Imizekelo yeziganeko zokukhanya. Iziqhamo zokukhanya kwizinto eziphilayo

Ukubaluleka kokukhanya ebomini bethu kunzima ukugqithisa. Ichaphazela yonke imisebenzi yabantu ukususela kumaxesha okuqala ukuya kwiintsuku zethu. Ukukhupha imilambo, uMoya womhlaba kwisikroso esisoloko sihlobo lwenkqubo ebonakalayo apho iiparameter zihlala zitshintsha.

Imizekelo yeziganeko ezikhanyayo emoyeni

Imiqolo yegobolondo yegesi yeplanethi yethu ixutywe, iguqule ubuninzi bayo, ifihlile, ibonisa inxalenye yokukhanya, ikhanyise umhlaba. Kwezinye iimeko, umzila weemitha zeemitha, ukudala iziganeko ezimangalisayo kunye nemibala emkhathini. Ezinye zazo zenzeka rhoqo, ngelixa abanye bengaziwa ngabantu.

Azikho zonke iziganeko zomzimba ezifikelelekayo kwiso lethu . Imizobo yokukhanya yenkwenkwezi yeenkwenkwezi, umzekelo, inokufunyanwa kuphela ngekhamera enefuthe elide, elithatha indlela iinkwenkwezi zihamba ngayo kwiindawo eziyingqayizivele esibhakabhakeni xa umhlaba ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke. Ngako oko, ii-optical optical devices are often used.

Ukumangalisa ngobuhle kwaye kufumaneke ukubonwa yimiba yendalo yemvelo, leyo yintsebenziswano yomdlalo wokukhanya kunye negoboliti yegesi yeplanethi yethu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela ngenxa yokusabalalisa imisebe, ukukhishwa kwazo kunye neyantlukwano, xa bejikeleza imida yeempawu ze-opaque. Kule nqaku siza kuqwalasela imizekelo ekhethekileyo yeziganeko ezikhanyayo ezivela emoyeni.

Rainbow

Kwixesha la mandulo lalibhekwa njengebhodi edibanisa umhlaba kunye nezulu. Ifilosofi uDescartes yaqinisekisa i-theory ye-rainbow, ngokusekelwe kwimibala yokukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, yena kunye noNewton, abongezelele ulwazi, bangachaza imvelaphi yeziganeko ezinjalo zangexesha elifanayo zibonwa esibhakabhakeni. Kwaye kuphela kwiXIX yeXIXe i-astronomer Erie wakwazi ukunika inkcazo yale ngqungquthela: umgubo wemvula uthathwa njengesakhiwo apho ukungafani kokukhanya kwenzeka khona. Ingcamango yakhe ibalulekile kulo mhla. Ubumnyama bubonakala xa ilanga likhanya ngendwangu yemvula, esecaleni lesibhakabhaka ngokubhekiselele ekukhanyeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo imbono yombono wokubukela ayikho enye, kodwa iimbombo ezininzi, kodwa ilungiselelo lemibala lihlala lifana.

Iziganeko ezinjalo zokukhanya eziphilayo zibonakaliswa kungekhona nje kwimvula yamanzi, kodwa nakwiindawo zamanzi zamanzi, kunye nenyanga, ilanga kunye nokukhanya okuqhelekileyo kukusebenza njengomthombo wokukhanya. Okuthakazelisayo, izazinzulu zabuza ukuba zivelise le meko kwiimeko ezizenzekelayo, zanikwa malunga nemifanekiso elishumi elinesithoba.

Umqhele oqhelekileyo wabonakala, ngokuqinisekileyo, yonke into, kodwa ubusuku bubhekwa njengento engaqhelekanga yendalo. Ekukhanyeni kwelanga kubonakala kumhlophe, kodwa ngokukhawuleza xa imvula yehla ikhudlwana, iphenduka ngokukhawuleza ibe yimibala. Lo mcimbi uvame ukugqithwa ngenxa yamanzi.

Umlilo ovuthayo

Iingcali zenzululwazi zibhekiselele kwimpembelelo yomlilo. Kubonakala ngekhethelo elithile lelanga ngaphezu komgca wokungqambela ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yemafu, ahlanganiswe ngamakhadiza ebomvu obuso bawo bufana nomhlaba. Kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, ukukhanya kudlulela ebusweni obunobuso, buyaphinda kwaye buyeke emacaleni. Kwaye ke amehlo ethu amangalisayo avela ngamafu, akhumbuza ngomlilo ovuthayo omninzi, isibhakabhaka njengokungathi sihlanganiswe nefilimu ye-rainbow.

Ikholamu yokukhanya

Ngaphambili, iziganeko ezikhanyayo ezenziwe lilanga zazihlala ziphosakele ngenxa yeempawu eziyimfihlo. I-physics iphinda ichaze ezo zibonda ngokudlala i-ray ray kunye ne-ice crystals ezenziwe kwiindawo eziphezulu zomoya. Inqobo yendalo iya kuba nombala womthombo wokukhanya, kwaye ingaba ilanga, inyanga okanye nayiphi na ilanga. Kodwa ukuba zenziwe ngokukhanya kwendalo, iikholomu ezinjalo zide.

Ikholam elula yenziwa ngexesha lokubanda. Amakristal e-ice evaporate ngexesha lokushisa okuncinci, ephezulu yomhlaba, ingumkhuhlane ongabonakalisa kakuhle izibane ngendlela yamakholomu. Le nzekayo yendalo ihlala ihlala ebusika kwiI Falls Falls, enekristal ebonisa ukukhanya kuphela kwiinkwenkwezi.

