Ukuqulunqwa kwe-DSM kwizifundo kwisikolo esiprayimari kubantwana

Ootitshala abaninzi, izazinzulu, iindlela zeengcali zikholelwa ukuba inxaxheba ebalulekileyo ekukhulisweni nasekufundeni komntwana kungowesikolo esiprayimari. Kukuyo ukuba abantwana bafunde izakhono zokubhala nokufunda. Bafunda ukuphulaphula nokuva, ukuthetha, ukubala, ukuqonda. Ukwakhiwa nokuphuculwa kwamandla omntwana wokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo iinjongo, iindlela zokwenza umzekelo, ukuvavanya nokulawula izenzo zabo zibhekwa njengento ephambili namhlanje. Ngamanye amazwi, amandla okufunda akhula. Ukuphunyezwa kwalo msebenzi kunokwenzeka ngokusetyenziswa kwethekhnoloji yokwakhiwa kweDAM. Masiqwalasele ngakumbi indlela ephunyeziweyo ngayo.

Imisebenzi yesethi yezenzo zendalo

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-MCA kwizifundo kwisikolo esiprayimari kuvumela:

1. Ukubonelela abantwana ithuba lokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo iinjongo, ukukhangela, ukukhetha nokusebenzisa iindlela zokuzifezekisa, ukuvavanya nokubeka esweni iziphumo kunye nenkqubo yemisebenzi yabo.
2. Yenza imimiselo yophuhliso oluhambelana nobuntu bomntwana, ukuziqonda, ngelixa lilungele imfundo eqhubekayo.
3. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kakuhle kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphucula izakhono, ubuchule, izakhono kwizifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Nentsingiselo

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-DMS kwizifundo ezikolweni zaseprayimari kubaluleke kakhulu namhlanje. Iimpawu zendalo ziyi-set of variants of the behavior of the child, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyakwazi ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo, kubandakanywa nenkqubo yenkqubo efanayo yokuqonda kunye nokuqonda izinto eziphathekayo. Inkqubo ye-UAL ukwakha ixhoba lemfundo, ivumela abantwana ukuba bahambe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo.

Ukwahlula

Iimpawu zendalo ziqulunqwe kwiibhloko ezi-4 ezinkulu:

1. Uhlobo lwe-DAM lomntu lujoliswe ekuqondeni, ekufundeni, ekuboneni izinto ezixabisekileyo. Izenzo ezinjalo zivumela ukuba sizenzele ukuziphatha ngokusemgangathweni nemigaqo yokuziphatha kunye nemigangatho, ukuphuhlisa isikhundla sethu ngokubhekiselele kwihlabathi, kwaye siqinisekise ukuba inenjongo yemfundo.
2. Ukwenziwa kolawulo lwe-UAD lukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwamandla okulawula umsebenzi wokuqonda. Lo msebenzi ufezekiswa kwinkqubo yokubeka iinjongo, ukucwangcisa, ukubeka iliso, ukulungiswa kwezenzo zabo, kunye nokuhlaziya impumelelo yokuqonda.
3. Ukwakhiwa kwe-DAM yolwazi kujoliswe ekunikeni ithuba lokusebenzisana. Ngokukodwa, ukukwazi ukuphulaphula nokuva, ukuqonda umthungelwano. Abantwana baqala ukwenza imisebenzi edibeneyo, banike iindima, balamelane kwaye baxhasane.
4. Ukubunjwa kwe- UUD kucacisa ukuphuhliswa kobuchule bokuhlola, ukukhangela, ukhethe nokwenza ulwazi oluyimfuneko, ukuyila umxholo ofundwayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ukwakhiwa komfundi we-UAL kufuneka kudibaniswe nenye imilinganiselo yokuhlola. Ezi zikhombisi, ngokukodwa zibandakanya:

1. Umbuso wezempilo.
2. Inkqubela phambili kwizifundo eziphambili.
3. Inqanaba lokuphuhlisa intetho.
4. Ukukwazi ukuphulaphula nokuqonda amagama omfundisi, umbuze imibuzo.
5. Umgangatho wolwazi ngolwimi lwasekuhlaleni.
6. Umnqweno wokuthatha umsebenzi kwaye ufumane isisombululo.
7. Izakhono zokuxhumana.
8. Amandla okulawula ukuziphatha kwabo.

Ukuqwalasela ezi zikhombisi, iindlela zokwenza iDAM zihlonyelwe.

Isicelo esisebenzayo

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-MDA kwizifundo zeemathematika, ngokomzekelo, kunokuqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa imizekelo enengqiqo kunye nezixhobo ezingokomqondiso. Abantwana banikezwa imisebenzi emininzi. Kuyo kubalulekile ukufumana icebo elibonisa uxhulumaniso olunengqiqo phakathi kolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye olufunwayo. Kule meko, abantwana basombulula ngqo umsebenzi wezemfundo. Ukongezelela, basungula imodeli enengqiqo enquma ukulungiswa kwedatha ekhoyo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-MDA kwizifundo zeemathematika kubonakala njengesigaba esibaluleke kakhulu endleleni yokuphumelela ngokuphumelelayo kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zokusombulula iingxaki.

