Gluck Biography kunye haratkeristika emfutshane umqambi

Biography Gluck umdla sokuqonda imbali umculo weklasiki. Le Umqambi yaba wenguquko elikhulu here, iingcamango bakhe ngaphambi kwexesha labo kunye nempembelelo umsebenzi kwezinye Abaqambi ezininzi kwiinkulungwane 18 and 19, kuquka Russian. Ngenxa kuye, opera uye waba imbonakalo neyi ngakumbi nemfezeko sedrama. Ukongeza, wasebenza phezu ballets kunye nokwenziwa zomculo amancinci - sonatas kunye Overture, nto leyo nayo umdla omkhulu amagcisa owayephila abakulungeleyo ziquka izicatshulwa zabo kwinkqubo yekonsathi.

ufikisa

biography Early Gluck ayaziwa kakuhle, nangona abaphandi abaninzi ngenkuthalo uphando esengumntwana iminyaka yeshumi elivisayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba wazalwa ngo-1714 kwi-Palatinate kwintsapho le wehlathi yaye ofundileyo ekhaya. Kwakhona, phantse zonke mbali bayavuma ukuba umntwana wabonisa italente zomculo engaqhelekanga esazi ukuba ukudlala isixhobo somculo. Noko ke, uyise akazange afune ukuba abe yimvumi, bazithumela kuye esikolweni.

Nangona kunjalo, i elizayo umqambi odumileyo bangathanda ukudibanisa ubomi bam kunye umculo, ngoko kude nekhaya. Ngowe-1731 wazinza Prague, apho wayeyincutshe yomculo kunye cello phantsi kolawulo umqambi odumileyo Czech yaye enye ingcali yale B. baseMontenegro.

period Italian

biography Gluck kaThixo lungohlulwa lube kumanqanaba aliqela, ukukhetha njengoko njengekhrayitheriya indawo yokuhlala, umsebenzi kunye umsebenzi ngobuchule. Kwisiqingatha sesibini 1730s waya eMilan. Ngelo xesha, omnye phambili ababhali umculo Italian yayinguYohane. Sammartini. Phantsi sakhe, Gluck waqalisa ukubhala ezaqanjwa yakhe. Ngokutsho abagxeki, eli xesha ixesha kakuhle ekuthiwa-style homophonic - ulwalathiso zomculo, nto leyo luphawulwa isandi omnye mxholo, ngoxa abanye badlale indima nkarhinyana. biography Gluck kaThixo kungathathwa esisityebi kunene, kuba ngamandla na okusebenzileyo bazisa kakhulu umculo weklasiki.

Ekufundeni indlela homophonic yaba impumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu umqambi, njengoko esikolweni umculo yaseYurophu ingqalelo ixesha kugcwele polyphony. Ngeli xesha, wadala eziliqela opera ( "Demetri", "Port" kunye nabanye), owathi, nangona ukulingiswa, wamngenisa kuye udumo. De 1751, waza waquqa neqela Italian, endithe ndaba andikezi wafumana isimemo ukuze afudukele eVienna.

komhlaba opera

Kristof Glyuk, ogama engobomi kufuneka kuhlangene kwimbali ukuyilwa opera, yenze lukhulu lolungiso komsebenzi zomculo. In XVII-XVIII iinkulungwane, opera yaba mbono omangalisayo umculo kunye nomculo omnandi. Kuye ihlawulwe kangako umxholo nje ifomu.

Kudla abaqambi babhala kuphela ngelizwi ethile, ayengawenzi ngebali kunye nentsingiselo. Gluck bamphikisa kakhulu le ndlela. Xa opera yakhe, umculo mncane idrama kunye namava ngamnye yabalinganiswa. Xa umsebenzi wakhe 'Orfeo Euridice "umqambi midlalo wacofa izinto zamandulo intlekele ngamanani liqela labafundi kunye nokumela ballet. Le ndlela ezintsha ngexesha layo, yaye ngenxa yoko, akazange nok bexesha lakhe.

period Viennese

Enye abaqambi kakhulu kwinkulungwane ye-18 yi Kristof Villibald Glyuk. Ngobomi yale yimvumi ibalulekile ekuqondeni lokusekwa isikolo yamandulo, njengoko sisazi namhlanje. De 1770 wasebenza e Vienna, ngasentendelezweni Marie Antoinette. Yaba ngeli xesha kwasekwa kwaye wafumana lubonakaliswa yokugqibela kwimigaqo yakhe yendalo. Ukuqhubeka ukusebenza kwi zemveli zilungele ixesha kwinqakwana opera uhlobo, wadala inani opera yantlandlolo, leyo subordinated ukuba ingqiqo zemibongo umculo wakhe. Ezi ziquka umsebenzi "Alceste", wadala yi UEuripides yintlekele.

Kule mnyakazo opera, zeziphi ezinye abaqambi ibe ixabiso ezimeleyo, phantse ukonwabisa, ukuba bafumana intsingiselo enkulu. lwengoma awo ngokulungelelanisiweyo zayinxalenye ibali engundoqo, yaye zimisele umoya omawulawule ngethuba lonke ntetho. Ngokutsho mgaqo okukhokelwayo abalandeli bakhe kunye neemvumi ngenkulungwane ye-19.

isigaba Paris

1770s zezona kakhulu kwi biography of Gluck. Isishwankathelo Executive yembali yayo lumele ziquka inkcazelo emfutshane inxaxheba yayo kwimpikiswano oluqale kwizangqa izindawo ngokwasengqondweni macala kufuneka ibe yintoni opera. Labe phakathi abaxhasi kwizikolo isiFrentshi kwaye Italian.

Eyokuqala wasivuna imfuneko ukuzisa idrama kunye ingqiqo ukuvumelana yokusebenza zomculo, ngoxa olwesibini wagxininisa improvisation bavakalisa izimvo zabo kunye zomculo. Gluck wasivuna lelokuqala ngayo. Emva imigaqo yakhe yokudala, wabhala opera entsha esekelwe phezu umdlalo ngu UEuripides 'Iphigenia e Tauris. " Lo msebenzi uye waqaphela njengoko intle umsebenzi umqambi ehlelisiweyo okuveza kwaye liqinise udumo lwayo zaseYurophu.

ukusebenza

Ngowe-1779, ngenxa yokugula kakhulu wabuyela eVienna umqambi Kristofer Glyuk. Biography yale akungumlonjikazi ayikwazi bacinge ngaphandle kukhankanywa imisebenzi yakhe yokugqibela. Nokuba xa ugula kakhulu, wabhala eziliqela bacule neengoma ukuze ipiyano. Ngowe-1787, wafa. Waba abalandeli ezininzi. umfundi wakhe ubalaseleyo umqambi ngokwakhe ingqalelo A. Salieri. Izithethe elisekwe Gluck, zaba sisiseko wokuyila uBeethoven kunye Wagner. Ukongeza, ezinye abaqambi ezininzi alingisa nje kuphela kokuqamba opera, kodwa symphony. Umqambi Russian Glinka wasazisa ubuchule ka Gluck.