Hysteroscopy isibeleko - ntoni na? isibeleko Hysteroscopy: iintlobo, izalathisi, ixabiso le nkqubo

Okwangoku, kukho kakhulu ngeentlobo ezimbalwa ukubonwa kwezifo yabasetyhini, phakathi kwazo, kunye ultrasound kunye ufaniso (livakale Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye ikhompyutha) ukuba yinxalenye hysteroscopy esibelekweni. Luhlobo luni inkqubo? Zintoni ezibonisa ukuba ihambo yalo apho, yaye malini? Oku koko sizama ukukuxelela kweli nqaku.

Yintoni a hysteroscopy

Ukususela igama lesiGrike eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "ukuba bahlole isibeleko." Enyanisweni, hysteroscopy i uviwo yamanina kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo okhethekileyo, ngokuba hysteroscope. It ikuvumela ukuba uhlole abangaboniyo ingaphakathi ngaphakathi isibeleko ngaphandle ukuhlatywa amanxeba. Ngaphezu koko, le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuphelisa zolwakhiwo ezincinane zophendlo lwezifo em- emzimbeni, tubes okanye wesizalo.

Kufuneka wenze ubhukisho ukuba lo hysteroscopy isibeleko akaqhotyoshelwanga sisusa kunye nenkqubo efanayo, nangona amathuba amaninzi zidityaniswa. Umahluko iphambili yale ndlela unyango kunye nezifundo diagnostic kwabanye kukuba umaleko epithelial ye wesibeleko ngexesha yokuntlokothiswa phantse konakale. Ukongeza, i-US, kwezinye iimeko akavumeli ukuseka ngokucacileyo ezithile ngomahluko ibakho esini iinkqubo ababhinqileyo zophendlo lwezifo. Kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba elishumi nje eyadlulayo ukujonga ngaphakathi umaleko epithelial ye isibeleko kwaba yimfuneko ukwenza liqatywe omkhulu esisu kunye nomfazi ngqo kwi-organ. Emva kwexesha elithile, baqalisa ukuvelisa uviwo usebenzisa laparoscope. Kodwa kule nkqubo iimpazamo, njengoko ukulungiselela uhlolo lweHo- zesibeleko kwaba yimfuneko ukwenza okuhlatywa eseludongeni yakhe. Zonke ezi zazo enokwenza ukuyilwa azikhuli okanye nezinokubangela ubudlolo. Hysteroscope kuvumela ukwenza ngaphandle amanxeba kunye ukuhlatywa yaba udonga esiswini kunye esibelekweni. Kucingwa iadvanteji, ngenxa yokuba nayiphi na impatho ingqibelelo nesikhumba umsipha bayaboniswa bachazelwe kangangoko kwiintsholongwane esangweni.

Ngoko ke, siyazi ukuba yintoni na hysteroscopy esibelekweni. Yintoni na ngokwemiqathango iingcali zononophelo lwempilo kunye nezigulane? Funda ngako ku.

Iintlobo isizalo hysteroscopy

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintlobo ezimbini hysteroscopy ahluka kwindawo yonyango: zokuxilonga kunye therapeutic (hysteroresectoscopy). Hysteroscopy wesibeleko ukuze kubonwe (ukuqinisekisa okanye awuvisisani) ukubona ukuba diagnostic. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kolu hlobo nkqubo kukuba isigulana awusebenzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Isibakala sokuba hysteroscopy isibeleko diagnostic nangona nokungonwabi xa umfazi, kodwa ngaxeshanye usebenza njengomthombo ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Therapeutic hysteroscopy isibeleko (ukususwa of liqhubu, fibroids, azikhuli njalo njalo) lwenziwa kwimeko inxalenye enkulu amathuba ebusweni ezimbi nomonde efuna ungenelelo yotyando. Olu hlobo lenquba yenzelwa phantsi zomzimba jikelele kwaye ifuna inxaxheba iqela leengcali: .. Le anesthesiologist, Ugqirha njl Yiloo nto ke hysteroresectoscopy ukufana ezisisiseko kunye utyando kancinane invasive eyaziwa ngokuba laparoscopy.

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo nenkqubo kunye neendleko iyahluka. Hysteroscopy isibeleko, oluqhutywa ngeenjongo diagnostic, axabisa noko kunokuba hysteroresectoscopy.