Ulwimi lwesiRashiya

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwakha iDAM. Ukuzifunda ngokuzimeleyo nokuvavanywa kwamathekisthi kusebenza kakhulu kwiiklasi zaseRashiya. Abantwana banikezwa itekisi apho kukho iziphambeko ezahlukeneyo (isitayela, iziphumlisi, umzobo, i-lexical, isipelingi). Kanye kunye nabafundi, imigaqo yokuphicothwa yenziwe, eyenza ukulungiswa kwamanyathelo. Ukuhamba ngokuqhubekayo ukususela kwintsebenzo enye ukuya kutsho, phantse bonke abantwana abangenawo uncedo baqala ukujamelana nomsebenzi. Ingongoma ephambili apha ukubiza isenzo ngamnye ngumntwana. Iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo zonke izixhobo zokulawula ngaphandle kokungafani kunye nokuqonda umxholo wezenzo.

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-DIC yokuxhumana

Izenzo ezinjalo zendalo zivumela ukubonelela ngolwazi lwezentlalo, ukukwazi ukuphulaphula nokuqhuba intetho yenkcazo, ukuxhomekeka kwabanye abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Bakhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo edibeneyo, ukudibanisa kwiqela leontanga, ukubambisana kunye nentanga. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-MCA kwizifundo kwizikolo eziprayimari kufuneka kwenziwe ngokudala izimo ezinxulumene nokuqaliswa kokusebenzisana kwinkqubo yemfundo. Iiklasi ekufundeni kwincwadi yokufunda, ukufunda ihlabathi elikujikelezayo lenziwa ngohlobo lwe-workshop ye-pedagogical workshop. Isekelwe kumsebenzi wabantwana ngamaqela. Abafundi bahlela ndawonye imisebenzi yabo, basasaze indima, imisebenzi, iimpazamo ezichanekileyo. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-ACD kwizifundo zehlabathi ezisijikelezayo senziwa ngendlela yenkomfa yenkomfa. Ngokomzekelo, omnye wabafundi udlala indima yezilwanyana zehlathi - "isivakashi". Uphendula iimbuzo "abafundi" ababuza kuye:

• Liliphi igama lakho?
• Uyidla ntoni?
• Uhlala phi?

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-MDA kwizifundo ezikolweni eziprayimari kufuneka kwenziwe kwiimeko xa umntwana ngamnye ekwazi ukuveza uluvo lwakhe, ekwazi ukuba uya kwamkelwa.

Iintlobo zezenzo

Ukudibanisa i-DAM kufuneka ifake:

1. Ukucwangciswa kwentsebenziswano kunye notitshala kunye noontanga kukusekwa kwemisebenzi yabathathi-nxaxheba, iinjongo, iinketho zokusebenzisana.
2. Ukuqulunqwa kwemibuzo - inxaxheba kwindlela yokuqokelela kunye nokuqokelela ulwazi.
3. Ukusombulula iingxabano - ukufumanisa kunye nokuchongwa kwengxaki, ukukhangela kunye nokuhlalutya ezinye iindlela, ukwamkelwa nokuphunyezwa kwesisombululo.
4. Ukulawula izenzo ze-partner-control, ukulungiswa, ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha.
5. Ukukwazi ukuchaza ngokucacileyo nangokuchanekileyo iingcamango ngokuhambelana nemimiselo nemisebenzi yokusebenzisana, iifayile zeengxoxo kunye neentetho ze-monological ngokwemiqathango yokusetyenziswa kolwimi kunye negrammatical.

Izenzo zomntu ngamnye

Ukwakhiwa kwe-UAL kwisikolo kuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa kwe-values-semantic orientation of children. Izenzo ezinjalo zihlakulela ukukwazi ukulungelelanisa iziganeko kunye neziganeko ezifunyenwe kunye nemigangatho yemigangatho emphakathini , ukufunda imigaqo yokuziphatha nokuchonga indlela yokuziphatha yokuziphatha. Siyabonga kubo, ukuqhelaniswa kubonelelwa kwiintsebenziswano kunye noxanduva lwentlalo. Esi sikhokelo somsebenzi wemfundo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungaziqhelise izinto ezinje zendalo:

1. Ukuzimelela kubungcali, buqu, kubalulekile.
2. Ukuqhelanisa nokuziphatha ngokuzimeleyo kukuhlolwa kokuziphatha komxholo ofundwayo, ukubonelela ngokhetho ngokubanzi noluntu.
3. Ukuqulunqwa kobuchule kukusekwa koxhumo phakathi kweinjongo zokufunda kunye nesisiseko, isiphumo sokufunda kunye nesishukumisayo. Umntwana kufuneka abuze malunga nokubaluleka kwemfundo kuye, kwaye akwazi ukufumana impendulo kuyo.

