Inshorensi Enyuselwayo eYurophu: ukubuyekeza

Zonke iintlobo iinkonzo inshorensi ixesha elide yaye zibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu. nyaka ngamnye, sikhusela iinkqubo zawo zempilo, qiniseka ukuba inshorensi imoto, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bafumane kunye neenkqubo ezongezelelweyo. inshorensi eziphila - enye yeenkonzo embalwa, apho uninzi baseRashiya bengenalo nofifi. Ngoxa kumazwe aseYurophu, -nkqubo - oku ziqheleke yaye ngisho elithile kuyimfuneko. Kuba practice ixesha elide abantu isetyenziswe ukulondoloza imali ngale ndlela. Okukhona ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo we-CNM ukhusela nto zexabiso umntu - ubomi bakhe kunye nempilo.

Nangona ubomi babantu le ezixabiseke ngayo, oko akuthethi ukuba ixabiso layo ayikho imfuneko. Malunga ngale ndlela yokucinga abe omnye baseYurophu ezintathu. Yiyo le inshorensi yobomi oluqhelekileyo eYurophu sele ukuphuhlisa iminyaka emininzi.

Yintoni na?

Lo mgaqo-isuntswana kufana idiphozithi. CNM - mali lwexesha elide kunye nokwanda agcina kunye notyalo ingeniso surplus.

Qukumbela isivumelwano eso kunokuba ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya 35-40. It ingabonwa njenge uhlobo yebhanki kwiSabi, elikhusela ngakumbi kuni evela iindleko xa kuthe ukufa, ukugula kakhulu, ukwenzakala, nokukhubazeka, kunye nezinye iingozi kunokwenzeka. Ukuba kwenzeka naziphi na ngasentla, inkampani uya kuhlawula isixa esipheleleyo. Ukuba konke kuhambe kakuhle - mali kuqhubeka ukuze yande.

Imirhumo yenyanga ye-inshorensi endowment zahlulwe iinxalenye ezimbini:

• ukuhlawula imingcipheko enokuba;
• ukuyilwa ibhanki kwiSabi.

inxalenye exhaswayo ukuze kutyalwa imifuziselo ezahlukeneyo zemali ukuze bafumane ingeniso nkarhinyana. Emva kwexesha eliphelelwa kwesivumelwano, lo lomxhasi ngokuzimeleyo isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukufumana zonke isixa okukhona ngexesha elinye okanye bakhetha iintlawulo efanayo ngohlobo ukongezwa yomhlalaphantsi.

Ukuba sithethe umthetho Russian, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba loo mali irhafu. Kwakhona, abanako kuqokelelwa ze kuxhamle amaqela wesithathu, nkqu enkundleni. Oko kukuthi, lahla-mali umthengi nga kuphela ngokwakhe kwaye akukho mntu wumbi. Insurance (olusezantsi) e Europe phantse iingenelo efanayo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi inshorensi yobomi kunye nokugcinwa?

Phantsi nkqubo mula ibhekisa uhlobo kwesivumelwano apho isixa-inshorensi iya kuhlawulwa 1 ixesha. Kulo mzekelo, isivumelwano ubeka isixa enkulu kangangoko ukuba mayihlawulwe ngumthengi phezu kokuvela isiganeko inshorensi. Noko ke, ukuba phambi kokuba ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi ayizange yenzeke kuwe, wenze imali uhlala ne insurer.

Xa ngenye indlela, kuba le meko xa inshorensi lonyuselo. EYurophu, ubazuzileyo inkqubo okanye eMoscow, iinqobo iye. Ngoko ke imali kuya kufuneka uhlawule ngenyanga. Ukuba unayo imali eyintsalela, singenza isixa elifanelekileyo kulo nyaka.

Ebibekiwe kwi-akhawunti yakho ithetha inkampani rhoqo imali kwaye izama ukwandisa. Ukuba oku imali yeinshorensi. Imali lisasazwe ngeentlobo ezimbini yengeniso:

• Alunakuqinisekiswa. Ingeniso apha incinane kakhulu, oko ziyahluka ukusuka-3 kwi-5%.
• Okukhethwayo. Le nxalenye iya kuxhomekeka inkampani iye yakwazi ukutyala imali yakho ngayo. Oku isenokuba-2% okanye 15%.

Ukuba isiganeko benefits nangoku kwenzeka, umthengi nangoko efumana isixa esipheleleyo, emiselwe kuxwebhu. Akukhathaliseki njani imali eninzi yena wayekwazi ukwenza.

Umzekelo, nina bangena kwisivumelwano le CNM kangangeminyaka eli-10 yaye kufuneka linikeze qho ngonyaka 5000 US. Kodwa emva kweminyaka emibini, ube ufumene ingozi, kuba abakhubazekileyo baphulukana nako kwabo ukusebenza. Phantsi isivumelwano, uya kufumana zonke $ 50,000, nangona wakwazi kuphela ukwenza 10 000 $. Ukuba iminyaka elishumi nani nto kwenzeke olubi, inkampani uya kubuyela kuni nonke, nkqu 50 eziliwaka uza kuhlawula nayiphi na inzala phezulu, ukuba ikhontrakthi inikeza njalo. Yiyo loo nto i-inshorensi - lonyuselo. EYurophu, umgaqo-nkqubo onjalo enye yesithathu. Makhe sibone ukuba kutheni.

