Indlela yokuqokelela isishwankathelo esisisiseko: iminyathelo ngesinyathelo sinyathelo

Inkqubo yokuqeqeshwa yanamhlanje ithatha ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwemali enkulu. Kule nkalo, abafundi nabafundi besikolo, kubalulekile ukuba baqokelele kuphela izifundo, kodwa kunye neencwadi zezifundo, iiferensi kunye namaqaku. Indlela echanekileyo yokwenza isishwankathelo ayinceda kuphela ukufumana ulwazi, kodwa ukugcina ixesha lokulibhala. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo ngoku i-note reference.

Inkcazo

I-abstract ingeniso elifutshane okanye i-akhawunti yengcaciso ethile. Ezi nkcazo eziqhelekileyo zezifundo, iincwadi okanye amanqaku. Ukunikezelwa kolwazi kule fomu yirekhodi echanekileyo, echanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kwirekhodi yemithombo.

Isishwankathelo esisiseko saphuhliswa ngawo-1980 ngu-VF Shatalov, utitshala we-physics kunye nemathematika. Ukususela ngoko, le ndlela iye yaxhaphaka kwaye isetyenziselwa ekufundeni ngokukodwa, kodwa nakubantu.

Inqaku eliyisiseko lifundwa: inqaku lokubhaliweyo yinkqubo ethile yokubonakalisa imiqondiso, equka izinto ezifana nemidwebo, imidwebo, i-cryptogram, kwaye ziqulethe ulwazi olusisiseko oluyimfuneko ukukhunjulwa.

Izidingo eziphambili zokuqokelela

Xa uqulunqa i-note reference, ezi mfuneko zilandelayo maziqwalaselwe:

1. Qaphela ukupheleliswa kokunikezelwa kolwazi. Musa ukuphosa ebalulekileyo, amagama angundoqo.
2. Nika idatha ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngokuqhubekayo.
3. Ukwakhiwa kwamarekhodi. Ukulungelelana ngolwazi olubonwayo kuxhomekeke ekubeni kulula kangakanani kwaye kuyaqondakala isakhiwo.
4. Ukukhulula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa - amafowuni, amafonti, imibala, iirafu kunye namashadi.
5. Faka izifinyezo kunye neempawu xa ubhala. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izifinyezo eziqhelekileyo eziye zamkelwa kunye neenkcazo, kunzima kunzima ukuzenza emasimini ngokuchonga.

Isicwangciso sokuyilo

Sinikeza imfundiso elula kakhulu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuqulunqa iziganeko zaluphi uhlobo kunye nohlobo, ngaphandle kwamakhadi ememori:

1. Bhala igama le sihloko apho kubonakala khona.
2. Funda izinto eziphathekayo uze ukhethe oyintloko.
3. Chaza amagama angundoqo kunye neengcinga ezibonisa intsingiselo yesihloko. Khetha i-subtopics.
4. Khetha iimpawu eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukubhala esi sishwankathelo.
5. Cacisa iprogram ebhaliweyo ye-abstract. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenza ukukhangela iskimu, kubonisa kuso isakhiwo secebo elizayo.
6. Cinga ngeyona ndlela elula yokuhlelwa kwedatha - ngendlela yokuhamba, isicwangciso, imifanekiso.
7. Hlukanisa izinto kwiibhloko kwaye uyihlobise ngokweendlela ezikhethwe nguwe.
8. Yenza isiqulatho esiphumelayo ngoncedo lwababala bamaphepha kunye neepeni, gxi ninisa into ebalulekileyo, ubeke iimpawu zombuzo okanye izikhalazo malunga nexesha eliphikisanayo okanye elibalulekileyo.
9. Phatha izifinyezo eziphambili kunye nokuchithwa kwazo kwiindawo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, qaphela imiba efuna ukuqhutyelwa phambili.

Izinzuzo

Le ndlela ingabandakanyi ukurekhodwa kwemishini yezinto eziphathekayo, ngaphandle kokusebenza kwayo kwangaphambili. Ukuba, kwisicatshulwa esivamile, umfundi angakwazi ukuphinda abhale kwakhona isihloko okanye isiqendu, ukugqiba kwangaphambili ukuba kungakanani ukunyamekela kunye nokweqa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesishwankathelo esisekelayo kubonisa ukuba kuqulunqwa kokuqala kwento.

Inxalenye yeso sihlandlo umfundi ayeza kuchitha ukuyibhala i-synopsis ikhishwa. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwimeko apho ukuhlanganiswa kwamanqaku kunikwe ngqo kwiintetho. Utitshala unokuchitha ixesha elisele emva kwesishwankathelo sesikhathi sokuba kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwento.

Ukukhawuleza ngokuphindaphinda kwe-abstract. Ngokomyinge, enye inqaku lesalathisi linokufundwa ngemizuzu emihlanu. Yintoni endiyithethayo kwimeko xa ufuna ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa, okubandakanya izihloko ezi-10 ukuya kwezi-15. Kule meko, umfundi uya kufuna kuphela iyure nesiqingatha ukuphinda zonke izihloko, kungekhona ubusuku obubusuku.

Abafundi bafunda ukuhlalutya ulwazi olufunyenweyo, gxi ninisa into ephambili kwaye bacindezele itekisi. Ukulungiswa kwamanqaku okubhekisela kunokuba luncedo kwixesha elizayo, xa ubhala inkambo, idiploma kunye namaphepha, okuphanda.

Ukusetyenziswa kootitshala

Abafundi kuphela, kodwa nabafundisi, ootitshala bangasebenzisa izibhengezo kwiklasi. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamanqaku okubhekisa zinokukwenza lula ukuhamba kwezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokomzekelo, utitshala okanye umfundisi unokuzisa kwisifundo isishwankathelo esenziwe ngaphambili kwisifundo phantsi kokufunda nokuhambisa enye ikopi kumfundi.

Ukuqhubela phambili, ngexesha lokuhlola isihloko, abafundi balandela ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwenza amanqaku abo kwisicwangciso esilungiselelwe. Ngokomzekelo, phawula amanqaku abalulekileyo, phawula iimpawu kwiindawo apho umfundisi, mhlawumbi, uya kuhamba ukuze afunde.

Ekupheleni kwesifundo, isishwankathelo esicatshungulwayo sihlala kunye nomfundi kwaye sinokusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo ekulungiseleleni izifundo zokufunda nezifundo, iimviwo, iimviwo.

Izigqibo

Ukusebenzisa inqaku lesalathisi kukunceda ukuba ufunde ngokuthe kratya izinto ngokukhawuleza, lungiselela uvavanyo okanye ulawulo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamanqaku okubhaliweyo kunciphisa kakhulu ukucwangciswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, kufundisa abafundi ukuba bahlele izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokubonisa ubuchule ekufundiseni.

Ootitshala bangayisebenzisa kwakhona ukuqeqeshwa. Oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo lokubhala intetho, ukuqinisa ulwazi lwabafundi kwisihloko esithile.