Iiseli Sertoli (sustentotsit): umsebenzi

Abasemagunyeni yokuvelisa ngabantu, ngokuba amatyhalarha. Bona ve iiseli sex - sperm kunye iihomoni, ezifana testosterone. I yokwakheka kunye histological isakhiwo namasende kumadoda ezintsonkothileyo, njengoko le mibutho isiza ukuphumeza imisebenzi emininzi. Bayithatha spermatogenesis - lokuqulunqa nokuphuhlisa kweeseli lwegciwane. amasende kwakhona enze umsebenzi yonyango. Bona zibekwe ingxowa cutaneous okhethekileyo - kwisingxobo samatyhalarha. Kukho igcinwa lobushushu okhethekileyo, nto leyo lingaphantsi kancinane ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Amasende babe imilo okweqanda, ubungakanani yabo 4 cm ubude 3 ububanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kungakhona asymmetry okungephi gonads. Nganye shell iqanda wahlulwe yi izahlulelo ibe ezininzi ngamacetyana. Aqulathe misele kwalula seminiferous ezenza plexus wamatyhalarha. imibhobho yayo efferent ufake epididymis. Kukho luqokelelane uninzi madlozi - entloko. Kamva - namajelo zifakiwe kwi Umbobho Vas, nto leyo kuthunyelwa lwesinye. Ngaphezu koko, ukwandisa kunye ukugqobhoza elinye iqumrhu inkqubo oyindoda lokuzala - endlaleni. Ngaphambi koku, ijelo senziwa duct ejaculatory, ebizwa ngokuba yi Chicken kummandla lo urethra.

isakhiwo Histological le amasende ngabantu

Male gonads luqulathe nomtya spermatic, kunye izicwili Embi. Ngaphandle zezigqubuthelo zabo albuginea. Yena imelwe izihlunu ashinyeneyo nokuqina. Albuginea spliced kunye nomzimba. Ecaleni kwayo sikhula ukwenza wetyhalarha mediastinum. Kweli nqanaba, i zomzimba nokuqina lwahlulwe lwaba ezininzi imicu. Bakha lobules ngaphakathi kuzo tubules kwalula. Bona zimelwe ziiyunithi kwesakhiwo zilandelayo:

1. iiseli Sertoli - sustentotsit. Kunye nezinye izinto ababandakanyekayo ukuyilwa igazi-iba lityhalarha umqobo.
2. Iiseli, ngenxa oluqhutywa spermatogenesis.
3. Myofibroblasts. elinye igama labo - iiseli peritubular. Umsebenzi ongundoqo myofibroblast - kukuqinisekisa ukukhuthazwa kulwelo ZakwaLizwi lamajelo crimped.

Ukongeza, ubume beqanda na inyama Embi. Kumalunga-15%. inyama Embi imelwe izinto ezifana iiseli Leydig, macrophage, emithanjeni njalo njalo. D. Ukuba ngamajelo kwalula banoxanduva ukuyilwa iiseli ngesondo, kukho ukusekwa kunye nokuveliswa iihomoni eyindoda.

iiseli Sertoli: isakhiwo

iiseli Sertoli sibe side. ubukhulu sabo malunga 20-40 microns. Le iiyunithi zokusebenza ezithile enkulu ukuba ezahlukeneyo kuthiwa axhasayo iiseli. Xa kukho icytoplasm ezi seli iqulethe organelles ezininzi. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Core. Ine- mgaqweni, ngamanye amaxesha - kwe-ezimile. Le chromatin kwi ngumongo abelwa edyokhweni.
2. EPS okungenamagingxi-gingxi alatyuzayo. Lokuqala - linoxanduva imveliso ye iihomoni steroid, okwesibini - libonelela iproteni yokuqaphela.
3. izixhobo Golgi. Ngenxa kule organelle, kukho Yindibanisela lokugqibela, ukugcinwa kunye nokususwa kweemveliso.
4. Lysosomes - kukho ukubandakanyeka phagocytosis.
5. Microfilaments. Ezi organelles inxaxheba ekukhuleni madlozi.