U kufunda

Uqeqesho lwe-DU kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi luhamba kancane. Kwizigaba zokuqala kunzima ukudala iqela eklasini. Ukugxininisa imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, imithetho yokuziphatha, kunye nokusekwa kobudlelwane, kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi omkhulu. Iquka imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-DUS kwisikolo sokuqala kubakho kwisakhelo seeyure zeeklasi, iingxoxo ngabanye, imisebenzi yee-curricular, iiholide ezidibeneyo. Ukuphuhliswa kokuziphatha nokuziphatha kuququzelelwe ngokufunda ngokubhala. Inomsebenzi obalulekileyo, owenzayo owenza ukuqinisekiswa kobuchule bokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha kweetekisi zobugcisa. Ngenxa yokuba ngamnye umntwana uya kubona kwaye azivelele umsebenzi ngendlela yakhe, utitshala kufuneka azame ukutyhila ubuntu bakhe. Ixesha elininzi kufuneka lizinikele emsebenzini ozimeleyo wabafundi-ukuzifunda ngokwabo. Oku kuya kumvumela umntwana ukuba abonakalise ixesha elingenakuqondakalayo, afumane izifundo ezikufutshane naye, wabelane ngokubonakala kwakhe.

Imeko ebalulekileyo

Ukwakhiwa kwe-ACS, ekhuthaza ukuqonda, ukuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko ngokubanzi, kuqhutywe kwinkqubo yemfundo ebanzi, kwi-meta-umxholo wesifundo, ekufundweni kwenkqubo yoqeqesho, kwintlangano yeendlela zokusebenzisana ekujonganeni neengxaki. Kodwa yonke le misebenzi iya kusebenza kuphela kwindawo efanelekileyo. Wonke umntwana kufuneka abe neengxaki nenkxaso yomfundisi.

Imisebenzi kaMfundisi

Injongo ephambili yemfundo eprayimari kukunika uncedo kumntwana ngokuvuswa kwayo yonke into eyenziwa ngayo ngoncedo lwenkqubo yemfundo. Kufuneka azifumene kwaye aqonde, ekugqibeleni, ufuna ukuphelisa amacandelo angalunganga kwaye aphuhlise. Inxaxheba ephambili kulo msebenzi unikwe u titshala. Ngamnye utitshala kufuneka aqonde ngokucacileyo into awazama ngayo kwimfundo nokukhuliswa kwabantwana. Inkqubo yemfundo ichaza umxholo kunye neempawu zomsebenzi wengane, inquma umgangatho wophuhliso olusondeleyo lwezenzo zendalo.

Msebenzi wo titshala

Ukuphucula ikhono lokuhlalutya nokuhlola ngokwaneleyo izenzo zabo, abantwana kunye notitshala bavelise i-algorithm. Ngelo xesha, ingqalelo ijolise ekuphuhliseni ixabiso lezabelo. Utitshala akaqhathanisi abafundi kunye nabanye, kodwa uthelekisa umphumo wamanje womntwana ngezolo. Utitshala uthatha abantwana kwinkqubo yokufumanisa ulwazi olutsha. Kanye kunye notitshala abantwana besikolo baxoxa ngokubaluleka kwalolu hlobo okanye lo msebenzi, intsingiselo yayo, ukuba ingaba luncedo njani kwikamva. Utitshala uhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekuzihloliseni abantwana. Ubabonisa indlela yokufumanisa nokulungisa iphutha. Utitshala ufundisa abantwana indlela yokusebenzisana ngamaqela. Bonke bafuna isisombululo esifanayo, bahlalutye iingxabano, bafumane iindlela zokuzisombulula.

Imephu yokufezekisa

Yenza njengenye yezona ndlela zichanekileyo zokubunjwa kwe-UAL. Umntwana ngamnye udala ikhadi lakhe, elibonisa impumelelo yakhe kwintsimi enye. Kuye, indawo ekhethekileyo inokunikezelwa kwindawo. Ikwaziswa, njengomgaqo, kwindlela yencwadana, apho zonke iziphumo eziphunyeziweyo zibonakaliswe ngesimo. Ikhadi linokunceda abantwana:

1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ezifanelekileyo ngokusombulula iingxaki.
2. Ukuchonga nokuqonda indlela yabo yokuphucula ukuqeqeshwa.
3. Ukucwangciswa kwamanyathelo amanyathelo.

Isiphelo

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-UAL kwenziwa kwinqanaba lokuqulunqwa kwezifundo ezahlukeneyo. Le nkqubo ichanekile, inenjongo. Kuye kwagqitywa ngeendawo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo, imisebenzi yangaphandle. Zonke izenzo zichazwe yi-GEF. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-DUS kwisikolo esiprayimari ngokuhambelana neskimu esiboniswe kwisicwangciso socwangciso. Imigangatho ichaza amanqaku aphambili ekukhethweni komxholo, ukucwangcisa kunye nokuququzelela yonke inkqubo yemfundo. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo kwiimpawu zonyaka kunye neengqondo zabantwana. Iindlela zokuqwalasela umgangatho wokubunjwa kwezenzo zendalo zikhoyo kwiimfuno zenkqubela yokuphuhliswa koqeqesho ngalunye nakwiiprogram zemisebenzi yehora. Iziphumo zichongiwe kwiklasi nganye. Benza njengesikhokelo ekuhleleni ukubeka esweni impumelelo.