Gas-3102 "iVolga": zobugcisa iinkcukacha, isakhiwo kunye iifoto

Gaz 3102 "iVolga" - imveliso moto yiSoviet, eyathi yenziwa kwixesha ukususela 1982 ukuya ku-2008 kwi-Gorky Automobile Plant. Ngaba ezihlangwini ndingaz-24, kodwa ke imveliso woshishino imodeli entsha zange ahambe, imbambano kuphelela ngeebhetshi amancinci. Kulo nyaka off ibhanti malunga iikopi namawaka amathathu, zonke ezo ezazijoliswe ukuba abaphathi ephakathi Soviet.

Imbali imoto

Ukukhutshwa ndingaz-3102 kwenzeka ngexesha ekuweni yiSoviet Union, utshintsho kwezopolitiko ikwazizinto kwimveliso ezichaphazeleke ngokungalunganga, Gorky Automobile Plant fever, indawo bubunkokheli, baqala ukudilizwa abaninzi, abasebenzi khange bahlawulwe kangangeenyanga. kwiiprojekthi ezizayo ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha kraca "iVolga" ziye zavalwa enye emva kwenye. Gaz-3102 eveliswe yi inertia eminye iminyaka emithathu, de yokuthutha ayifakwanga wayeka ngo-1992. Kodwa kungekudala, urhulumente Russian wagqiba ekubeni aqalise ukuvelisa iimoto. Gaz lifumene inkxaso-mali, kunye nokuveliswa ndingaz-3102 "iVolga" baqhubeka. Ngexesha imfuneko imoto nokuhlelwa lehla kakhulu, amagosa amaninzi Russian zadluliselwa iimoto amazwe. production ndingaz-3102 ekugqibeleni lwayekiswa-2008. amandla Factory waqalisa kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-minibus "Ibhadi".

iimpawu

Ukucacisa ndingaz-3102:

• Umzimba - isihlalo ezintlanu-,-umnyango ezine sedan.
• platform Technology, yesisu - Gaz-24.
• Axels - 4/2.
• IMbonakalo - RWD, perednemotornaya.
• Injini - ZMZ 4022,10, "Chrysler EDZ", "Rover 20T4 / V8", Toyota 3RZ-FE / 5VZ.
• IProtokholi --4 isantya manual, isantya-5 transmission manual.
• Ubukhulu Lilonke - ubude 4960 mm, ukuphakama 1476 mm, ububanzi 1820 mm.
• Wamavili - 2800 mm.
• ukucoca Ground - 156 mm.
• Ukuvimbela Weight - 1450 kg.
• track Front - 1510 mm.
• track diff - 1423 mm.

Features ndingaz-3102 ngexesha lokuyila ezingumzekelo ingqalelo phambili ngokwaneleyo, kodwa parameters kumatshini namhlanje ezibonakala ngaphandle umhla.

ingaphandle

Yohlanga ndingaz-3102 (photo thaca kwiphepha) eziqingqwe ngokweempawu ezintathu: ukungqinelana kuyilo-kumgangatho wehlabathi, nokugcina onke amalungu omzimba isitampu ndingaz-24 (sayo spars, amacala, buti nesivalo, iingcango kunye nophahla). Yaye okwesithathu, lo matshini kwafuneka ukuba bafezekise imigangatho yokhuseleko ephakamileyo zombini eyimpumelelo esebenzayo.

Inkangeleko imoto features uyilo owayephila ehlanganisa iikhonto amandla American umzimba kunye zomziba yaseYurophu laconic. grille kwi indlela "ngethambo" yaba njengomncedisi invariable brand yeemoto "iVolga".

Iimfuno engqongqo ukhuseleko ndingaz-3102 yaba negalelo ekudalweni imimandla Ukunciphisa amandla impembelelo. Njengenxalenye kuyilo inzuzo yenkqubo itanki yamafutha athathwa baphuma phantsi emgangathweni kwaye ibekwe phezu asi ngasemva, njengoko le ndawo akanakufane ubunzima kwemithamo kukothuka ngexesha ungqubano. Indawo entsha ye itanki yamafutha eye wavumela ukuba ukwandisa umthamo wayo iilitha ezingama-70. Imisele umzimba umatshini emva zonke iinguqu uyilo ziye mihla ngakumbi, kwaye iikhonto emotweni wabonisa iimpawu gentility.

ingaphakathi

Interior ndingaz-3102 waphuhliswa ngokungqinelana nefashoni ngelo xesha, abayili baye bazama ukuba banike uluvo ngayo imoto yohlobo saloon, yaye ngelo xesha linye kwafuneka ukuba awuthintele amabhongo zabo, ukuba aye ngaphaya kwemida. Isimbo imoto esemthethweni uqobo uhombiso elingaphakathi eSoviet kwafuneka ukuba batshatise imifuziselo best angaphandle kwaye ngexesha elinye Ziqulethe ishishini imoto eSoviet. Xa 70s yenkulungwane lokugqibela beza abafundi befashoni wangaphakathi izithuthi usike emithi bemvelo, kodwa ukuba automakers Western wayenako akanaso kwiphaneli Rosewood, njalo-njalo. N., Ukuba imali eninzi kakhulu ukuba abenzi Soviet. Ngoko ke, lo neenkuni lendalo endaweni nje self-enamathelayo umboniso nomfuziselo phantsi komthi.

