I-epithelium isicatye kwi-smear ithetha ntoni?

Ukuya kugqirha akusona sihlandlo esihle kunazo zonke kuthi. Kodwa, ngokunyamekela impilo yabo, sinyanzeliswa ukuba sivumelane neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezingafaniyo. Abasetyhini abaninzi abanomdla obunzima nabangathandiyo bacinga ngokuvakatyelela kwintsholongwane. Ngokufanelekileyo, isondo esifanelekileyo sifanele sihambe kule nkcazo ephindwe kabili ngonyaka, kodwa iinjongo zobomi zinjalo ukuba le nto ayifumaneki kuwo wonke umntu. Intsapho, umsebenzi, ubudlelwane obunzima nomntu, ubomi obunqabileyo, ukusilela, ukunyamezela, ukutyelela ukutyelela kwi-gynecologist de kubekho iingxaki zempilo ezinzima.

Xa u tyelela umfokazi wezilwanyana kufuneka ulungele ukuba ufanele ufumane iimvavanyo zokuzimisela amabhaktheriya kunye nobukho bezilwanyana ezincinci kwi-vaginal. Emva kokufumana iziphumo, kuphakama imibuzo emininzi, umzekelo, nokuba i-epithelium kufanele ibe yindlwana kwi-smear, okanye zingaphi iibhaktheriya kunye nezinye izinto ezivunyelwe kwiiflethi. Kule nqaku siza kuthetha malunga neepropati, iintlobo kunye nenani le-epithelium yiplatili ekuhlalutheni.

Iimpawu zokuHlalwa koMsebenzi

Uphando lwee-cell lufanele lwenziwe rhoqo kubo bonke abafazi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-18 ubudala. Iqeshwe kanye ngonyaka kwaye ayixhomekeke kwimeko yempilo yommeli wesahlulo esicuthakathaka somphakathi. Ukuba kukho na utshintsho olungavumelekanga kwintsholongwane, ugqirha unokumisela uhlalutyo njengoko luyimfuneko. Ukususela kutshanje, izifo zamalungu omzimba wesini ziye zanda kakhulu, imeko yendalo yongqongileyo kwaye abantu baninzi bexinzeleleke, iingcali zikhetha ukubeka i-smear yocwaningo lweeseli ubuncinane kabini ngonyaka.

Ngaphandle kwalolu hlalutyo, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ngokuchanekileyo iinkqubo zesifo se-patholox esenzeka emlonyeni wesibeleko. Esi sifundo sithandwa ngenxa yokuba sikwenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhuselekileyo sibone ukuvuvukala, izimo ezinqabileyo kunye nomhlaza kumfazi. Ukongeza, unako ukubona iiseli ze-epithelium eplatiliyo kwi-smear, ibonisa nokuba khona kwe-leukocytes, ibhaktheriya, ifungi.

Ingaba i-epithelium eplatili ingaba se-smear?

Ngamanye amaxesha amabhinqa, xa efumana iziphumo zohlalutyo, ayesaba ubukho beeseli ze-squamous epithelial kuyo . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kuba ubukho babo buyi-physiological justified. Inyaniso kukuba umbele wesibeleko kunye nesiswini sinamatheko abizwa ngokuba yi-flat epithelium. Kwi-smear, isiqhelo seseli kummandla weembono zifikelela kwizicucu ezili-15. Ukungabikho kwabo okanye ukuphambuka okukhulu ukusuka kwinqanaba elincinci kubonisa ukuba kukho iinkqubo zengqondo zendawo. Ungalokothi wenze isigqibo malunga nomgangatho wezempilo, esekelwe kuphela kulo mqondiso kuhlalutyo. Ugqirha unokukwenza umfanekiso opheleleyo wempilo yowesifazane (okanye ukungabi nalutho) kuphela ngokulinganisa iiparitha ye-epithelium yeplatili kwi-smear kunye nezinye izinto.

