Frame - yintoni na le nto?

Wonke umphengululi self-nokuhlonipha lula ukujongana elinesibini nezinye skanvordov. Kodwa kwizazi ngamanye amaxesha nazo imibuzo enzima ukuyiphendula. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, loo nto ayisoloko ukunceda nditsho edumileyo indlela "izibalo" ngokukhethwa yoonobumba. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akukho nayo omnye kuni kunye nemiba echaphazela elithi "isakhelo". Lo msebenzi kunokuba nzima, nokuba baphendule kubo, kuya kufuneka ukuba athi nkxu kwimbali imikhumbi.

Yintoni na isakhelo?

Igama elithi "isakhelo" ngolwimi Russian weza evela eNetherlands, yaye ngokoqobo lithetha "iinkuni buthelezi." Enyanisweni, kuba licandelo zisecaleni nenqanawa iseti amandla apho sisebenza khona stiffener.

Ngophuhliso ngezobunjineli, lo gama sele isetyenziswe kwicandelo lokwakha moya, apho kubonisa ubambo ukuba njengendlela moya fuselage. Njengokuba sele kucaca, indima engundoqo edlalwa yi kwisakhelo - unika ngqongqo eyimfuneko isitya, enoba-moya okanye elwandle.

Kwakhona, le ngxenye iseti amandla isetyenziselwa ukukhusela icandelo longitudinal, kuyimfuneko ukuba nesingxobo iqokobhe na. abantu abanolwazi kuya kuba luncedo ukwazi ukuba umgama phakathi lezakhelo esecaleni ngokuba isithuba em.

iintlobo isakhelo

iinkuni nentsimbi: Kukho amaqela amakhulu amabini ukuba iinjineli nabo bonke abekiweyo. uhlobo ngalunye kuye branched yokuhlela. Ngoko ke, yeplanga cross-echweliweyo zihlukaniswe:

1. Kruthu, enamakhulu ifayile iinkuni eqinileyo. ukusebenzisa kwabo Manufacturing amabhakethi kunye esime zendalo.
2. Futoksovye, apho ndawonye ezivela kumacandelo eziliqela. Olu hlobo crosspieces yeplanga olusetyenziswa kakhulu.

Le ibandakanya isakhelo iinxalenye ezimbini futoksovy: oko flortimbers ngqo futoks. Flortimbers na inxalenye eqhotyoshelwe zikhangeleke esi sikhephe - crossbeams ugqithayo kuwo yonke ubude wenqanawa. Kuye ezivela macala omabini iqhotyoshelwe futoksy. iimveliso Metal zahlulwe kwiiklasi ngaphezulu. Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi ayikhuphi izakhelo yi umsebenzi:

• isakhelo, umsebenzi apho kukwandisa amandla enqanaweni kunye uqhagamshelwano lwamalungu ukuthwala longitudinal;
• esisiseko, ekubeni inkoliso inani elipheleleyo imiqadi ezinqamlezayo, zisetyenziswa lungisa isitya.

Inani imivalo amandla ezinqamlezayo ixhomekeke yeetoni enqanaweni, imvula yayo. Ngenxa yoko, isakhelo - akukho nje inqanawa ethwele element ukuba lukhuni umzimba. Kunika kananjalo inqanawa kukho uzinzo ethile emanzini.

uhlobo olulodwa

Kushishino imikhumbi ukuba ithatha isakhelo ekhethekileyo indawo midship, nangona ngokokwakheka kuba akukho kwahluka kwezinye iintlobo imivalo amandla ezinqamlezayo. Eli gama lisetyenziswa kwi izibalo, kuba akukho ngokungqongqo embindini nkqo, ezidibanayo umkhombe kunye. Ngokusekelwe nendawo yesakhelo midship, ukubala isiphathi wenqanawa sendleleni, kwakunye nezindlu nomba nenzaliseko olwahlula amandla kunye nesantya wenqanawa. Kuya kukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba yintoni na isakhelo midship, ifoto.

"Bathi zihlobene"

Enye yezona iinkalo ziphambili iseti igobhogobho esi sikhephe na stringer, owenza umsebenzi ezininzi:

1. It enomthwalo indlela ombane bebonke ukugoba mzuzu kwicala longitudinal.
2. Ukuphinda umthwalo phakathi imivalo abakufuphi amandla ezinqamlezayo.
3. An inkxaso eliphakathi for lezakhelo.

Ngapha koko, stringers zenziwe izinto eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo emzimbeni istili okanye fuselage moya. Xa skanvordov ngokufuthi ndifumana imibuzo emalunga nawo, kodwa ngoku siyazi ukuba stringers - inkxaso ukuba lezakhelo.