Ezibonisa inkqubo yoxilongo lwezilwanya

Hysteroscopy wesibeleko ukuze kuqinisekiswe okanye aphikise ngaphambili uxilongo lwenziwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• endometriosis okusolwayo kunye zesibeleko fibroid (submucosal);
• eko iintsalela mithambo ezikhoyo inwebu Palsy;
• ukuchonga iziphene ezahlukeneyo yokwakheka le isibeleko, ezihlobene kunye lomsele wesibeleko;
• ukumisela izinto ezibangela ephindaphindekayo ukopha intermenstrual, exesheni enzima eside;
• kunye kwezisu ngokuphindaphindiweyo (njengesiqhelo) zingachumi;
• ukuseka ukusebenza unyango elide hormone.

Phezu kwako Inkcazelo eliphezulu isibeleko hysteroscopy oko kudla kumiselwe kuphela kwimeko ukuba uphethwe impikiswano, kwaye izinto afunyenwe ekuhambeni ezinye iinkqubo zokuxilonga, asakulungiselela ukucacisa umfanekiso sifo.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba hysteroscopy enyangayo

Cinga izinto ezibonisa ezingundoqo inkqubo, eyaziwa ngokuba ngamayeza nokunyanga hysteroscopy esibelekweni. Yintoni na, siya wakhangela phezulu, ukuluqonda ukuze oko kube bubungqina oko, akuyi kuba nzima. Ngoko ke, kwezinye iimeko, umfazi ithunyelwe hysteroresectoscopy?

• Xa ekhona isibeleko polyp endometrial.
• Xa inwebu ukuqina endometrial (hyperplasia).
• Phambi fibroids zesibeleko, phantsi endometrium.
• Kunye nanini asakhulayo ukusuka emzimbeni ukopha enzima.
• Phambi azikhuli kunye nemiqobo intra ilungu iindonga.
• Kuba ukususwa evela somlomo kukhulelwa uhlobo IUD esibelekweni.

wesizalo hysteroscopy (ukususwa liqhubu, curettage eyahlukileyo diagnostic, kwaye ngaphezulu) yenziwa kuphela ukuba akukho Izimo kakhulu. Lo mgaqo usebenza kubo, ndikuxelele on.

Izimo

Ekubeni isifo okanye unyango inkqubo usebenzisa i hysteroscope inxulumene utyando kancinane yeli lizwe, kukho inani lemiba ukuba asivumeli ukuba ukusebenzisa le ndlela. Izimo emibi ukuphunyezwa hysteroscopy lokuxilonga zezi:

1. iinkqubo ukudumba kwi amalungu enzala, kuquka urethritis, vulvovaginitis, Ngokuzimela, kwaye ngaphezulu.
2. Izifo ezosulelayo kwinqanaba oyingozi.
3. ukukhulelwa Eqhelekileyo.
4. ukopha kakhulu ukusuka wesibeleko ngexesha lokwenziwa kolhlolo.
5. stenosis wesibeleko.
6. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko (iqonga yokugqibela).
7. imeko ezimandundu somatic emva yokuhlaselwa isifo sentliziyo.
8. degree kakhulu lwe ukusilela kwezintso okanye intliziyo (nokuba nenqanaba sifo).
9. Izifo ezibangelwa ezophayo disorder.

Kwezinye iimeko, le nkqubo usebenzisa umfazi hysteroscope ngokwaneleyo ukuba bafune unyango sesi sifo ngxabano. Kodwa, ngamanye amaxesha oku akwanelanga, ngoko iingcali khetha enye indlela loxilongo okanye uqhaqho ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ezahlukeneyo.

Ukulungiselela le hysteroscopy isibeleko

Ukuze inkqubo ukuxilongwa okanye iinkqubo zokunyangwa usebenzisa hysteroscope abapase iziphumo oluncinane ezimbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba bazilungiselele kakuhle. Into yokuqala ekufuneka enze nasiphi na isigulane - ndwendwela ugqirha wakho, ngubani na oya ungayithumela iimviwo, nto leyo ke ukunikezelwa wohlalutyo. Njengoko umthetho, uluhlu uphando olufunekayo luquka:

• iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nomchamo eqhelekileyo;
• smear yamanina phezu flora kunye ukuvuza ngaphantsi;
• Uhlalutyo kwemichiza igazi kunye nomchamo;
• electrocardiogram;
• igazi kunye neqela RH;
• Pap smear evela wesibeleko;
• Ultrasound imifanekiso amalungu zangasese;
• Ekugqibeleni, lo therapist;
• fluorography.