I-epithelium isisityebi kwisamba esincinane

Akusoloko ixabiso eliphantsi kweyiphi na into ekuhlalutyo ibonisa umgangatho. Emva koko, nayiphi na ukuphambuka kuyo kungonakalisa impilo yethu. I-epithelium yiplatiliyamu kwi-smear (isiqhelo sayo esiboniswe ngasentla) inokuba yinkalo yombono, kodwa ibe nemilinganiselo ye-1,2,4. Inani elincinci lala maseli lingabonisa ukungabi niselo kwemveliso ye-estrogens, kunye ne-hormone yamadoda inani elongeziweyo. Ukuba ezi iiseli azibonakali nonke ngokuhlolwa ngokucophelela, oku kubonisa ukuba bahlaselwe. Ukungabikho kwabo ngokupheleleyo kufuneka baqaphele ingcali, ekubeni ukufa kwama-epithelial cells kungakhokelela ekuqaleni kwesisu somhlaza. Ukuze uqinisekise le ngcamango, kubalulekile ukwenza uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo kunye nezifundo, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokwethuka ngeziphumo ezinjalo.

Kuthekani ukuba i-epithelium yiplatiliyamu kwi-smear ingaphezu kwesiqhelo?

Iingcali zikhawuleze ziqwalasele iziphumo zohlalutyo ukuba iiseli zepithelium eplatilium kwi-smear zigcinwa ngobuninzi. Iimpawu ezingaphezulu kwe-15 zibhekwa njengento yokuphambuka ukusuka kwimiqathango kwaye ingabonisa ubukho beenkqubo ezinjenge-inflammation of tissue tissu, ukuphulwa kwesifo se-tumor (sophisticated mastopathy). Kwakhona, inani elikhulu lamaseli e-epithelial lingabonisa ubundlobongela bezilwanyana ezincinane.

"Izikali" ezingenakhokliya (ezibonakala njenge-flat epithelium) zingakhula ngaphandle kwendawo. Oku kubonakala kwiimvumi ezinobungozi, kunye nakwiinkqubo ze-pathological hyperkeratosis. I-Hyperkeratosis kukuphulwa kweekatatini, apho iziphathamandla ezingajonganga zilawula ukuba zinjani kunye nendlela i-epithelium ifana ngayo. Kwi-smear ezininzi zinokuthi zisekho ngenxa yokubaluleka okukhulu kwexabiso le-estrogens emzimbeni. Kule meko, lona wesifazane usengozini yokukhupha isisu. Iiseli ze-Epithelial zihlolisiswa ngokucokisekileyo ukwenzela ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa komhlaza kwiindawo zokuqala.

Utshintsho oluthile kwi-epithelium eplatiliyo kwi-smear

Iziphumo ze-smear eziqhelekileyo zingabandakanya iimviwo ezongezelelweyo kunye nonyango. Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli ze-epithelial zingena kutshintsho oluthile. Iiseli ze-epithelial kufuneka zihambelane nomgangatho wesimo, isakhiwo kunye nobukhulu.

I-epithelium ephahleni kwi-smear ingaba kunye ne-epithelium. Oku akukona ukuphambuka ukusuka kwimimiselo ukuba i-smear ikhutshwe kwingingqi yenguqu (isalathini somlomo wesibeleko kunye nengxenyeni yegazi). Ukuqwalasela ukuba i-epithelium ibeka umgca kunye nomfazi kwiindawo eziliqela, iiseli ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zingaboniswa kwiziphumo zohlalutyo. I-multiplelayer flat epithelium inokubonakala kwi-smear, iziphumo ezinjalo ngaphandle kweempazamo ezongezelelweyo kwisakhiwo okanye ubuncinci beselunxweme ziqwalaselwa kwimida yomgangatho.

Musa ukhathazeka kakhulu xa utshintshile iiseli zesifo se-epithelial. Oku akusiyo into ethembekileyo yokuba umdlavuza ukhula. Ukungaqhelekanga kwisakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa kwamaseli e-squamous epithelial kungabonisa ukuba kuvela iinkqubo zokuvuvukala, ubukho bentsholongwane ye- papillomavirus, izilonda ezinobungozi bomlomo wesibeleko, i-dysplasia.

Olu hlobo lweseli luhluka njani ngobudala?

