Iinkwenkwezi - imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo

Astronomy - inzululwazi ejongene ukufunda izinto ezingcwele. Iqwalasela iinkwenkwezi, ezinomsila, izijikelezi, iminyele, yaye lokukhathalela nesenzeko ezikhoyo, ezenzeka ngaphandle koMhlaba, ezifana radiation cosmic.

Ukufunda ngeenkwenkwezi, singakwazi ukufumana impendulo yombuzo "imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo. Yintoni na? ".

Izidumbu yenkqubo elanga

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba kukho imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo, kufuneka uqale uqonde ezinye imizimba yasezulwini yinkqubo elanga.

System Solar - inkqubo-langa, zazijolise inkwenkwezi - ilanga, kunye 8 iiplanethi: Mercury, Venus, Umhlaba, Mars, Jupiter, likaSaturn, Uranus, Neptune. Ukuba umzimba yasezulwini ebizwa ihlabathi, kufuneka anelise ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

• Ngaba zeziphakamiso ukujikeleza ehlabathini nkwenkwezi.
• Thatha ifomu ye sphere, ngeendleko womxhuzulane ngokwaneleyo.
• Yiba ngeenxa orbit yezinye imizimba ezinkulu.
• Musa yinkwenkwezi.

IiPlanethi musa kukhutshwe ukukhanya, ukuba uyakwazi ukubonakalisa kuphela ukuwa phezu kwabo imitha yelanga. Ngoko ke asikwazi ukuba iplanethi - yeyona imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo. Ezi imizimba yasezulwini iinkwenkwezi.

Sun - umthombo wokukhanya on Earth

imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo - iinkwenkwezi. inkwenkwezi elikufutshane Umhlaba - ilanga. Ngenxa ukukhanya kwayo nobushushu, bonke ubomi khona nokuphuhlisa. Ilanga iziko apho iiplanethi, nelokuthwasa kwenyanga, izijikelezi-langa ezincinane, enomsila, awe kunye nothuli cosmic.

Ilanga kubonakala into eqinileyo ungqukuva, kuba xa ujonga kuyo, imisele zayo zibonakala kwacaca. Nangona kunjalo, iye isakhiwo eqinileyo ubunjwe neegesi, hydrogen primary phakathi apho ukhona, kunye nezinye izinto.

Ukuze ubone ukuba Sun akukho yakhiwe ecacileyo, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba kunye umnyama. Emva koko uya kuphawula ukuba ezingqonge bume uqhuba, nto leyo izihlandlo eziliqela mkhulu ubukhulu bayo. Xa ukukhanya lwakudala halo ayibonakali ngenxa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. Ngoko ke, ilanga akukho imida ngqo kwaye igcinwe zikarhulumente sukube.

star

Inani leenkwenkwezi ekhoyo ayaziwa, kodwa ingabekwa kumgama omkhulu Umhlaba kwaye iyabonakala njengoko amachaphaza amancinane. Iinkwenkwezi - umzimba yasezulwini anikeza ngokwakho. Kuthetha ntoni oku?

Iinkwenkwezi - elivuthayo amacandelo yabhalwa kwegesi, ezenzeka ngayo yenyukliya. kumphezulu wazo ube mninzi ezahlukeneyo kunye neqondo lobushushu. Ubungakanani neenkwenkwezi kwahluka enye kwenye, ngoxa iiplanethi ezininzi ezibanzi ngakumbi. Kukho iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kunobukhulu kwelanga, yaye apho, kunye vice versa.

Le nto ndiyibhalayo gas, ukuba kakhulu - hydrogen. Kumphezulu wayo, yi lobushushu eliphezulu, kwemolekyuli hydrogen iqhekeka zibe athom ezimbini. Atom iquka Proton kunye ovela. Nangona kunjalo atom phantsi kweempembelelo amaqondo obushushu aphezulu "ukukhululwa" elektroni zabo, nto leyo igesi, ebizwa - plasma. Atom, ukuhlala ngaphandle ovela, ebizwa i kernel.

Njengoko iinkwenkwezi ziveza ukukhanya

Star, ngenxa yokuba amandla omxhuzulane, uzama compress ngokwayo ngokwayo, okubangela kwisabelo esisezantsi kwaso ngamandla obushushu liphume. Qala kwenzeka reactions zenyukliya, leyo ebangela ukuba kusekwe helium kunye engundoqo entsha, equka protons amabini kunye neutron ezimbini. Ngenxa yoko, ukuyilwa inucleus entsha, isixa esikhulu wamandla akhululwe. Amasuntswana-photon ume ngaphandle namandla excess - nabo baphathe ukukhanya. Le ukukhanya kube nzima, ezithi zivele embindini inkwenkwezi, isiphumo siya kuba ukulingana phakathi xi kba ukusuka embindini kunye amandla omxhuzulane.

Ngenxa yoko, imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo, ezizezi iinkwenkwezi ezikhanya ngokubonelela amandla ngayo enyukliya. Le amandla ijolise ekupheliseni imikhosi omxhuzulane yaye ukukhutshwa ukukhanya. Omkhulu kakhulu inkwenkwezi leyo, amandla okungakumbi bekhululwe, kwaye mhlophe ukukhanya iinkwenkwezi.

enomsila

Enomsila ibandakanya ice ihlwili, apho iigesi, uthuli. Undoqo kuyo ayikhuphi ukukhanya, kodwa xa esondela ezingundoqo ilanga liqala ukunyibilika amasuntswana ngothuli, ubumdaka, iigesi ekukhutshelwe emajukujukwini. Bakha uhlobo ilifu luzizi ehlabathini enomsila, ebizwa - isiqaqa.

Asikwazi athi nonomgca - umzimba yasezulwini olukhanyisela ngokwalo. Ukukhanya ephambili ukuba likhupha, kubonakala kwelanga. Ukuba kude ilanga, lo enomsila kuthiwa na kukukhanya ebonakalayo, yaye sisondela kuphela nokufumana reyi elanga, kuyacaca. Enomsila ngokwayo ikhala ngendlela encinci ukukhanya ngenxa athom isiqaqa Iimolekyuli ayikhuphi photons kwelanga ezifunyenweyo. I 'Umsila' lo nonomgca - i "siluthuli eliwohlokayo", nto leyo kubalaseliswe lilanga.

ayevela

Phantsi yempembelelo womxhuzulane phezu komhlaba lomhlaba kungaba kuwa eqinileyo imizimba yesiqalo, ezo zibizwa ngokuba awe esibhakabhakeni. Ukuba awuzitshisi phezulu emoyeni, yaye xa ecanda kulo kushushu kakhulu kwaye uqale ukuba kukhutshwe ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. Loo eziwa isanga ngokuba Meteor.

Phantsi yengcinezelo umoya Meteor kwaphulwa ibe ziingceba ezininzi ezincinane. Nangona kushushu kakhulu, ingxenye engaphakathi uqhele ukushiyeka kubanda, ezesizwe ngoko elifutshane ngexesha uyawa, ayikwazanga shushu ngokupheleleyo.

Kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba imizimba yasezulwini zikhanya ngokwabo - iinkwenkwezi. bona kuphela ezinako ngenxa isakhiwo neenkqubo ziyenzeka ngaphakathi ayikhuphi ukukhanya. Phantsi kwemiqathango, singatsho ukuba zimpahla - iqumrhu yasezulwini olukhanyisela ngokwawo, kodwa oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa engena umoya.