Candani zonke iimvavanyo aye ngophando eyongezelelweyo efunekayo iintsuku 10-14 phambi komhla wo yingisela. Ukuba, ke, ukusukela ekufunyanweni iziphumo bathatha ixesha kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba aphinde.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula abafazi abaza isibeleko hysteroscopy, ukuba kuya kufuna kubo sengqondo esithile. Ngapha koko, asingabo bonke isigulane ukulungele nokulubona ekuthini ngexesha iinkqubo zonyango. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwabo mayibhekiswe hysteroscopy diagnostic apho awusebenzi Ukubulawa jikelele.

Ngenye imini phambi kokuba inkqubo, abafazi bacetyiswa ukuba kuncitshiswe inani iziselo. Inxalenye yokugqibela amanzi akuvumelekanga ukuba usele ubuncinane iiyure ezilishumi elinesibini phambi kokuba ukusebenza. Ngexesha imizuzu 50-60 lokugqibela phambi kokuba inkqubo zesibeleko hysteroscopy yenziwa ekuthiwa premedication, eli enala kwintshayelelo umthomalalisi nomonde. Ukuba kufuneka hysteroresectoscopy, lo mfazi uya kufuneka ukufaka catheter apho kuya kwenziwa ichiza ekhethekileyo kumzimba. Xa iyonke, ukulungiswa hysteroscopy isibeleko kuthatha imizuzu ngaphantsi kwe mathathu. Ngeli xesha, umfazi Walinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni.

Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko enokwenziwa hysteroscopy

Ngoko ke, makhe Masishukume elikhulu. Njani na wesizalo hysteroscopy? Ngoko nangoko ke ithi ukuba le nkqubo iya kwenziwa ukuba sisigulana sangaphandle okanye izigulane setting. Kwimeko yokuqala kolo ngenelelo lwenziwa kwi-ofisi ngumbelekisi kwaye ayifuni ukuqaliswa zomzimba. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha ukuze enze imisebenzi diagnostic ngaxeshanye, ezifana hysteroscopy kunye curettage ye isibeleko. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe nangoko ukuba ingcali akayi kuba nako ukwenza eyahlukileyo diagnostic ukungenisa zomzimba (sisusa) loMthetho isibeleko engekho zomzimba, njengoko le nkqubo ibuhlungu kakhulu kwaye wonke umfazi uya kukwazi ukuba uphile. Inzuzo ngoncedo kwezigulane yi isantya ngokulandelwa nokuphunyezwa kwayo, kwakunye neendleko eziphantsi. wesizalo hysteroscopy kule meko ikhutshwa phandle kuphela nje inkqubo yoxilongo.

Hysteroresectoscopy zingenziwa kuphela xa esibhedlele. Kulo mzekelo, isigulane esibhedlele kwithuba leentsuku ezimbini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha ayikwazi kuphela ukwenza uhlolo kwi wesibeleko kunye Imibhobho, kodwa kwakhona ukuthatha uhlalutyo elandelayo amasuntswana isifo yombhobho omzimba, kwakunye ukwenza otschip izitho wesibeleko. Hysteroscopy kulo mzekelo ibiza ngaphezu kwenziwa ngokwenkqubo kwesibhedlele. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba ingozi iingxaki ngexesha umile ukuqhuba le nkqubo yehla kakhulu. Ukongeza, olu hlobo lotyando kuthatha indawo umfazi elula ngokupheleleyo.

Njani na inkqubo

Masishukume kwi ingongoma engundoqo: hysteroscopy sokuhlola. Xa isigulane kubekwa phezu kwetafile yoviwo, ugqirha ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ivula wesibeleko kwaye ingena ulwelo yayo kwisisu. Le manipulation ivumela lweHo- umzimba evulekileyo kuba amanyathelo diagnostic. Ngoko njani ukwenza hysteroscopy wesibeleko ngaphandle zomzimba yasekuhlaleni, umfazi usenokuvakalelwa nobunzima kakhulu okanye intlungu.