ulwazi zembali

Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-inshorensi lokuqala eGrisi yamandulo. Kodwa e Europe, isenzeko iye yenziwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Life Insurance waba ngukhokho Dzheyms Dodson. Yena buqu babehamba zonke amangcwaba eLondon yaye Ndipinde ndawabhala imihla yobomi nokufa zonke mangcwaba kunyaka odlulileyo. Ngoko ekubaleni ukuphila uqikelelo le Londoner avareji kunye ixabiso elithelekelelwayo enye inokuba i insurance premium. Kodwa kwiminyaka kuphela emva 77 ka-inshorensi (ezongezelekayo) eYurophu waba ngaphezulu okanye okukhulu kangako. Ekubeni iinkampani ze-inshorensi ezifundisa iinkonzo ezifanayo, ukuba iye ngaphezulu kakhulu. Kwaye abanye babo basebenza unanamhla.

imicimbi yangoku

Malunga ne-70% azo zonke iintlawulo ngoku akhawunti ngenxa UK, eJamani, Italy ne-France. Iinkampani ezininzi kule segimenti igama eqinileyo kunye namava enkulu. Le nto yenza kube numbers ithandwa kangaka inshorensi yobomi.

Iinkampani ze-inshorensi ukuhlawula iinkonzo zabo phantse lonke labantu. Ngo ezisibhozo ezilishumi iintsapho, onke amalungu, kuquka iintsana, imigaqonkqubo. Amanye baseYurophu imigaqo-inshorensi ezininzi kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo ekufumaneni. Kwi-avareji, baseYurophu bachitha kwiinkqubo inshorensi ukuya ikota yengeniso yabo. Apha, isixhobo efanayo - ithuba ukuze aqokelele imali eyongezelelweyo ukufunda umntwana kunye nokwanda pension yabo. Ngoko ke ootatomkhulu okuchwayitha, ukujikeleza ihlabathi ngamandla zindingqavula iikhamera, akukho namnye uyamangala. Banako ukunciphisa.

umthetho yaseYurophu ivumela abaxumi ukuba utyalo kuphela kwi-akhawunti egcina imali ezinkulu okanye kwizabelo zeenkampani inzuzo. SK uxanduva ngakumbi aqinisekiswe ziinkampani reinsurance ngamazwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba imali abathengi 'kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba akuyi ndawo. Nale zinga ukuthembeka inshorensi loo lifana idipozithi nenzuzo kakhulu.

Imarike olunye ukhuseleko European

Njengokuba mhlawumbi waqonda, inshorensi endowment eYurophu - kubangela kakhulu. Nokuba phakathi kwenkulungwane XX, amazwe aseYurophu siqalisile ukwenza elinye kwimarike inshorensi. I-Central Ilungu ebizwa iKomiti Insurance yaseYurophu kunye ofisi yayo eyintloko ibekwe e Brussels. Iinjongo isiganeko esinjalo kuyingozi kakhulu:

• ukuphuhlisa imigangatho ofanayo umsebenzi zonke iintlangano bekwi-inshorensi;
• ukusebenzisa ulawulo olungqongqo ngokugcinwa izivumelwano asebenza ngaphandle.

Iimfuno nawuphi na umbutho

Imibutho ezinikezela ngeenkonzo inshorensi kufuneka bathobele le migaqo:

• aluvumelekanga ukuba zizibandakanye ngakumbi na umsebenzi ngakumbi, ukongeza ekunikeni iinkonzo-inshorensi;
• abaphathi abaphezulu kunye nabanini iinkampani banyanzelekile ukuba bathathe uxanduva ngokupheleleyo ilahleko umyalelo umthengi, akukho ngxelo zolwaphulo, bamngcwalise ileta yomthetho;
• Inkampani kufuneka ingxowa-mali yesiqinisekiso, nto leyo kunika zonke iintlawulo eziyimfuneko.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nayiphi IC ukuba unalo mvume ukubonelela ngeenkonzo inshorensi naliphi na ilizwe EU, ziziqhube kwamanye amazwe iinkonzo ezifanayo, amalungu womanyano.

iinkampani Popular

Uluhlu iinkampani yaseYurophu ethandwa ababandakanyekayo inshorensi endowment (ukurhoxiswa uninzi lwabo HIV), sijongeka njengoku:

• EMunich Re - eJamani;
• AXA - France;
• Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń (PZU) - Poland;
• Assicurazioni Generali - Italy;
• Vienna Insurance Group - Austria;
• GRAWE - Austria;
• Allianz - Germany;
• Legal & Jikelele Group - UK.

Ezi nkampani zinika iindidi lweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana ngokufanayo. Ukusebenzisa omnye kubo, unako lula ukonga imali incapacitation okanye nayiphi na intshukumo ethile (uqeqesho, umtshato).

Phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela eYurophu waqalisa ukuba kuzuze amandla ukuze-ebizwa ngokuba inshorensi mali. umahluko yayo kakhulu ezisisiseko yokugcina siye wachaza ukuba ngexesha lonke ithuba lemvumelwano elo lomxhasi ngokuzimeleyo ukulahla mali. Kuyenzeka ukuba isigqibo ukutyala njani yaye phi na phi na. Kodwa kukho ingongoma ezingalunganga: uxanduva isigqibo kwakhona abe ngumnini-polisi.

isiphelo

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha ukwenza i-inshorensi yokonga baseRashiya uya kuba njengento eYurophu. Ke abemi Russian bazakuyivuyela intsingiselo yokoqobo ibinzana elithi "ixabiso lobomi" kwixa elizayo.