I-vasculitis yesistim: iimpawu kunye nonyango. I-Vasculitis - yintoni esi sifo?

I-Vasculitis - siyintoni na esi sifo kunye nendlela yokuchaphazela imvelo ngendlela enzima kule ngozi?

Ukulimala kweVascular

Imikhumbi yegazi ngenxa yeemeko ezimbi zingakwazi ukulahlekelwa yimisebenzi, echaphazela imeko yendalo yonke.

I-vasculitis yesistim isifo esidibene neenguqulelo zentsholongwane kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi. Kwinqanaba langoku, iintlobo ezininzi zezi zifo ziyaziwa.

Iintlobo zezifo zesistim

Ufunde iindidi zeenguqu zentsholongwane emithanjeni yegazi:

1. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamacandelwana ngamarriyiti aphakathi okanye amancinci ambalwa kuthiwa ngama-nasal periarthritis.
2. Esi sifo, esithintela kakhulu imirhoxo kunye neempahla zendlela yokuphefumula kunye nemiphunga, kwaye ke iintso, zichazwa njenge -granulomatosis ye-Wegener.
3. I-vasculitis yenkqubo, iimpawu ezithetha ngokugula kweempahla ezinkulu zomzimba (ngokuphindaphindiweyo - imithambo yekhanda), yayibizwa ngokuba yi-giant-cell temporal arteritis.
4. Iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwiingxube ezinkulu kunye ne-aorta zichazwa njengesifo se- Takayasu, okanye i-aortoarteriitis engeyodwa.
5. Xa i-pathology ithintela imithambo ye-muscle hlobo, ngoko isifo sisichazwa njenge-thromboangiitis obliterans.
6. Isifo esinesistim, esihamba kunye neempawu ezinjenge-stomatitis, utshintsho lweentsholongwane kwiimfucu zomlomo kunye nezilwanyana zamalungu omzimba, kunye nokutshintsha kwiso, kwabizwa ngokuba yi "Behcet's syndrome".
7. I-vasculitis ye-allergen.

Zonke iifom ezi ngasentla zidibaniswa nezizathu ezithile, ezibangela ukuba utshintsho kwiindonga zeempahla kunye nokuphulwa kwemisebenzi yazo.

Izizathu zesifo

Ukumisela inkqubo yokunyangwa kwengqiqo kunye namanyathelo okukhusela, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba le nto okanye ukuguqulwa kwesifo kwixabiso. Kule meko, i-vasculitis yesistim ingaba nomphumo wesigulane.

Zonke iimeko ezivusa ukuvela kwesi sifo asizange zifundwe ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa izizathu ezininzi zingacingelwa:

1. I-vasculitis yesimo njengendlela yokusabela komzimba ekusetyenzisweni kwamachiza athile. Utshintsho oluthile kwiindonga zeenqanawa lunokukhupha isifo se-viral, esasikhatyathwa kancinci kunyango.
2. I-vasculitis yokusebenza njengengxaki yezinye izifo ezithintekayo ezidluliselweyo.
3. Imikhumbi yegazi ingakwazi ukuwa phantsi kwezi zifo njenge-arthritis esebenzayo, i-systemic lupus erythematosus, iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwi-thyroid gland, i-infimmune pathologies, i-Schwartz-Jampel syndrome, ngamanye amaxesha i-glomerulonephritis.

Zonke ezi zinto zichonga i-vasculitis yesistim. Iimpawu kunye nokunyanga kwentsholongwane ayisoloko idibeneyo, kuba ezinye iimpawu zesifo zidlula ngendlela efihliweyo, kanti ezinye, ngokuchaseneyo, ziqhutyelwa kwisigqibo sokungafumani kakuhle.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni? Pathogenesis

Ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo ye-vascular kubandakanya utshintsho olubi emzimbeni, olubonakalisa ngokwabo kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zesifo. Ingundoqo kukuba iinqwelo zithatha inkqubo yokuvuvukala ngokutshabalalisa kweendonga zazo.

Ngamanye amele uhlobo lwe-vasculitis ehamba ngeempawu zalo.

Ziziphi iinguqu ezihambelana nazo zonke iintlobo?

