Gun Mount "Nona". zokudubula self-esingazihambeliyo Russian

Nokuba kule minyaka yokugqibela eSoviet Union phantsi amajoni Army baqalisa ukwehla kwe VDV yaba ibutho, esasisetyenziswa zonke ngquzulwano zendawo kummandla elalisakuba yiSoviet Union. Kwaye isizathu esivakalayo, ngokuba ngoko bamkela imfundiso imisela ukusetyenziswa-mkhosi, "Malume Vasya" njengendlela logwayimbo pre-kwinjongp. Ngokucacileyo ukuzabalaza berets blue ePrague ngo-1968 kunye neziganeko e Afghanistan.

Nantoni na, kodwa ezinye oomatshini hayi BMD navoyuesh kakhulu: paratroopers ifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo izixhobo, ekwaziyo ukumelana utsibela ukusuka moya, kodwa ukulwa amandla, ezifana iinkqubo zokudubula. Likwazi ukunikeza kuphela zokudubula, ukusebenza kunye paratroopers.

Ngoxa wenkonzo ukufakelwa ACS-57 kunye KOM-85, nto leyo ezazijoliswe ukucinezela lutshaba kunokwenzeka izithuthi enzima vehicles. ukusebenza kwazo esamkelekileyo kakhulu ixesha, kodwa zokuloba hlobo ukuze nokubekwa ayizange isetyenziswe: KOM kwakufuneka wazithula ngenyameko moya, wahlala phantsi phezu indiza. Kakade ke, ukuba malunga naluphi na ukumangala kulo mzekelo, le ntetho nako ukuhamba.

Qala ekuphuhliseni oomatshini abatsha

Kakade ke, imeko akunakwenzeka ukubamba umyalelo eliphezulu. umyalelo wanikwa: ukuqalisa uyile nomatshini ukuba bakwazi ngokupheleleyo ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ezichazwe ngentla. Ngoko kwakukho umpu entabeni, "Nona". Kakade ke, kwenzeka akukho kanye.

uphuhliso yayo kwi 60s, kwaye BMD-1 lasetyenziswa njengeqonga. Umpu entsha esingazihambeliyo ngaphambili codenamed 2C2 "Violet". Ngoko nangoko kwacaca ukuba enamandla-122 mm gun, leyo 'abolekiweyo' ukusuka ACS "Carnation" nje utshabalalisa iyaxokozela kakhulu kuye isisu semoto BMD. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuzeka kade umsindo isisu semoto waphuhliswa-mm 120 self-ngokwaso nodaka "inyibiba Valley", kodwa ke ezinye ezifanayo yezizathu ithe isilima.

Uthotho "izinto"

Phakathi kwiminyaka yee-70s kwiiprojekthi Volgograd ngokwesiseko amatanki ukukhanya entsha, esenzelwe ngokukodwa iimfuno VDV ( "Unqontsonqa 934" yaye "Unqontsonqa 685") zadalwa. iingalo zabo ziphambili lowu 100 mm kunaso. Ngelishwa, ngenxa ukungachani uyilo kunye nomahluko kunye ababhekisi, nabo akazange aye series. Ingxaki yokuxhobisa imikhosi zokudubula ezinamaphiko mobile baba libukhali.

"Nona" Ukuzalwa

Nangona kunjalo, kuloo minyaka kwiingalo amabutho emoyeni kodwa wenza BTR-D. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-BMD enye (ngokwesiseko ngawo wadalwa), ayibobuchule elitsha wokuthwala kakhulu ngakumbi, njengoko isisu semoto endala waqhutywa omnye edlala inkxaso.

Ekugqibeleni, iingcali evela Central Research Institute of zobunjineli ngqo, kwakunye abayili edume le Perm "Motovilikha", kuthathelwe ingqalelo yonke amava ezimbi oogxa babo, ukuba udale kraca elitsha umpu-mm 120 2A51. yokuvelela balo ukuba ngokwesiseko izixhobo ukwenza inkqubo zokudubula bonke, kuquka lonke uluhlu iimpawu ezintle mortars, sekhe kunye howitzers.

Umpu entsha esingazihambeliyo, nendele isiseko sesi umpu, ebizwa ACS 2S9 "NONA C". Ngokubanzi kukholelwa, nangona igama lakhe yena wafumana esithile angathabatheki umyili oyintloko, kodwa yonke into prosaic kakhulu ngakumbi: ". Zokudubula emhlabeni New Gun" igama limele

Umahluko Inqununu kwezinye zesampulu

Kakade ke, abaninzi ngokukruqulayo izenze ibinzana elithi "akukho analogue ehlabathini." Kodwa xa siqwalasela ACS 2S9 "NONA C", ngoko ke nesitampu ngaphezu fair.