Ukongeza, iseli ngalinye iqulethe ngamanqatha Sertoli ukubandakanywa. Sustentotsitov base ukwakweli iindonga tubules seminiferous, kwakunye nencam - ubuso le mithambo.

iiseli Sertoli: umsebenzi

iseli Sertoli yenye macandelo uyila tubules kwalula seminiferous. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko inxaxheba kwinkqubo spermatogenesis, kwaye Yindibanisela iihomoni eyindoda. Kukho umsebenzi zilandelayo eziseleni Sertoli:

1. Trophic. Ezi zinto zinika amadlozi akuqolanga mpilo kunye nezondlo.
2. Kukhuseleko. Iseli nganye a lysosomes kukho icytoplasm - organelles ababandakanyekayo phagocytosis. Anciphisa nasekuvuseleleni iimveliso ukonakala, umzekelo, iingceba spermatids kwabafileyo.
3. Ukunika igazi-iba lityhalarha umqobo. Lo msebenzi kuqinisekiswa yi close cell-cell contact. Le isithintelo kuyafuneka ukuba kwahlula iiseli ngesondo eyindoda egazini kunye izinto eziqulathwe kuyo. Ukongeza, oku kuthintela kwii-buhlungu ezisegazini amadlozi kwi-plasma. Oku kunciphisa ingozi yokuba komtshiso sokuhlasela.
4. umsebenzi Ezingokuqandusela. iiseli Sertoli bazibandakanye ukuyilwa hormone ngesondo.

Sustentotsity eziyimfuneko ukuze kwakhiwe kunye nokugcinwa kokusingqongileyo ezizodwa apho isidoda ukuphuhlisa kakuhle. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ukwakhiwa ionic weeseli Sertoli yahlukile kwi-plasma yegazi. sodium ingqondo lungaphantsi, kwaye umxholo potassium, phezu koko, landa. Ngaphezu koko, ngo Sertoli iiseli nokulungelelanisa izinto ezininzi eziphilayo esebenzayo. Phakathi kwabo - ezi prostaglandins, cytokines, follistatin, imiba ukukhula nokwahlukana, opioids, etc ...

Umsebenzi nokuba isigqeba weeseli Leydig

Iiseli Leydig ziyingxenye wamatyhalarha inyama Embi. ubukhulu sabo malunga 20 microns. Ezi gonads inkunzi ezingaphezu kwe-200 * 10 ⁶ iiseli Leydig. Iimpawu noshowo ezi ngongoma kukuba inucleus kunye foamy elimbhoxo enkulu kukho icytoplasm. It has vacuoles equlethe protein lipofuscin. Oku akhiwa ukubola kwamafutha Okwangoku le Yindibanisela iihomoni steroid. Ukongeza, ukuba kukho icytoplasm iye nucleolus 1 okanye 2 equlethe RNA kunye protini. Umsebenzi omkhulu iiseli Leydig - i testosterone. Ukongeza, ukuba ababandakanyekayo Yindibanisela activin. Le into eshukumisa ukuveliswa FSH engqondweni.

Yintoni Sertoli cell syndrome?

Sesinye sezifo ezinqabileyo zale nkqubo oyindoda sokuzala i Sertoli cell syndrome. Nokubonakaliswa iphambili yale sifo kuthathwa ukungachumi. Esi sifo ezinxulumene mgaqweni iziphene, kuba wabona aplasia (unciphiso olubonakalayo okanye ukungabikho) kwithishyu osandul wamatyhalarha. Ngenxa yale ukwaphuka tubules seminiferous zikhula. Into kuphela ukuba akukho yonakele - seli Sertoli. Elinye igama le nezifo - syndrome del Castillo. Inxalenye iiseli Sertoli nangoku ivavanywa ubani angakwazi, Noko ke, inkoliso yabo - eziqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle koku, le epithelium le tubules atrophied. Spermatozoa kule ngezifo nje kwakhiwa.

Sokunciphisa umsebenzi iiseli Leydig

Ukuba umonakalo Leydig iiseli baphazamise umsebenzi iphambili - yokuqaphela testosterone. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu ezifana:

1. Ukuncipha mass kwezihlunu.
2. Ukungabikho lweempawu eziziisekondari sex (kukhule uboya umzimba uhlobo oyindoda, ilizwi).
3. Ukophulwa yobuntu.
4. kwamathambo Ukwehla.