1. Kwi- Behcet's syndrome, kukho imbonakalo emlonyeni womlomo, ngokukodwa i-stomatitis, eyenzeka ngokuphindaphinda. Uphawu lwesibini oluqhelekileyo lunokuthiwa izilonda kwi-scrotum yamadoda, nakwabaseTyhini-ngaphakathi kwesini kunye nakwii-genitalia zangaphandle. Ukongeza kwi-membrane ye-mucous, olu hlobo lwe-vasculitis luchaphazela i-eyeballs kwii-degrees ezahlukeneyo.
2. I-Thromboangiitis obliterans ihambelana nezikhalazo zezigulane njengentuthuko yokuzimela okanye ukuphazamiseka kwezandla ngokukhawuleza.
3. I-Aortoarteriitis engabonakaliyo inika imiphumo enjengeentlungu ezisezantsi nasemacaleni angaphezulu, intlungu ebuyiswe kwisisu, kunye nokuphazamiseka nokukhathazeka kwamehlo.

Iifom ezisele, ngokuxhomekeka ngobunzima, ngokuqinisekileyo azibonakali, kodwa zifuna indlela yokwenza unyango.

Umfanekiso wesimboli

I-symptomatology yesifo se-vascular ingashintsha umfanekiso wayo, ngokuxhomekeka kwendawo yokusebenza kunye ne-pathology ehamba nabo.

I-Vasculitis yesikhumba ibangela ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezifo kwi-system ye-nervous ukukhokelela ekukhuliseni ubukhulu, obuyahlukahluka ukusuka kwi-hypersensitivity ukuya ekunciphiseni ubuchule okanye ukungafi.

Xa ukusasazwa kwemithambo ye-cerebral kuphazamiseka, izibetho kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kuya kwenzeka. I-vasculitis ye-allergen ibonakalisa njengendlela ebonakalayo yokuziphendulela komzimba kwi-stimulus.

Izibonakaliso zezifo zesifo

Kukho izibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo zoluphi na uhlobo lwe-vasculitis, ezi zilandelayo:

• Ukulahleka kwesantya okanye isantya sokutya;
• Ubuthathaka bomzimba, obonakala ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaye luhamba kunye nokunganakwa;
• Ukukhathala okukhawulezayo, kokubili ngokomzimba nokuziphatha;
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphakamileyo - i-subfebrile, kuphela ngamaxesha afinyelela kwi-febrile;
• I-Pallor yesikhumba, ehambelana nokuphulwa kwegazi lokuphela kwegazi.

Ziziphi ezinye izinto ezikhoyo zine-vasculitis? Luhlobo luni lokugula kwaye luyakwazi njani, ungayifumana impawu eziqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlobo lwe-nodular lwe-vasculitis lubonakaliswa ngentlungu evezelayo emzimbeni wonke. Intlungu isasazeka esiswini, ikhuphe ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukuphazamiseka kwemathumbu, ukuhlanza, isisulu sokubamba isisu kunye, ngenxa yoko, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

I-granulomatosis ka-Wegner iyabangela ukuba i-pathologies ibe yintonga emzimbeni, ngokuchanekileyo, kwisono sayo-i-pus, igazi kunye ne-mucus zifihliwe. Iinkqubo ezinobungozi zingenzeka kwi-mucosa yangasese. Emva koko kukho ukukhwehlela, intlungu emva kwe-sternum, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukuhluleka kwezintso kunye nabanye.

Isilonda sephepha

Xa iinkqubo zentsholongwane kwiimikhumbi zibangelwa yindlela yokuphikisa, oko ke lo hlobo lubizwa ngokuba yi-skin vasculitis. I-vasculitis yesikhumba iyaqhubeka njani?

Esi sifo sineentlobo ezininzi ze-percolation:

• Uhlobo olulodwa lwe-nodular, okanye u-Werther-Dumpling, lubonakaliswe kwiisalathisi zesidumbu esikhumbeni sombala we-cyanotic kunye ne-brown tinge;
• Okwesibini yi-arteriolitis e-Ruitor ye-arteriolitis, ebonakaliswa ngophethi oluqhelekileyo eluswini, kunye ne-crusts enomzimba, izilonda, izilonda ezilandelwa yi-necrosis.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-vascular system

Ukhetho lweendlela zokuxilonga kufuneka lusekelwe kubonakaliso lwangaphandle lwe-vasculitis, kodwa amanyathelo angaphezulu kwiseshenyenziselwa asetyenziselwa ukuchonga iifom ezisezantsi.