Entofontofo wayesondele imilinganiselo kwabo iziyolo, izitulo kunye iiphaneli ucango ukunceda umgangatho velor ebomvu, eluhlaza kunye shades beige. seatbacks abe imilo wamathambo, ngokuvumela umqhubi kunye abakhweli musani ndidinwe ngexesha uhambo olude. Umatshini Floor inqwaba iikhaphethi zendalo, ukutyabeka kwandisa kakhulu intuthuzelo kule ndlu, kodwa wakhonza nesandi ubushushu umaleko. Le nkqubo zivula lahlanganisa diffusers emoyeni, yaye ngenxa yokuba ngelo xesha kwakungekho izimiso moya imoto, indawo yangaphakathi ye ndingaz-3102 inika umoya opholileyo ngeendleko umoya olusebenzayo.

isityalo amandla

I-injini, leyo ifakiwe ndingaz-3102 ngo-1982, akazange ngokupheleleyo uyilo eqhelekileyo kwaye baxhotyiswe yaphambi ucinezelo yokutsha gumbi jet, noqhuba phezu PAH-nkqubo (ndachithelwa ukusebenza yokutsha). iinjini Prechamber kuqala wavela Gorky Automobile Plant kwasekuqaleni njengoko ngamahlanu, ngethuba uphendlo kobuchwepheshe kuqoqosho amafutha. Le ndlela bungasifumani kwi ngokukhawuleza yi ucinezelo ukuvuleka wala. Iinjini ZMZ 4022,10 zixhotyiswe ngakumbi yintlantsi Imigudu eziqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ekuphuculeni izityalo amandla ndingaz-3102 yaqhubeka, njengokuba umatshini enzima kuyidla isixa esikhulu gqitha zamafutha. Le meko wasonjululwa xa ngowe-1992 ithuba ukungenisa Japanese Motors Toyota 3RZ-FE, ngokwaneleyo enamandla nenoqoqosho. Kwaye ngo-2006, isityalo Gorky yaqala ukumenywa American Motors Chrysler EDZ.

Gaz-3102, apho i-injini uguqulelo zasekhaya olihlwempu, waqalisa yokuxhobisa Motors amazwe. Lo mkhuba waqhubeka iminyaka eliqela, kude kususwe yomatshini kwimveliso. Ukucacisa zonke iinjini ezifakwe ndingaz-3102, kukho malunga aba lomqulu lombhobho - litre 2.3-2.5 umthamo - 103-130 l. a.

transmission

Transmission for ndingaz-3102 iye zilungiswe ngokwezigaba, ekuqaleni ezicwangciselwe ukufakela unit langa kunye hydromechanical drive. Kodwa iyalibala inkqubo yocwangciso eSoviet iye kwakhona idlale indima yayo, kwaye imoto entsha ufumene ukudluliselwa owayephambi layo, i-Gaz-24. Transmission ifuna ukuphuculwa njengoko ndingaz-3102 yaba kwiklasi ubunzima eyahlukileyo, kwaye ubunzima bayo iyafuneka ezinye Umlinganiselo izixhobo transmission ngqo. Ekugqibeleni imoto waqalisa kukuxhobisa eziphuculiweyo gearbox, ezine-manual, nto leyo kude nemfezeko eyakhayo.

chassis

Chassis ndingaz-3102 kwinqanaba yokuqala kwimveliso yaba umzekelo anachronism imoto. Ukunqunyanyiswa ngaphambili kumgaqo yokuya ngenqindi kwi Sisafuna, icebo enjalo kusetyenziswa ngexesha iilori. Ukuthembeka kumiswa ibe phezulu, kodwa kwanangamacandelo alo ifuna ukuthambisa ajikeleze rhoqo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo izinto zokuthambisa "Litol." Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ezande nesirinji zithe zafakelwa kwazi ndawo ukuthambisa ajikeleze. absorbers Umothuko ukumiswa ngaphambili ukuba iimpawu ezintle Buyisela kwaye ukumelana imithwalo enzima.

ukumiswa diff ndingaz 3102 kwaba uyilo elula irobust ezongeziweyo, umzimba wathembela kwi semi-okweqanda imithombo igqabi nemivalo kuluhlu elisetyenziselwa bar roll. Amacici saxineka kunye imithombo sleeve of tank irabha. Ngoko ke isiqinisekiso intsebenziswano noiseless of ezishukumayo. absorbers Umothuko kwi asi ngasemva ngeoli isicelo absorbers umothuko hydraulic.

Wazaphula System GAZ3102 waba mihla ngakumbi, onke amacandelo eziveliswa bumabumela Girling mvume yaseBritani. yesiphaluka-Two uxhulumaniso ngamanzi kunye lombhobho brake esisetyenziswa yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kodwa esebenzayo soxinzelelo mahluko kwi obuziintlobo ukusebenza injini. Iziqhoboshi zixhotyiswe nge Hydro-vac, oko kwanele kuxinzelelo ukukhanya enyovwayo brake ukutshintsha inkqubo brake lonke. isenzo handbrake lever kwaye zixhonywe amavili angasemva.

electrics

Gaz-3102, nto leyo scheme elektroobudovaniya imisiwe phantsi injini ZMZ 402, yaye ifuna yotshintsho engxamisekileyo soyilo yombane ekwinqwelo ngenxa ezintsha rhoqo, utshintsho ukukhanyisa kunye neempawu yokhuseleko mihla.

models isikali

Kule 80 nekhulu lwekhulu lokugqibela waqala fashion njengezibonelo elincinane iimoto zasekhaya eziveliswa zizityalo ndingaz, AZLK, AvtoVAZ kunye UAZ. Modeli 1:43 isikali eziveliswa kule isityalo "Radon" kwisixeko Saratov. Model ndingaz-3102 yakhutshwa phantsi A38 inani. Namhlanje le moto kugqalwa lwepaki lwepaki.