I-Digitalis: iimpawu zonyango kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiyeza

Isityalo se-herbaceous sesigqabi se-digitalis, esiye saqaphela amayeza aseShayina ngamakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba amayeza enzululwazi aveze ukusebenza kwawo, yile ntsapho yasePodorozhnikovye. Lo mhlaza wezityalo ubizwa ngokuthi "i-digitalys" yeso sityalo esithandekayo, apho abantu babibizwa ngokuba "iintsimbi zehlathi", "izithintelo", "i-wine glass", "ingcuka ye-foxglove" okanye "iintsimbi" (ngokubunjwa kweentyantyambo zayo).

Le mifuno inetyhefu, kodwa iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwimichiza eluhlaza. Amachiza awenziwe ngesiseko sonyango kwiinkathazo zengqondo zomzimba.

Ubuncwane obumangalisayo obonakalayo bubukeka njani?

Isityalo esinexesha elide okanye isityalo sempilo yePodorozhnikovaya digitalis, iimpawu zonyango ezibangelwa ubukho beentlobo ze-glycosides kumaqabunga ayo, zikhetha umhlaba ngomgangatho ophezulu kwi-wild, kwaye zihlanganisene kunye neenxweme, imilambo, emagqabini emagqabi kunye neendlela ezikufutshane. Ukuhlobisa intsimi ngabafuyi, iintlobo eziphantsi ze-digitalis ezinexesha elide lokuqhafaza ziyafumaneka, zihobisa iindwangu okanye zisetyenziselwe iindlela zokuhlela.

"Intaba ye-buttercup", "i-fox" (eli lizwi le ntyatyambo kwiNyakatho Caucasus), okanye "i-snubber", "i-creeper" (kwii-Urals), idibanisa iindidi ezingama-25 (kunye neentlobo zegadi), eziphambili zazo: i-foxglove ebomvu I-Purple, emfusa), enokuba yimfusa, i-pinki, emhlophe kwaye iluhlaza; Enye enye i-foxglove enkulu, iyesithathu iyinkutha (okanye "i-foxglove" yaseSshkinkin), yesine i-woolly. Ngaphandle ziyahluka, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamakhemikhali kunye neempawu zonyango zeentlobo zesityalo esifanayo zifana ngokufanayo. Isiqalo saloo mveliso sinzima kwaye side, ubude bayo bubekwe kwi-half and half to meters. Ukuphulukiswa (kodwa kunetyhefu) ngamagqabi anokubunjwa kwe-lanceolate, ilungiselelo eliqhelekileyo, ngokukhawuleza lijika libe ngamagqabi kunye ne-inflorescence, equkethe imibala enemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo. I-crotch ehlukeneyo emlonyeni ongezantsi weentyatyambo nganye iyayifaka, ihlinzeke ngokukhawulelana okukhethekileyo kwiintlobo "zesithintelo" zethenda.

Ixesha leentyantyambo le sityalo esingathembeki liqala phakathi kwehlobo kwaye iphelile ekwindla. Ukuvelisa imbewu ezininzi kwiibhokisi zigcina ukuhluma kwazo iminyaka emithathu.

Ukwakhiwa kweMikhali yotshani

Iingqungquthela zinconywa ngenjongo yokwelapha ukuqokelela iintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga "iintsimbi" ehlobo (unyaka wesibili emva kokutyala). Ngeli nqanaba lezityalo, inani le-carlyac glycosides kumagqabi esityalo lifikelela phezulu. Ezi zinto zincedo kakhulu zidumile nge-digitalis. Iipropati zokuphulukisa ze-glycosides zibonakaliswe kwisenzo sabo sokunyusa ngomsebenzi wesisu senhliziyo, sinceda ukuphelisa i-arrhythmia. Umxholo walezinto eziyingqayizivele, ezizuzisa umsebenzi wentliziyo, kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo zezityalo.

