I-Capercaillie vulgaris: inkcazo, ifoto

I-grouse enye yeentaka ezinkulu kakhulu ezihlala emahlathini. Isisindo sayo sifinyelela ku-5 kg. Iqela eliqhelekileyo lomthi linamagama amaninzi: i-moss, umsila omnyama oyisithulu, i-hawk. Le ntaka ivela kwintsapho ye-pheasant (iqela leenkukhu).

Kancinci malunga neentlobo zokhuni lomthi

I-capercaillie eqhelekileyo ngummeli woluhlobo lwezona zizilwanyana ezinkulu. Iintlobo ze-capercaillie eziqhelekileyo zahlula kwi-subspecies e-3: capercaillie belohryuhiy, ehlala kwimimandla esempuma nephakathi. I-dark taiga, ehlala kwimimandla esempuma kunye nenyakatho yelizwe; I-Western European bellied belly (ehlathini zeendawo ezisentshona zelizwe).

Imithi eqhelekileyo: ifoto, inkcazo

I-grouse yintaka enkulu kunazo zonke kwi-grouse (subfamily).

Ukusuka kwamanye abameli, unomsila, uninzi olujikelezayo kunye neentsiba ezingavamile zandiswe emqaleni wakhe.

I-plumage ye-capercaillie ibumnyama kunye ne-tinge yensimbi, i-eyebrow ebomvu ebomvu, iintsiba phantsi komlomo zifana ne "ndevu." Iifumba zemihlathi yamatye zenziwe iingubo ezihlukahlukeneyo (umxube weentyantyambo ezinobumba obomvu, obomvu, obomvu nezibomvu). Yaye umqala wakhe, inxalenye yesifuba esentla kunye nenxalenye yephiko inombala obomvu obomvu.

Intaka eqhelekileyo yintaka, ubukhulu bayo buhluke kakhulu kwindoda kunye namabhinqa. Amadoda afinyelela kwi-110 cm okanye ngaphezulu, amaphiko awo anesithuba semitha eyi-1.4. Abafazi bancinci kakhulu - ngo-1/3. Intloko yomntu omnyama. Ikhusi kwicala elingemuva li-gray-grey kunye namabala ombala omnyama, kunye ne-front-gray-black. Umbala womqolo obumnyama onamabala amnyama kunye nomdaka. Isifuba sinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwicala layo eliphantsi lihlanganiswe ngamacaka amhlophe namnyama. Umsila ubumnyama kunye namabala amhlophe, amaphiko anombala. Umlenze unombala omhlophe obomhlophe.

Ukusasazwa, yokuhlala

Iindawo ezinokuhlala eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezinama-coniferous, ezixubileyo kunye ne-Eurasia.

Ngokwenene, le ntaka ibangela ubomi obusondeza ubomi, kodwa kwenzeka ukuba ngamanye amaxesha yenza ukuba ukufuduka kwexesha lonyaka.

Ngesinye isikhathi, iintlobo zemithi zafunyanwa kuwo onke amahlathi ase-Eurasia, empuma yeSiberia ukuya kwiTransbaikal (inxalenye esentshona). Kwiminyaka ye-18-20 yeenkulungwane, inani nendawo yokuhlala ye-capercaillie kakhulu yehle kakhulu, kwaye kwiindawo ezi ntaka zanyamalala. Ngekhulu le-18 leminyaka e-United Kingdom, ezi ntaka zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa kamva, ngowe-1837, iqela eliqhelekileyo leenkuni laphinde laziswa khona ukusuka eSweden kwaye lathande ngokupheleleyo.

Kwimihlaba yaseRussia, ngenxa yokunciphisa amahlathi amaninzi, abantu beemithi baqala ukubuyela kwiindawo ezisenyakatho zelizwe, nakwezinye iindawo ezisemzantsi kwimimandla yabo yehlathi (iTula, Voronezh, Kurskaya, njl.) Ezi ntaka zaphela ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza kwiRashiya neSweden, i-grouses yomthi inokufumaneka kwiGrisi, eSpain, iAlps, iCarpathians, eAsia Minor kunye neentaba zaseMigan.