Yokuvelela (kwakhona, lo gama kufanelekile kulo mzekelo) le nkqubo kukuba unandipha dimensions ezindilisekileyo kakhulu, inika amandla elihle umlilo phezu edabini, kodwa ingasetyenziswa abe lilalela iintlobo ezininzi kwezixhobo! Okokuqala, umpu entabeni, "Nona" asikwazi ngokuzithemba kuphela ukucinezela utshaba elihamba, kodwa ukulwa kwiitanki yotshaba. Kakhulu iimpawu njengokuba umdla cai kunyanzelekile ebanzi imijukujelwa kuluhlu.

nezixhobo Malunga

Yintoni, ke, umlilo ufakelo projectiles "Nona", iimpawu ezo zinikwe apha ngezantsi?

izixhobo eliphezulu-edubulayo zokudubula kakhulu langutana. uluhlu obukhulu - phantse 9 km, nangenxa ephantsi (akukho ngaphezulu kwe 360 m / s) of the uqina lokuqala kunye ballistics ezithile emlilweni okusemandleni "koqiniso." Ngakumbi kakuhle yazi ukuba ziboniswe Afghanistan, apho utshaba yakwazi ukuba abethe phandle i matric ebaluleke kakhulu, nkqu abakwenzayo qha ngomlilo ngqo. Ngomhla ukusebenza kwezi amaqokobhe ngendlela uncitshiswe kancinane analogue howitzer 152 mm, esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi umkhosi amazwe ethu, naphakathi angamalungu NATO.

Ngenxa yoko, ukufakelwa "Nona", nto leyo eye ifoto kweli nqaku - a ndlovu ekhethekileyo ngokwenene yezixhobo.

ezimayini

Kubaluleke nangakumbi (ngokubhekiselele kwimisebenzi ethile indize), nto leyo ke uluhlu ubuncinane kunokwenzeka zokusetyenziswa projectile enjalo km 1.7 kude, kwaye zam - malunga 400 eemitha. Ekubeni izixhobo iimpawu ivumela usebenzisa kweqokobhe eqhelekileyo-mm 120, paratroopers ekhoyo zonke kuluhlu olubanzi. ufakelo yesiqhelo high-edubulayo ukuqhekeka sam zokudubula "Nona" uyakwazi bamtola 7.3 km. Inzuzo enkulu umpu kukuba ivumela ngaphandle utshintsho ukusebenzisa naliphi-mm 120 iqokobhe udaka amazwe angaphandle.

amagalelo

Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto, le iimbumbulu kuquka projectile irula oluncediswa. uyilo lwabo ezifakwe injini ye jet, nto leyo evumela ukuba emlilweni ngenxa leekhilomitha-13. Kule ndima sibeka "Nona", iifoto ezo ziyafumaneka kweli nqaku, ingasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo ngenxa izixhobo iikhompawundi, umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuba kutshabalalisa isikrweqe enzima utshaba.

Kufuneka ngokukhethekileyo kuqatshelwe imijukujelwa ekhokelwa leyo ngokuzimeleyo uqhutyelwe ngenjongo ngokusebenzisa laser isalathisi. Babetha amatanki kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinzima ukusuka phezulu, kwi nxalenye ngokungakhuselekanga. Amathuba kokutshabalalisa ekujoliswe kulo mzekelo ubuncinane 0.8-0.9. Olu hlobo nenqaba kuthiwa "Kitolov-2." Kwakhona zingasetyenziswa ngempumelelo ACS "Nona", iifoto apho uya kubona kweli nqaku.

Noko ke, kweqokobhe eqhelekileyo lonyuselo zingasetyenziswa ukulwa kunye nezithuthi vehicles. Xa Velocity yokuqala ka-560 m / s kuphunyezwa ukuchaneka eyamkelekileyo ngobugcisa utshaba kwi imigama ye ngekhilomitha ukuya kwenye, kunye nesakhono ukuze ayitshise ukuya kwi-600 mm isikrweqe yohlobo olunye icebisa ukuba uncedo kwabo kube lula ukuvelisa bazoyise yonke ekhoyo kusenokwenzeka MBT welinye icala.

