yakhe. udonga uhombiso baba Imizobo kunye nemiqondiso, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ngamalungu kumnini ethile. Tipi ngokwenene kakhulu ifana tepee, nto ke leyo ebangele ukuba badidekile rhoqo. Olu hlobo izakhiwo zabantu Indian nazo zisetyenziswa kaninzi zombini kwi North njengoko kwi South-West kunye Far West ukuze sesiNtu ephila.

Ubukhulu

Kwakhona owakha pyramidal okanye imilo etsobhileyo. isiseko bepali kweemitha ezi-6. izibonda Ndiyila ukufikelela ubude zeenyawo-25. YaseTire eyenziwe rawhide. Kwi-avareji, ukudala ukutyabeka kwafuneka ukubulala izilwanyana-10 ukuya kuma-40. Xa North American amaIndiya baqalisa ukusebenzisana baseYurophu baqalisa ukurhweba exchange. Avele Isinikezeli, iphawulwa lula olukhulu. Njengoko esikhumbeni yaye eli laphu liye kuneengxaki zawo, ngoko badla ukudala imveliso edityanisiweyo. Njengoko izinto zokubopha kusetyenziswa izikhonkwane zomthi, ezantsi iintambo daka iye ebotshelelwe ngezikhonkwane aphumele ukusuka emhlabeni. Ingakumbi kuba intshukumo umoya isikhewu avunyelwe. Njengoko kwi Lodge, kwakukho umngxuma umsi.

device eluncedo

Eyona lisahlulayo ukuba kukho valve elawula idrafti umoya. Ukuze olule kona zaso zingezantsi iirholithi ngesikhumba esetyenzisiweyo. Ezinjalo namaNdiya yokuhlala kwakunzima lula. Ukuba kwakunokwenzeka ukuba aqhoboshele intente okanye omnye ukwakhiwa kuso, leyo landiswa kakhulu indawo ephakathi. Wamela ngumoya onamandla zisihla phezu ibhanti, leyo waba ankile. Xa iindonga nqanawa bottom babeka, nto leyo yaba ububanzi 1.7 m. Oku ukugcina ubushushu lwangaphakathi, ekhusela abantu ukusuka abandayo yangaphandle. Ngexesha imvula wolula silingi imilo omise, koko wathi "Ozan".

Ukuphonononga ulwakhiwo kwizizwe ezahlukeneyo, siyakwazi ukubona ukuba ngamnye kubo eyahlukileyo ezinye semvelo yawo kuphela phawu yakhe. Inani nezibonda ngenye indlela. Bona ahlangene ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iphiramidi abunjwe ngazo kunokuba zombini ithambekele kunye tye. Ngelo emazantsi kukho imilo ovoid, setyhula okanye elimbhoxo. Iso- lisikwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ongazikhetha.

Ezinye iintlobo ethandwayo izakhiwo

Enye AmaNdiya yokuhlala umdla - it vikiap ukuba kaninzi kakhulu bunxulunyaniswa tepee. Ulwakhiwo kwi ngohlobo amajukujuku na intente, apho wayehlala kakhulu Apache. kweenyama zayo camera kwilaphu kunye nengca. Ngokufuthi zisetyenziselwa iinjongo yethutyana, uzimela. amasebe igqunyiweyo, bebasa, ibekwe ngaphandle emathafeni. Athabasca awayengabemi Canada, bakhetha olu hlobo lokwakha. Ilungelana ngokugqibeleleyo, xa umkhosi abekwa phambili kulo mlo yaye kwakufuneka isihlalo ixesha bazifihla kuzimela umlilo.

Navajo Hogan wahlala kulo. Kananjalo ezindlwini uhlobo ehlotyeni dugouts. Hogan setyhula imilo yecandelo, neendonga ibe ikhowuni. Ngokufuthi apho uyilo sikwere kolu hlobo. Umnyango yafakwa kwinxalenye esempuma: kwakukholelwa ukuba ilanga izisa amathamsanqa endlwini kuyo. Kwakhona, ulwakhiwo ziyakubaluleka enkulu yonqulo. Kukho banentsomi yokuba isixelela ukuba Hogan yakhiwa yokuqala umoya coyote. Yena bencediswa beaver. Baye Sizibandakanye ekwakheni ukuze kwakhelwe izindlu abantu kuqala. Phakathi yephiramidi-etsolo ezintlanu ibekwe kwipali ezisindayo. Saba iinkalo ezintathu-engile. Isithuba phakathi imiqadi izele emhlabeni. Iindonga ibe ubukhulu kwaye womelele ukuba ungahamba ukukhusela abantu kwimozulu ebusika.

Ibekwe yokulinda ngaphambili, imibhiyozo apho zonqulo. zokwakha zokuhlala mkhulu. Ngenkulungwane XX i Navajo waqala ukwakha izakhiwo kunye iikona 6 no-8. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa esebenza kufuphi zikaloliwe. Oko kwakunokubanceda bavelise sleepers kwaye asetyenziswe kolu lwakhiwo. Kukho indawo ngakumbi nesithuba evulekileyo, nangona indlu kwakunzima entle. Ngokufutshane, Indians ahlala kakhulu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa elowo kubo ukwenza imisebenzi yayo.