Iimpawu zesinyithi Physical nemichiza

Ukwahlula iipropati zobuchwepheshe, ngokwasemzimbeni, mechanical kunye lwemichiza zesinyithi. Uphawu emzimbeni womxhuzulane ethile, umbala, lombane. Izimilo eli qela nayo conductivity thermal, ukuziphatha ukunyibilikisa kwanokuxinana intsimbi.

Ngeempawu mechanical ziquka bhetyebhetye, luthambe, lukhuni, amandla, kobulembu.

Iipropati imichiza zesinyithi ziquka umhlwa ukumelana, ukunyibilika kunye namachibi.

Iimpawu ezifana "castability", hardenability, weldability, ductility, izinto zobugcisa.

iipropati ngokomzimba

1. Umbala. Metals musa ukudlula ukukhanya kulo, ukuba ayikho ngaphaya. Xa ukukhanya kubonakala, isiqalelo nganye umthunzi wayo - umbala. Phakathi Umbala metal zobugcisa iye ubhedu kuphela kunye aluminium nayo. Kuba ezinye izinto Uphawu lo nombala nesilivere-omhlophe grey-ngentsimbi.
2. Fusibility. Le kwabalinganiswa ibonisa nokubanako element phantsi ubushushu ukuba ulwelo okuqinileyo. Fusibility ithathwa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zesinyithi. Ngexesha ubushushu, zonke isinyithi ukusuka okuqinileyo ukuya kulwelo. Emva okupholisa, iziyobisi etyhidiweyo, utshintsho umva - ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kurhulumente eqinileyo.
3. Unikezelo lombane. Olu phawu lubonisa ukukwazi sokutshintshela electron simahla kombane. Le Unikezelo lombane komzimba but is ngokuphindwe kaliwaka ngaphezu non-zalo. Ngenxa yokwanda kwicandelo ubushushu liyancipha Unikezelo lombane, yaye njengoko ubushushu unciphisa, ngokulandelelanayo kwandisa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba conductivity ye-aluminium ziya kusoloko ngaphantsi kukhona okumisele ingxubevange.
4. iipropati Magnetic. Ukuze magnetic ngokucacileyo (ferromagnetic) izinto ziquka ayibe kuphela, nickel, intsimbi kunye nenani aluminiyamu zayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha ukufudumeza ukuya kwiqondo elithile uthe izinto balahlekelwe ubutsalane zabo. aluminiyamu zentsimbi akhethiweyo lobushushu igumbi singekho ferromagnetic.
5. conductivity emhlabeni. Le kwabalinganiswa ibonisa amandla ubushushu ngenxa utshintsho ukusuka umzimba ngaphantsi eshushu itshiswe ngaphandle okubonakalayo ukubana kwamasuntswana alo. Inqanaba eliphezulu conductivity thermal ivumela ubushushu kunye nentsimbi opholileyo ngokulungelelana kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Phakathi iziqalelo zobugcisa anelona nani liphezulu zezobhedu.

Insimbi chemistry beshumayela endaweni ekhethekileyo. Ubukho iimpawu ahambelanayo ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise kweziyobisi kwindawo ethile.

Iipropati Chemical zesinyithi

1. Nokumelana. Nokumelana ebizwa ukutshatyalaliswa zokufunda ngolwalamano electrochemical okanye kwemichiza kunye nokusingqongileyo. Owona mzekelo eqhelekileyo kugqalwa zentsimbi Ukurusa. nokumelana phakathi iimpawu ezibalulekileyo yendalo eziliqela zesinyithi. Kulo mba, izinto ezifana isilivere, negolide, platinum, kuthiwa amanene. It has nokumelana ophezulu nickel kunye nezinye nonferrous zesinyithi. Acace iintsimbi zixhomekeke entshabalalweni ngokukhawuleza kwaye yomelele ngaphezu umbala.
2. Oxidizability. Olu phawu lubonisa ukukwazi i element ukuba azithethelele O2 phantsi kwempembelelo arhente oxidizing.
3. Ukunyibilika. Metals ukuba ukunyibilika ulwelo mda xa lukhuni bangaba izisombululo okuqinileyo. Kwezi izisombululo iiathom kwicandelo elinye okulungiswe yikristale emkhusaneni of ezinye kubahlali kuphela ngaphakathi kwemida ethile.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iipropati emzimbeni eekhemikhali etyhidiweyo ezinye iimpawu eziphambili zezi zinto.