Iimpawu ekulayisheni mechanism

Ekubeni usebenzise imizuzu ezisezintabeni ezibalulekileyo - ngezomsebenzi umsebenzi kanye olunzulu ukulungiselela indlela abasebenza ekulayisheni iye yanikezelwa kunye nenkqubo ramming eyodwa esebenza kuwo umoya. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo ngowona imodyuli elisebenzisa 2S9 "Nona", yafunwa emva ngamnye shot yokuhlambulula wompu, leyo kunciphisa kakhulu amavumba kwi gumbi crew, ukwandisa intuthuzelo kwa aba belungu bayehluthe.

ezinye iinkcukacha

Ekubeni gun self-ngokwaso wadalwa ithuba lihlala yayo, abayili kwafuneka ukuba kube lula kakhulu ukwakhiwa. Njengoko izinto of a aluminium ingxubevange ekhethekileyo yayisetyenziselwa loo nkundla, leyo, nangona kunjalo, ikhusela kakuhle abasebenzi emlilweni izixhobo-umatshini-umpu. Ezincinane kunye namanzi-resistant zinika ukubagcina ezintle, ngaloo ndlela 'Nona "uyakwazi ngokuzimeleyo kuqinise imiqobo amanzi.

Amandla injini diesel - 240 l / s kunye nomgangatho nokumiswa oluthembekileyo hydropneumatic kuvumela ACS "Nona" saa ecaleni osemendweni 60 km / h, kunye namanzi - ukuya ku-9 km / h. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, le ulawulo ukunqunyanyiswa ivumela xa kuvele imfuneko ukunciphisa kubude wempi yi-35 cm.

ezinye iintlobo

Emva Afghanistan watyhila ukuba gun entabeni, "Nona" - isixhobo kakuhle kakhulu. Development gqitha seso nabameli yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo butho kukuthi, baye bavakalisa umnqweno ukufumana into efanayo kwizixhobo lonke nomkhosi komhlaba ngemipu Forces iiyunithi. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba adopted inkonzo mfutho 2B16 ACS "NONA-K."

Ngenxa wazaphula yawo eyodwa ekhaleni, leyo akubikho ukuya 1/3 amandla bahlehla, umpu yajika ukuze kwenziwe lula elula. ubunzima bayo ayidluli 1,200 eekhilogram. Phantse yonke inxalenye isixhobo ngokuthi isongwe, leyo lula kakhulu izithuthi kunye nokusasazwa kwiimeko ezinzima. Iyilelwe ukuba imoto ndingaz-66, kodwa empirically sele kufunyaniswe ukuba indlela ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ofanelekileyo ukusuka buyo wakhe ukuphatha nkqu UAZ-469. Ekubeni iziphelo neendledlana izileyi, ukuba kuyimfuneko, umpu Ungasa ngeenxa zonke ledabi inyanzela izibalo zalo.

Enye okufana kwisisu semoto

E Perm, phantsi kwesikhokelo abanamakhono uYuri Kalachnikova 2S23 "Nona SVK" yadalwa 1990.

Chassis kule ngobuwena, i BTR-80. Ukuba ilingane isixhobo esitsha phandle phaya, kwafuneka kwakhona ngokupheleleyo kuyilo nenqaba Kwandile ukudala it ngokutsha. I inzuzo enkulu yaba umthamo obangel zangaphakathi APCs yezindlu, ngalo ikwazile ukwandisa Ammunition 2S9 "Nona" ekunene ukuya kuqhume-30. Xa iimeko ezifanayo yokulwa projectiles nga ngokoqobo amanqaku zonke gumbi amajarha, nto leyo eyandisa ngakumbi ixabiso esisicelo. Ukongeza, ingakumbi ngenxa zokudubula kwizigxina zigutyungelwe kulwakhiwo yaqukwa "NONA SVK 'ezingena kweyona migaqo mikhulu namaqokobhe umhlaba.

kwezikhali ezongezelelweyo

Ukubonelela firepower ezongezelelweyo, nasenqabeni abayili Ukongezelela efakiweyo umpu womatshini PKT 7,62 mm, nto leyo ungalawuleka kude umpu alimwi. Kuba emthethweni kwezikhali ezongezelelweyo Abasebenzi yayiquka MPADS ezine "Enalitini", ezine AK-74 (okanye analog), elinesihlanu garnet (RGD okanye F-1, ngokuxhomekeke imeko). Phakathi kwezinye izinto, nasenqabeni ekhwele izindululi sokuqhumisa ngenxa iziqhushumbisi umsi.

Ngaloo ndlela, "Nona" - izixhobo, ibonelela isisombululo kuluhlu olubanzi yokulwa lamaphulo ukuba linokukwenziwa kuphela nayiphi nomkhosi okanye kokwehla uqhagamshelo.