Ukhetha izinkuni zeendawo ezizithulu kwiintlanga.

Impawu yale ntaka iyakhula, ivela kwimithi. Inani elithile leempawu eziqhelekileyo zinomthi oqhelekileyo womthi.

Inkcazo yokuziphatha kunye nemikhwa

Ehlotyeni, iimbumba zigcinwa kwi-wood grouse. Ngeli xesha, bahamba kwiindawo ezincinci zeehlathi.

Ngelo xesha, ezi ntaka zinokuziphatha okuqhelekileyo: zikhawuleza ziphakamisa umsila wazo kwaye zinciphise, ziphakamise iintloko zize ziphose, ngelixa zihamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwisebe.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-wood grouse ngeli xesha livuyisa ngentshiseko ukuba ixesha elithile liba sisithulu. Ngenxa yoko igama layo: i-capercaillie. Ibhinqa, ibuye iqhube ukuya kwangoko, apho kuqhubana khona, emva koko bayishiya kunye baze bahlale kwiindawo ezizithulu ezingenazizithambile zehlathi, apho i-molting yabo yenzeka khona.

Iqela eliqhelekileyo liphindwa rhoqo kwiifama ezixubekileyo kunye neziqhamo. Ziyayithanda le ntaka kunye ne- moss bogs, ezizityebi kwiinqununu ezahlukeneyo.

Intaka iqhuma ngamandla, ngokukhawuleza, ihlala iphosa amaphiko ayo ngokubanzi, kwaye iyenze ihamba ngeenqwelo ezincinane.

Usuku lomhla, umqubu womthi uchitha phantsi, uchitha ubusuku emagatsheni emithi. Ngamanye amaxesha kunobundlobongela xa ezinye izilwanyana zivela. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngamanye amaxesha inkuni yokhuni yazama ukuhlasela izinja nezinye izilwanyana ezincinane zasekhaya (amabali aseNorway).

I-wood grouse isilumkiso, ilungele ukuva nokubona kakuhle. Ngoko ke, ukuzingela kubonwa nzima.

Inzala

Inkxalabo ebalulekileyo yenzalo ilala neyabhinqa. Isidleke esilungiselela emhlabathini, ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi kwendawo yokukhusela imithi okanye imithi ewileyo, apho ibeka khona amaqanda kwixesha elizayo. Ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya amaqanda ama-5-16.

Ibhinqa ngokwayo ibandakanya amaqanda. Uyaqhubeka nokunyamekela amatshitshi athitshiweyo: ukutshaya, ukukhusela kwizilwanyana.

Ukunikezelwa kwamandla

Uhlobo oluphambili lokutya ngomthi wokhuni entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni zizihluma zezityalo, iintyatyambo ezahlukeneyo, imifuno, amaqabunga, utshani, amajikijolo ehlathi, imbewu kunye nezinambuzane. Ekwindla, ezi ntaka zondla kakhulu kwiinaliti ze-larch, kwaye ebusika ziyakhangwa yi-spruce ne-pine needings kunye nezintso. Amatshontshi anokutya okukhethekileyo: izigulane kunye nezinambuzane.

Isiphelo

Iqela eliqhelekileyo lezinkuni linye yezinto ezixabisekileyo zokuzingela abazingeli. Kule nkalo, kwiindawo ezininzi eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe ehlabathini, uye waba ngumhlali ongenqabile, kwaye indawo ethile yaphela ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kuthathwa amanyathelo athile ukukhusela le ntlobo.

Umgca oqhelekileyo ubhalwe kwi- Red Book yaseRashiya kunye nommandla weTula. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe yilowo nalowo othanda ukuzingela.

Ukuze uphawule ngakumbi inombolo, ukuxinwa kunye nesimo senyoni kule ntsimi yaseRashiya, kufunwa iinkcukacha ezide kunye nezide.