Ibhinqa ebomini bayo ihamba ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakhe, izitho zangaphakathi kunye neeseli zitshintsha kwakhona. Akunjalo, i-epithelium yaba yincithakalo (kwi-smear ityunjwe ngokuthi "Ep"). Kwiminyaka yokuzala, abafazi bayabona ngokucacileyo umda phakathi kwendawo yamaseli angama-epithelium kunye neendlwana. Babenokubonakala okuqhelekileyo, kwaye iziphumo zohlalutyo ziya kuba nethemba ngenxa yendawo yazo echanekileyo. Kwinkqubo yobomi, lo mda ocacileyo uhambela kwinqanawa yomlomo wesibeleko. Kubasetyhini ngaphambi nangemva kokumiswa komzimba, amangqamuzana e-squamous epithelial awasekho mkhulu njengoko ayekho ngaphambili. Ziba zincinci, kwaye i-lumen ivela kwiinqanawa.

Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuvakala i-alamu xa isalathisi esincinci se-epithelium sibonakala kwi-smear?

Ukuba une-epithelium flat kwi-smear stratums ekhona, ngoko kufuneka udibanise neengcali ukuzithuthuzela. Ezi ziphumo zifanele zihlaziywe, ziqale ngeenombolo kwimiba yombono. Ukuba isiqhelo singagqitywanga, iiseli azitshintshi, akukho sizathu sokwesaba. Emva koko, i-epithelium yiplatiliyi ibeka isisu kunye neendonga zomlomo wesibeleko. Kodwa ngokubaluleka okukhulu kwenani leeseli, kufuneka, ngaphandle kokulibaziseka, uye kwi-gynecologist ukuze kuqeshwe uviwo olongezelelweyo.

Ufanele uzilungiselele njani uhlalutyo?

Ekubeni umfazi ehlala kumjikelezo, kufuneka aqonde ixesha lokwenza isisu sesisu. Kwiminyaka yokuzala kubalulekile ukubala iintsuku zokuya esikhathini, mhlawumbi i-epithelium ingaxhomekeke kutshintsho kwi-smear. Iziphumo ezininzi eziphosakeleyo zafunyanwa ezandleni zabasetyhini ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yeempendulo ezingalunganga zendalo. Kwala mabhinqa anesiqalo, kufuneka athathe i-smear kungekudala kunomhla wesihlanu wokuya esikhathini. Ukongezelela, uhlalutyo kufuneka lwenziwe ubuninzi beentsuku ezingama-5 ngaphambi kokuqala kwenyanga, kungekudala. Ukuba isondo sesondo senzekile, unyango luye lwangeniswa kwisini okanye i-sanation yenziwe, i-biomaterial iya kuba ilungele ukuqokelela emva kweeyure ezingama-24.

Izinto eziphathekayo zisetyenziswe kwiiglasi ezimbini kunye ne-brush ephathekayo okanye i-spatula. Iziphumo zilungele iintsuku ezingama-5-10.

Ziziphi izifundo ezongezelelweyo ezimiselweyo xa i-epithelium ye-squam isingqinelani nesiqhelo?

Ukuba enye i-epithelium e-squam echazwe kwi-smear, kodwa akukho tshintsho kwi-cervix, uhlalutyo luqhelekileyo kwaye aludingi iimviwo kunye nezifundo ezongezelelweyo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimeko xa kufuneka ukhangele ngokucophelela kwiiseli ze-epithelial kwimbono ephakamileyo. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukukrokra kokukhulelwa komlomo wesibeleko, i-dysplasia, ukuphuhliswa komhlaza. Kule meko, i-colposcopy okanye i-biopsy yesibeleko imiselwe. Ezi zifundo ziqhutyelwa ngumbono onguchwepheshe obuphezulu, ekubeni umphefumlo wesigulane unokuxhomekeke ekufunyaneni ukuxilongwa ngenxa yeemviwo. Ukuba isilonda se-cervix yesigaba esiphakathi kunye nesiganeko esinzima sifunyenwe, ezo ndlela zonyango njengento yokuxhatshazwa okanye ukususwa kwendawo echaphazelekayo imiselwe.

I-Prophylaxis, uviwo oluqhelekileyo kunye noviwo, ukunyanga ngokufanelekileyo kwenkqubo ye-pathological, inokulondoloza ixesha elide ubomi bakho. Zizilumkele kwaye ungawugijimi lesi sifo!