Ezi mpawu emihle kwisisu semoto entsha

Ngokusetyenziswa kwisisu semoto ka BTR-80 unako ukuphucula kakhulu isantya kwaye uphume ngayo umatshini omtsha. Okokuqala, isantya esiphezulu yanyuswa ku-60 km / h, kwaye uluhlu ingami ngoku km 600. Ukongeza, kwisisu semoto ohlatyiweyo ye BTR-80 inokuthenjwa kakhulu ngexesha transfer-mkhosi imigama emide: zonke iikhilomitha ezingama-600 kulo matshini ukuze kulunge phantsi kwamandla abo, kungekho nawuphi na umonakalo kunye zicinyelwe ngenkani.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwisisu semoto umgangatho kakhulu kunciphisa iindleko ulondolozo kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi, kunciphise kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sele beyisekile ukuba koomatshini ngokusekelwe kwi BTR-80 kuxabisa izihlandlo 1.5-2 ibiza ngaphantsi ukusebenza kwe "Nona" ngokusekelwe BRDM-1.

ukuguqulwa ngodaka

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, wadala ukukhanya semi-nodaka "Nona-M", Ukuvuya womserbia lwenziwa kunye breech. ubunzima balo abanjalo ukuba wokubala kumcimbi imizuzu ukuba aludilize kwaye ukuhambisa okanye ekhaya okanye kuthuthwa izilwanyana pack kunye kweemoto ukukhanya. Oku kwenza "Nona-M" i sokulwa ukuba ngengingqi ngamaplanga neentaba.

iziphumo

Namhlanje, "Nona" akukho analogue ngamandla kunye nezimo ukusetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo iimeko yokulwa ehlabathini. Ekubeni umatshini usebenzisa lonke uluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo yi Wezomkhosi ngemipu Forces, ukusebenza kwalo mkhulu ngokufanayo nayiphi yemiboniso imisebenzi. Amathuba neebhetri "Nona" abantu abanjalo ukuba ashiye kude emva izibalo ngodaka esezantsi iiyunithi elihamba imishini. Ngaloo ndlela, "Nona" - izixhobo musa ukuba analogue emkhosini Russian.

Ukongeza, onke impumelelo ezithelekisekayo ezisetyenziswe kwindalo kanye ukuguqulwa, "Nona", isicelo inxaxheba abayili zethu yokusungulwa kweenkqubo zokudubula ngokwesiseko entsha.

Okunye ufakelo self-esingazihambeliyo of Russian

mhlawumbi unokuyifumana yokucinga ukuba umpu self-ngokwaso "Nona" - kuphela kwesixhobo kule klasi, waba kwinkonzo lwelizwe lethu. Oku akunjalo.

"Vienna"

Togu lofakelo ayikhumbule "Vienna", ngeendlela ezininzi ezifana inkqubo echazwe. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, "Nona", yaye yasekwa ngokusekelwe kwi BMP-3. Njengokuba kunjalo edlulileyo, yambethe umpu 120 mm. Awu, nazo zonke izinto zayo (abasebenzi ukhuseleko, umzekelo), "Vienna" kwaye namhlanje ekhoyo emkhosini mhlawumbi kwimibhalo elinye.

Yintoni enye ezi zokudubula self-esingazihambeliyo Russian? Enyanisweni, ukuba akukho kangako. Makhe udwelise ezona ziphambili:

• 2C19 "MSTA-C".

• 2C1 "Carnation".

• 2S3 "Acacia".

• 2S5 "eseshumi" kunye 2S25 "Sprut-SD".

Zonke iisampuli ngentla, ngaphandle "kwengwane" - howitzers enzima, isixhobo esisiseko ukuba bodidi kwe-152 mm. imisebenzi yabo yahlukile kwezo kwenziwa umpu self-ngokwaso "Nona". Ngaloo ndlela, injongo yabo eyintloko endizixunayo ukusuka kwindawo evaliweyo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa zithuba yotshaba enqatyisiweyo. Hi xikombiso, ku Grozny ngo-1995 yaba ufakelo "MSTA-C" zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo ukucinezela zokuzikhusela utshaba ngokunzulu.

Zonke zokudubula self-ngokwaso ezahlukeneyo Russian ukusuka kunezixhobo yokuhlanganisa Western omnye nomnye kunye ne T-72 MBT (ne T-90, ngokulandelelana). Le meko inika zombini wokulungisa elula, kunye nendleko eziphantsi yokusebenza.