Emva kokukhutshelwa ugqirha zesibeleko lweHo- hysteroscope iqala umzimba uhlolo stepwise lomsele wesibeleko kunye imilomo tubes. Xa yanelisekile abanezakhono kungekho polyp, fibroids kunye nezinye nangezilonda, oko ucingo curette uvelisa imali encinane kwithishyu kwizifundo zokuqhubela phambili. Isithuba incinane ixesha, leyo ingathatha hysteroscopy wesibeleko - malunga 5-10 imizuzu. imizuzu eli-15-20 - kancinci elide umzimba kwisisu eluviweni.

Kwimeko ukuba umfazi wathunyelwa esibhedlele ukususa polyp kwi isibeleko hysteroscopy lwenziwa phantsi Ukubulawa jikelele. Emva umzimba uhlolo lokuqala nge hysteroscope luthathelwa hysteroresectoscopy yayo. Ukusebenzisa le ugqirha isixhobo nobunzima kakhulu amaxolo asuswa lweHo- zesibeleko ukwakheka polypous, myomas, endometrium elahliweyo phantsi kwaye esahlula isibeleko tho (synechia). Ukongeza, hysteroresectoscopy wathwala iithishu kuvunwa ukulungiselela uviwo histological. na ukuphilisa hysteroscopy isibeleko elide kangakanani? Imisebenzi yale hlobo kudla abahlala akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30. Isigulane akuthethi zintlungu ngexesha inkqubo uze ebomini sele kwigumbi ekuphulukenwe nalo.

Oko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba inkqubo

Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi kwakho. Yintoni umfazi nga va emva? Hysteroscopy isibeleko, nokuba wenziwe phantsi zomzimba jikelele, kunokubangela nobunzima kakhulu, nto leyo ichazwe kwi inkangeleko okuwisa iintlungu esiswini. Oku sisiphumo phula isidima isifo kwaye ezinye yade eludongeni isibeleko kunye lomsele wesibeleko. Kwiintsuku, umfazi unokuthatha okuphelisa iintlungu (antispasmodic).

Phantse zonke izigulane emva olu hlobo longenelelo ngoncedo kuvandlakanywa ukopha kancinane ukusuka lobufazi. Ukuba luthathele ingqalelo ukuba kuqaliswe izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, umthombo ukopha kucaca em- zesibeleko. Ixhokonxa, ikhamera kunye ibhalbhu LED, nangona ubukhulu ayo, kunokwenzakalisa epithelium. Ukongeza, kufuneka ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo into yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi hysteroscopy kubandakanya waphula isidima isifo ngenjongo kweesampula inyama lokubhalela uviwo histological. Ngobunzulu intlungu isixa yokumpompoza akuxhomekekanga yimalini hysteroscopy esibelekweni. Okokuqala kuchaphazela amalungu karhulumente abafazi ngexesha ukusebenza, iimpawu zayo ngamnye (igazi ekunqandeni, zisembundwini iintlungu , njalo njalo. D.).

Xa izicelo umbala, ugqirha wakho angamisela kwikhondo antibiotics mfazi. Oku kunceda ukuba imbonakalo ukudumba kwi amalungu zangasese. Ukongeza, kukho iqela lezindululo nakwezempilo emntwini. Okokuqala, ayikhuthazwa ukutyelela kwiisauna iibhate. Okwesibini, webhate kuyimfuneko ukubuyisela ishawa, kunye syringing kungcono ukuba ukunika inyanga. Esexesheni umfazi Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise izikhuseli njengoko tampons kwakhona babe imbangela usulelo. Phambi xa uqala ukuba sexesheni njengokuba ukukhulelwa kufuneka zisetyenziswe ekuthiwa indlela isithintelo, okt ikhondom.

Ekubeni hysteroscopy inxulumene kungenelele ngotyando, kukho ezinye iimpawu asenokubonisa iingxaki zaqala. Xa kwenzeka loo mfazi kufuneka ngoko nangoko udibane nogqirha owenze lomgaqo. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• intlungu yokwenene elide kwindawo zangasese, nto leyo ayikwazi ukususa okuphelisa iintlungu non-imithi;
• ezininzi amabala ikhondomu kunye okanye ngaphandle ubomvu;
• fever ukusuka Iimpawu subfebrile ukuya ezibalulekileyo.