I-Cardenolides (i-glycosides ye-cardiac) ifunyenwe kwiintyatyambo kunye neziqu zesityalo, kodwa kwimveliso yezityalo, ngokuqhelekileyo ayifumaneki. Kwimbewu kunye namaqabunga e-digitalis, izazinzulu ziye zachonga umxholo we-saponins ye-steroid: i-digitonin, i-tigonin, i-gitonin, i-acetyl digitoxin kunye ne-sarsapogenin. I-Digilanides, i-lanthosides E, i-C, i-B, i-A, i-purpereaglycosides A, i-B, i-flavonoids, i-choline, i-acafe e-caffeic kunye nezinye i-acid, i-aglycones, ishukela kunye neeriti zamaminerali nazo zifunyenwe.

Izakhiwo zokuphilisa

Nangona inkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo, iyeza elisemthethweni labona ukusebenza okuphezulu kwendalo kwisityalo ezifana ne-digitalis. Iipropati zokuphulukisa le ngcambu ekhethekileyo zenze ukuba kuphumelele ukulwa nezifo ezininzi zentliziyo. Ukususela phakathi kwekhulu le-19, izilungiso kwisiseko sotshani lwaqala ukuveliswa yiRashiya, kwaye ngoko-yeSoviet, ishishini lokuxuba. Zine-analgesic, cardiotonic, hemostatic, hypertensive, laxative, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and sedative effects. Ukwakhiwa okwehlukile kweso sityalo kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwiinkqubo ezinzima kuzo zonke izifo zentliziyo, kuquka iintlobo ezinzima zeziphazamiso ezijikelezayo, kunye neendlela ezingapheliyo zokuhluleka kwentliziyo.

Ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, i-arrhythmia (ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo) - iimpawu ezinokunceda ukususa iziyobisi, eziqukethe i-digitalis. Ngengxaki yesifo senhliziyo kunye nokulawula umsebenzi weentliziyo zentliziyo, oogqirha bahlala banika amachiza asekelwe kwi-digitalis ngokunyango. Kwiingxaki ze-CNS, ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa okanye ukuphiliswa kwesilonda, i-powder esuka kumagqabi asomileyo kunye acocekileyo ale ndawo yokuphilisa isetyenziswa.

Ukusebenzisa i-Digitalis

"Thimble" kunye nezilungiselelo ezisekelwe kulo zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuxhatshazwa kwe-vascular, ukuqinisa iindonga, ukulungelelanisa i-hemodynamics jikelele, ukunika izicubu kunye nezihlunu ngegazi, kubandakanywa nenhliziyo. Baya kunceda kwi-cardiosclerosis kunye neziphene ze-mitral, ukusuka ekuphelelweni kwentliziyo kunye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, kwi-fibrillation ye-atrial kunye ne- myocardial dystrophy, kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-tachycardia. Iingcali ziqaphele ukuba i-digitalis yokwelapha ivuselela imiphumo yesifo kwaye igalelo ekunciphiseni kwinqanaba le-cardiac system, ukwanda kwe-calcium kwi-plasma kunye nokwanda kwe-diastole. Le nyathelo inceda ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yentshukumo ye-myocardium kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhamba kwegazi kwiinqanawa. Ukongezelela, i-saponins kunye ne-digitonin ziququzelela ukutywala kwamanye ama-glycosides, okuba isigulane sithatha njengoko kuchazwe ngugqirha ngokufanayo.

Iifom zexabiso

I-digitalis yeerobhothi ebomvu, enomfusa kunye enkulu, inomzimba onomtsalane owenza umzuzwana emzimbeni, ikuvumela ukuba ususe ngokukhawuleza iimpawu ezingekhoyo, usebenzise iziyobisi kwiimeko ezixakekileyo. Ezi zibandakanya: "I-Digitoxin", "iGitoxin" kunye ne "Cordigit" kwiipilisi, "uGitalen" kwisisombululo kunye nefuthe eliluhlaza kumacembe omisiwe esityalo. Ngokwemveliso yamakhemikhali kunye nesenzo emzimbeni womntu onobunzima be-digitalis phantse kufana nomhlobo "obomvu". Izisombululo, eziveliswa namhlanje ngeshishini lokuxuba imveliso kwisiseko sityalo, zibizwa ngokuba yi "Digalen-Neo" kunye ne "Succudifer". I-Woolly digitalis, enefuthe entliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi inefuthe elincinci lokunyuka, likhuselekile umzimba, kwanokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Ukutywala kweziyobisi ngokusekelwe kwizonyango (ezicetyiswayo) amanani angabikho okukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi yecala.

