Isithuthuthu "Ukuphuma kwelanga": iimpawu, ifoto, intengo

Ibhayisikili ye-Soviet "Voskhod" yaveliswa kwisityalo saseDegtyarev, ishishini elikhulu lokukhusela elisemzini waseRussia waseKovrov. Ukuveliswa kwemoto ehamba ngamabini amabini esungulwe kwimiqulu yabathengi ngo-1957. I-Motorcycle "iVoskhod" yayibonakala ngokuyila kwayo kunye nokuthembeka kwayo. Ukulungiswa kwakungabibizi. Ngaloo mihla, ingcamango yokubaluleka kwe sithuthi ayikho, isithuthuthu saqikelelwa kwinqanaba lokuhlala kwaye kunye nemiqondiso yexabiso lokufikelela. Inqanaba elincinci lokuthuthuzela xa ekhwele imoto evili elinamasondo amabini ayizange ikhathaze nabani na. Ukutshatyalaliswa, kwindlela efanelekileyo, ukuguqulwa kwazo zonke iindidi kwaxutyushwa njengento ebalulekileyo yesithuthuthu.

UPredecessor

Iprototype ye "Sunrise" yayingumqhubi wesithuthuthu seJamani RT 125, eyenziwe nguDKW. Ekuqaleni, i-Soviet version yayibizwa ngokuba yi "Kovrovets", kwaye kwiminyaka embalwa emva koko imoto yafumana igama elithi "Voskhod". Isithuthuthu, esithombeni sayo sanyatheliswa kumaphephandaba, saza saziwa ngokubanzi kuluntu jikelele, kwaye imveliso yayo yafakwa kwi-stream. Igama lenguqu luchazwa ngokuthandwa kweemoto kunye nokubaluleka kwayo yonke i-USSR. Isithuthuthu esitsha seVoskhod, iimpawu ezahlala zingatshintshi, zazibhekwa njengeyona ndlela ethembekileyo, "ethandwa" imodeli. Ixabiso eliphantsi ngokulinganayo lihambelana nalolu hlobo. Imvelaphi yoyilo yayingabhengezwa, abathengi baseSoviet babeqinisekile ukuba bathenga isithuthuthu sasekhaya, esinokwethenjelwa kunye nokuhlala njalo.

Iiparameters zobuchwepheshe

Iinkcukacha zoThuthi:

• Injini - i-stroke, i-single-cylinder;
• Umthamo we-cylinder yi-173.7 cubic meters. Cm;
• I diameter - 61.72 mm;
• Isibetho se-piston - 58 mm;
• Amandla - 10 ilitha. S;
• Iibhokisi zebhobho - ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, isantya esinesine-speed-shift shift;
• Ikholeji yokuhamba ngesondo;
• Ukumiswa kwangaphambili - i-pendulum;
• Ukumiswa kwangaphambili - telescopic;
• Iibhere - idrama;
• Isantya esiphezulu sikwi- 90 km / h;
• Ipetroli - i-octane ephantsi kwe-A72;
• Ubukhulu - 110 kg.

Ulungiso

Isithuthuthu "iVoskhod" yaveliswa ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuphucula, impawu zayo zobugcisa ngokubanzi zidibana neemfuno zabathengi. Nangona kunjalo kwakukho izicatshulwa, abanye abathengi bavakalisa uluvo lokuba imoto inomsindo kwaye ingaqinisekanga endleleni. Kwaye nangona la mazwi ayenomntu omnye, abe nefuthe.

Ngowe-1972, i-ofisi yoyilo yesityalo eKovrov yaqala ukuhlaziya imodeli "yabantu". Isithuthuthu "iVoskhod" yaziwa ngokuba yi "Voskhod-2", kwaye kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva "iVoskhod-2M", eyenziwa ngowe-1977 ukuya ku-1979, yavela kumhlangano wendibano. Utshintsho olunzulu kwi-design yomatshini omtsha othintekayo, ngokuyininzi, injini. Ngomlinganiselo wesilinda we- 173.7 iikhephe. Amandla e-Cm anyuke kuma-"amahashe" ayi-14 ngenxa yesikhokelo se-cylinder yesimanje kunye nokucwangciswa okwandisiweyo kwezithuthi ezidlulileyo. Umlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa kwaba yiyunithi eziyi-9.2. Isantya sanda kwi-105 km / h. Injini entsha yafuna i-high-octane fuel, kwipasipoti yemoto endaweni yepetroliyo A72 ekhethiweyo i-A93.

Ngowe-1979, isithuthuthu "iVoskhod-2M" yaqanjwa kwakhona. Kwaqala ukubizwa ngokuba yi "Sunrise-3". Imodeli yaveliswa ngaphambi kowe-1983, kwaye emva koko kwavela utshintsho olutsha. Kwakuyi-motorcycle "Voskhod-3M", eyayizalisa imodeli yokukhanya kweemoto ezimbini ezinamasondo ezityalo zaseKovrov. Ummeli wokugqibela wentsapho ehloniphekileyo isabonwa njengona nto ibhetele kwiklasi.