Nangona trauma minor ngexesha inkqubo efana hysteroscopy isibeleko, iingxaki zinokwenzeka. Kungenxa yoko le nto umfazi emva unyango okanye uviwo ngale ndlela kufuneka ngenyameko esweni imeko yabo.

Iingxaki hysteroscopy

Abo baye ubunzima ukungenelela enjalo, njengoko hysteroscopy isibeleko, iziphumo (iingcali ingxelo kwaye izigulane ukuqinisekisa oku) isenokuba elidibanisayo okanye elithabathayo. ibhalwe kakhulu kunqabile ingxaki ezifana zesibeleko perforation okanye perforation kwayo. Unobangela wale umonakalo libe iyunithi unyango lwengcali ukungakhathali. Noko ke, uninzi umsantsa kungenxa yokuba emjelweni wesibeleko uyakhula kancinci kakhulu, yivusa wangena izixhobo ziye zanda uxinzelelo phezu kodonga emzimbeni.

Khawuve oko iziphumo zesibeleko hysteroscopy kungabangela. Ukuphonononga zibonisa ukuba ngokufuthi ikhula abafazi endometritis. Esi simo ngenxa yokukrala abagxothwa isibeleko, wagaleleka kuyo ukusebenza lwaqhutywa. Ukuze uphephe oku ingxaki, ngokwaneleyo ukuba idlule uviwo oluneenkcukacha phambi le nkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke iinkqubo ukudumba kwi amalungu enzala eziye zenzeka kwiinyanga ezi-6 phambi kokuba unyango ekliniki. SeTrojan lupheliswe ngokusebenzisa unyango lwexesha elide kunye antibiotics.

Uphando eneenkcukacha siphephe iingxaki ezifana hemometra, eli leyo ukuqokelelela igazi isibeleko ngenxa besaphula inkqubo coagulation. A uphawu le ingxaki yintlungu kakhulu esiswini asezantsi. Xa hematometra Kuyanconywa ukwenza kwakhona ukucoca wesibeleko ukuze wasishenxisa egazi.

hysteroscopy anqabe xaka sisusa kwemfuneko xa histology ihlumelo umonakalo umaleko ngexesha isampuli kwithishyu. Le ngezifo, ngelishwa, ayikwazi ngayo.

Ngaphandle ziingcali kwisenzo iingxaki emva hysteroscopy, ukuba uthethe ngale nkqubo bayingozi carrier oku akwenzi ngqiqo. Okokuqala, sifanele sikhumbule ukuba yenziwa ukuze kupheliswe ezimbi kakhulu, nto leyo ngokwabo nga ezisongela ubomi mfazi.

Ingaba hysteroscopy isibeleko

Iindleko iinkqubo ukuxilongwa okanye iinkqubo zokunyangwa kunye nokusetyenziswa hysteroscope kuyahlukana nedlela indawo esibhedlele yaye kuya kuthatha ntoni zazo. Hysteroscopy isibeleko, intengo hysteroresectoscopy ezisezantsi kancinane ingqalelo ifikeleleke ngakumbi. ixabiso layo malunga 14-18 amawaka engange. Umyalelo ziwe ixabisa kakhulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko, umzekelo, zokususwa liqhubu isibeleko (hysteroscopy). Ixabiso le nkqubo iqala 22 amawaka engange. Ezi zixa luqulathe ngokuyintloko oko machiza asetyenziswa ngexesha utyando. Kwakhona ixabiso inkqubo kuquka nentlawulo yexesha ukusebenza koogqirha kunye nezinye zonyango ababandakanyekayo ekuqhutyweni hysteroscopy. Indima ebalulekileyo nokubiza olu hlobo lokhathalelo lwempilo ngoku udlalwa nge imiqathango yokusebenza. iindleko Lower ibonwa kwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-iinkqubo ofisi hysteroscopic ukususela ukuphunyezwa yabo ayifuni igumbi ekhethekileyo ngokwaneleyo.

Hlala uphilile!