Ukuqala, isigulane esinokuthi sifanele sithathe uvavanyo lwegazi ukuchonga utshintsho kuyo. Xa izibonakaliso ezininzi ze-hemoglobin ziphantsi kakhulu kunezona ziqhelekileyo, oku kubonisa ukuqala kweenkqubo ze-anemic emzimbeni-inkxalabo enzulu ye-pathology ye-vascular.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kwenzeka xa ukuxilongwa "kwe-systemic vasculitis" kusekelwe kuhlalutyo lomchamo, ukuba lufumanisa i-erythrocytes kunye neukocytes.

Uhlalutyo lwesibini oluphawulekayo, kodwa kungabalulekanga kangako ukuxilongwa, yi-biopsy. Kule nto, isigulane sidinga ukuthatha isiqwenga seetyhulwa zezixhobo zeemviwo ezincinci.

Vasculitis. Iimpawu neNyango

Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba i-allergerm isifo se-vasculitis okanye yesibini, unyango lunqunywe ngabanye, kwaye aluqondisi nje kuphela kunyango lwe-pathology ethile, kodwa nokubuyiselwa kwendalo yonke, eye yabandezeleka ngokuthe ngqo kwimvelaphi yesifo se-vascular.

Injongo yonyango iphela ekupheliseni iimpawu zesifo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi.

Iziyobisi ezisebenzayo kwi-vasculitis yenkqubo:

• Iziyobisi zeCorticosteroid;
• Iziyobisi ze-Chemotherapeutic;
• Immunosuppressants.

Nge-vasculitis enobudlova, unyango olunzulu kunye nonyango luyimfuneko. Oku kuyimfuneko xa kwenzeka ukuphazanyiswa kwezitho ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nentliziyo, isibindi, imiphunga, izintso. Kule meko, isigulane siphinde sanyuswa kunye neyonyango olulandelayo .

I-Vasculitis yesikhumba kufuneka iphathwe isigulane okanye kwisibhedlele, ngokuxhomekeke ekuqhubekeni kwenkqubo ye-pathological. Ngesi sifo, umphumo wokucoceka okucokisekileyo kwi-infection ye-infection, eqhubeka isele kwisigaba esingapheliyo, iya kusebenza.

Isigulane sifanele sihambelane nokuphumla kwesibhedlele kwaye sithathe ezi zi yobisi:

• Ama-antihistamines, phakathi kwazo izidakamizwa ezisetyenziswayo kwi-vasculitis ziyi "Diprazin", "iDedrolrol", "Fenkarol";
• Ukulungiswa kwe-microelement ye-calcium - i-injection ye-10% ye-calcium chloride okanye isisombululo se-gluconate;
• Rutin, ascorbic acid.

Ukuba ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga, izixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokusebenzisa iziyobisi ze-hormone, ezinjengeemithi "Prednisolone" kunye ne "Dexamethasone".

Xa eso sifo sihamba kunye neenkqubo zesilonda kunye ne-necrotic, unyango lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesicatshulwa se-glucocorticoid ointment ("Borno-naphthalan", "Metuluracil" amafutha kunye nezinye), izidakamizwa ze-epithelioplastic.

Ngonyango olude, kodwa olungenakusebenza, amayeza angiotrophic asetyenziswa. Ezi zilungiselelo "iDobesilat-calcium", "i-Xanthinal nicotinate" kunye nabanye.

Ziyintoni na ukuxelwa kwesi sifo?

Ukuxilongwa kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-vasculitis kunye nobuhlungu besifo. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokonyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elinokubangela ukwandisa ubomi bomguli. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo nokuphuhlisa i-regimen yonyango. Kufuneka ukuba ukhethe amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nemilinganiselo ukuze ugweme iingxaki kunye nemiphumo emibi.

Akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela isiphumo sesifo kwangaphambili, njenge-vasculitis yenkqubo. Unyango oluninzi, luya kuphelisa ubomi. Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo siqhubeka kwifomu engapheliyo, kwaye amaxesha okuxhatshazwa alandelwa ngamaxesha okuxolelwa. I-Vasculitis ayiphilwanga ngokupheleleyo. Umntu kufuneka ahlale etyelela ugqirha aze alawule iimpawu.