Amacwecwe "I-Digoxin" -iyonyango eqhelekileyo yezifo zentliziyo phesheya. Izinto ezibonakalayo zokuvelisa imveliso yamagqabi aqhoqhozo ye foxglove. Ukongeza kwesi sidakamizwa, namhlanje ungasifumana kwikhemistiki "Celanide" (powder), iipilisi - "Abitsin" kunye ne "Acetil digitoxin", izisombululo - "I-Dilanid" kunye ne "Lantozid" (utywala).

Iilwimi zabantu: imiyalelo evela kwi-digitalis

Abantu baye batyala ixesha elide kwintsimi yabo bengathobekanga, kodwa isityalo esihle kakhulu - i-digitalis, eyaziwayo kwintsimi yelizwe lethu njenge-digitalis. Iifoto zeentyantyambo ezithabathekayo ngeendlela zokuthintela ngeentlobo zeempawu ezinqabileyo zivame ukukhuthaza abalimi ukuba batyale isityalo ukuze bahlobise imichila, i-slides alpine okanye i-curbs. Ukufunda ngeempawu zakhe zokunyanga, amaninzi omama azama ukulungiselela ukupholisa amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo. Kodwa ukulungiswa okuzimeleyo kwezinto zokuhlaziywa, ukulungiswa kwamanzi kunye nezinye izilungiselelo, kunye nokudla kwe-carlyac glycosides esekelwe kwisityalo esinetyhefu, asisongeli nje ukuqokelela kwabo emzimbeni, kodwa kunokukhokelela ekutyaleni kunye nokufa (ngakumbi kubantwana). Ngako oko, ukulawulwa kwe-glycosides (ngexesha lokubanjelwa) kuqhutywe kwiziko lempilo, kwaye iipilisi zonyango lweengxaki ezingapheliyo zezifo zentliziyo zithathwa ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kolawulo lugqirha esibhedlele.

I-Digitalis: iimpawu zonyango kunye nokuchasene

Kukho izifo kunye neemeko apho i-herpes enetyhefu inokuphikiswa khona: i-infyoction ye-myocardial ephazamisayo kunye neempembelelo zentliziyo, i-bloodyarricity block and other manifestations of bradyarrhythmia, endocarditis kunye nekhadiyiti ye-rheumatic esebenzayo, kunye ne-stenosis ye-aortic valve. Musa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokusekelwe kwesi sityalo kubantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo zokuphefumula, i-myocarditis, i-angina, i-pericarditis, i-tastycardia yesisu.

Akunqunywanga ukusebenzisa nayiphi na indlela kunye nale mifuno yokusetyenziswa kwemithi yabantwana abakhulelweyo nabancinane. Isiphumo sokwenza i-digitalis, esivumela ukuqokelela i-cardiac glycosides kwizicubu, kunokudlala indima engafanelekiyo, kubangele ubuthi kunye nokuboshwa kwenyama.

Ukuqapha

Isityalo esinetyhefu se- digitalis, ukusetyenziswa kwayo edibeneyo nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, kufuna uncedo olukhethekileyo ngexesha lokumkela. Ukuba izibonakaliso zetyhefu zibonakaliswe - isicongconi, isifo sohudo, iintliziyo zintlungu, intloko yesisu, utyumbe, ukuxhalala, imilomo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuthuthumela kunye nentlungu enzima emzimbeni, ukufuna ngokukhawuleza ukubiza i-ambulensi, ngokukhawuleza uhlambulule amathumbu, isisu, uthathe i-charcoal okanye enye i-sorbent. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuxinwa, ukuxilwa, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokwenzeka. Idiza elibulalayo lomntu lithathwa njenge-2.25 gram ye-digitalis kuphela. Xa ungena esibhedlele, izigulane ezinetyhefu nge-digitalis (okanye ngokugqithiseleyo kwesichengiselwano ngesiseko) zimiselwe "i-Atropine", i-caffeine, i- potrosiyloride kunye ne "Unitiol." Naliphi na ukusebenzisa amayeza asekelwe kule sityalo ehlobisa kwaye esebenzayo kufuneka avunyelwane noogqirha oya kuyo!