Isithuthuthu esitsha "Voskhod-3M"

Ngexesha ukususela ngo-1983 ukuya ku-1993, umzekelo wokugqibela we-3M wakhiqizwa kwisityalo saseKovrov. Ukuqhathaniswa nabaphambili bayo, isithuthuthu esitsha sineenzuzo ezininzi, njengokwanda kwe-ribbed cylinder indawo yokupholisa, ukusetyenziswa kwe-carburetor eyenziwe yiCzechoslovakia, inkqubo yombane ye-12-volt, i-cl-6 yesikhombisi (i-speedometer idibene kunye nezibane zokubonisa ukukhanya Kufuphi). Ukubambisana okubalulekileyo kwesekethe yombane kwakufihlwe phantsi kwesihlalo kwiiplastiki ezikhethekileyo. Isithuthuthu sasixhotyiswe nge generator enamandla, okwenza ukuba kwenzeke ngaphandle kwebhetri.

Imfoloko yangaphambili ifumene izikhuselo ezikhuselekileyo, iinyawo zomgibeli kunye nokuyeka kwekhasi lokukhahlela ukuguqulwa, izibuko zecala zangaphambili zemboniselo zivele kwiiphatha. Kwaye njengoluhlu lokugcina lwesithuthuthu samanje, ukutshintshwa kwe-anti-theft efakweyo. Njengomphumo wazo zonke iziphuculo, injongo ephambili yafezekiswa - ukunciphisa injini kunye nentsimbi yesithuthuthu. I-silencer echanekileyo yatshintshwa yecandelo elinye, nge-bulkheads yangaphakathi. Ukuqulunqwa kwefoloko yangaphambili kunye nokumiswa kwependulum yangaphambili kuhlaziywe, ukususa zonke iziganeko ezinokubangela ukukhwaza xa uqhuba. Ngenxa yesigqibo esithathwe, isandi sithuthuthu siyancipha kakhulu.

Utshintsho lwezokhenketho

Ngethuba lexesha, kwakukho imbono yokwenza imoto ehamba ngamabini amabini abathandi beendlela ezininzi zokuhamba. Ngokusekelwe kumzekelo we-3M, isithuthuthu saqulunqwa ukuhamba ngokude, esibizwa ngokuba ngu "Sunrise-3M-tourist". Uhlobo oluphambili lwemoto entsha lusevili eliphezulu kunye ne-jumper, enika umqhubi indawo ekhululekile. Isithuthuthu sinezixhobo zokukhusela kunye nesigxina esingemacandelo anecala apho izikhwama zezinto, izibonelelo kunye nezixhobo zifakwe.

Iloliwe yerhwebo "iVoskhod"

Kubahlali basemaphandleni, isithuthi esikhethekileyo esinomzimba wokuthutha imveliso yezolimo kunye nezinto zokwakha nazo zaphuhliswa. Nangona kunjalo, iloli alizange liye kwimveliso emininzi. Ekubeni ukulinganiswa kwemigca yebhokisi yesigxina sebhayisikili ayizange ihambelane neerameters of high speed of carriage of roads along the road. Kwafuneka ndiqhube kwi-gear yokuqala, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo oko kwaphela nge-injini yokutshisa, kunye ne-petroli. Injini yesithuthuthu "iVoskhod" ayifanelekanga kule ndlela yokusebenza. I-torque kunye negunya lokusasazwa akuhambelani. Imizamo yokulungisa ibhokisi yeegardi ayiphumelelanga, kwaye imithwalo "Voskhod" - isithuthuthu, umfanekiso oza kuboniswa kwiphepha, yayisuswa ngokukhawuleza kwimveliso.

"I-Owl"

Ngowe-1989, ukuveliswa kwemodeli eneekhompyutheni entsha esekelwe ngokutsha, i-cylinder yayo eyahlukaniswa yinkcazo yeendlela ezinhlanu ngefestile enye. Kwi-inlet yomxube wamafutha, i- valve ipalve ifakiwe , nto leyo eyanciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Igunya lezithuthi liye landa kwiititha ezili-15. . Ngama-5500 rpm. Imodeli entsha, eyayifumana isalathisi esithi "Sunrise-3M-01", yabizwa ngokuba yi "Owl".

Ixabiso:

Kwimarike yesithuthuthu yexesha lamaSoviet kwakukho amanani amaninzi angabizi, kodwa imoto engabizi kakhulu yayingu "Voskhod." Isithuthuthu, esinamanani namhlanje ukusuka kwi-rubles eyi-6.5 ukuya kwi-30 yama-ruble, ingaba yindleko xa imodeli ibonwa ngathi iyinqabile. Kwaye, ngokuchaseneyo, imoto iyaphulwa, ekuhambeni okubi kuya kuthengiswa ngentengo. ERashiya kukho abaqokeleli kwigaraji elisondeleyo apho "Honda" okanye "Mitsubishi" ebizwa ngokuba yi "Kovrovets" okanye "Voskhod", njengoko inqanaba lokungabikho kwiithuthuthu zexesha laseSoviet liphezulu kakhulu kunabameli baseJapan. Kwaye ixabiso lomatshini ngokwemali kule mali alunanto, kuba kukho ixabiso lexabiso elifaniyo apha.