Bioluminescence eMaldives

Iziganeko zoKhanya kwiindawo eziphilayo zichitha iimbono zethu ngazo. Isiqithi saseVadhu siyaziwa ngokukhanya kwayo okungenakuqhathaniswa, okuphuma kwizigidi ze-phytoplanktons ezihlala emanzini. Kubonakala ngathi iinkwenkwezi zibonakaliswa emanzini. Enyanisweni, i-bioluminescence yinkqubo yeekhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi eyenzekayo emzimbeni wemibhobho. Ukuvutha kumanzi kuhamba kunye namaza ajikelezayo, okwenza ingqalelo engapheliyo kubakhenkethi. Nangona kunjalo, ekuphumeni kwelanga, into eyingqayizivele iphaphazele kwaye iphelile ngokupheleleyo.

Izibane zeSt. Elmah

Imizekelo engaqhelekanga yeziganeko ezikhanyayo kwi-physics ijongwa ngexesha lokuduma kwezulu okanye isivunguvungu. Abanqwelisi bamanzi bathi izibane ezothusayo zavela kumatshini kwaye zanyamalala ngaphandle komkhondo. Inzululwazi ezinjalo ziye zafundwa ixesha elide, zihlala zivela kwizinto ezingatshatanga kunye nezikhombisileyo, xa amandla enamandla kagesi ephakamisa kuwo. Ukukhanya kuvela nakwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeentaba okanye imithi, kumacangca emigca. Imele ukukhanya kwezibane, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iphosakele ngomlilo ovuthayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-blue-blue phenomenon ehamba kunye ne-hatching ayitshisi kwaye ayitshisi, kodwa ayidlulanga ngaphezu komzuzu omnye.

Izibane zeplastiki

Kukho imizekelo emangalisayo yokuhleleka kwezinto ezikhanyayo, ezihlala zijikelezwe iHolo. Kwiimvelaphi zamandulo ze-Eskimo kunye ne-Indiya, imiphefumlo yabafileyo eye yabalekela ezulwini kwibhotwe ngaphezu kwePollar Star iyatshelwa. Kwabo baphila, akabonakali, kodwa umntu unokubona ukukhanya kuwele emafini, xa abemi basezulwini bevula iiifestile. Kukho amabali awaziwayo xa yonke idolophana ishiywe ngobusuku obumnyama, ishiya indawo yokuhlala yayo, ngokubonakala ngathi kukhanya.

Le nkcazo iphinda ichazwe ngeengcamango: xa iifestile zivuliwe oothixo, zibiza abantu abaphilileyo, kwaye baya kwifowuni eNyakatho yeNkanyezi, bafumana indawo yokuhlala yokugqibela apho. Le nto yinto engaqondakaliyo, ekhutshwe emigqabeni. Kukho iingcaphephe ezaziwayo zenzululwazi ezazama ngoncedo lwabaxhasi bamandla kunye nama-radars ukwenzela ukuba kuvelwe umcimbi kunye nokudala amaziko ombane ophantsi ochaphazelekayo ochaphazela ingqondo yomntu. Umsebenzi wawugcinwe mfihlelo, kwaye kwanoku nje into encinci iyaziwa ngabo.

Ngohlobo lweebala ezikhanyayo, ezifana namafu, kunye neetrbhoni ezinkulu ezicacileyo zemizekelo yeziganeko ezikhanyayo kwi-polar aurora. Ukugqibela kubonakale ngokukhanya okukhulu, ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukunyameka kwanyamalala, bawela kwiindawo. Izibane ze-polar zikhanyisa iindawo eziphezulu zemoya, enommandla omangalisayo, xa zibandakanya kunye neengqungquthela ezihlawulweyo kwi- corona yelanga ukuya kwindawo ejikelezileyo. Ngexesha lokukhanya, kufana nesigqubuthelo esikhulu esolula amawaka eekhilomitha, ukuphuma kwamagesi kummandla ovusa iziphepho zamagnetic.

Iimpawu ezivakalayo kunye ezikhanyayo zihamba kunye nokubonakala kwe-Aurora, njengoko kukhanya okukhanyayo kuhlanganiswa ngeemvalo kunye neefowuni ezichaphazela i-radio transmitters, ngenxa yoko uxhumo luphazamiseka okanye luye lwacima.

Ekugqibeleni

Ubume bezinto ezikhanyayo kuye kwaba yinkalo yophando lwabantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Imiphumo ebonakalayo evela kwiindawo zomhlaba zomhlaba iyabonwa kwaye iqinisekiswe ngokwesayensi. Imizekelo yeziganeko ezikhanyayo kwi-physics, ezinikezelwe ekuhlaziyweni, kwaye kungekhona nje kuphela, ziye zatshitshiswa ngokwenene kumntu, nangona kunjalo, upheyiniso olunzima kakhulu nolunqabileyo ngoku lufumanisa inkcazelo. Kwaye iziganeko ezininzi zaphinda ziphindwe kwiimeko ezenzekelayo. Umdlalo wokukhanya ukhange ixesha elide kwaye ixesha elide liya kuba yinto eyanconywa ngayo ezinye izizukulwana, ukubukela njenge-sunbeam okanye ukukhanya kwenyanga kwenza iplanethi yethu ibonakale ehlukile.