Microclimate - yintoni na le nto? Production microclimate. iimfuno ucoceko ukuba microclimate kwezakhiwo

Ukuphuhliswa ezintsha uzobe olwenziwe ngocoselelo kolawulo kunye nokulawula ungcoliseko moya kwimimandla mveliso ngenxa imfuneko yokuphucula iimfuno umgangatho iimeko zokusebenza le. Njengoko kwenziwe kakuhle-ntle kunye nempilo kokusingqongileyo jikelele, abantu ngempumelelo ngakumbi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo umthamo kwimveliso. Kweli nqanaba imiba ephambili ukuqinisekisa umoya ococekileyo ngokusekelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo umoya kunye umoya mveliso. Indawo esembindini ngokomxholo iingxaki ekudaleni iimeko kangangoko ukuba microclimate ngaphakathi kuthatha - iseti yezalathi wokhuseleko imozulu uncedo imveliso. Oko kukuthi, kukho izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo kugcinwe umgangatho ophezulu lomoya lwasezindlwini - eli microclimate kunye iparameters yayo.

Yintoni imeko-bume ukusebenza?

Kule mimiselo lwangoku, kunikwa uxanduva lokuququzelela iinkqubo zemveliso, omninzi ingqwalasela ihlawulwe ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Ngokuchasene nentsukaphi ukuntsonkotha mveliso ubugcisa, inkqubo kunye nokulahlwa lwamashishini kwaye kukho imfuneko ukhuselo olufanelekileyo abantu. Ngokwemiqathango definition ingqiqo yokhuseleko yabasebenzi iye ixabiso kakhulu microclimate - iseti yemida lomoya, ekuye kwagqitywa zisekelwe kwixabiso avumelekile kunye lobushushu egqibeleleyo, ukufuma, ubushushu kunye nezinye radiation iimpawu. Kwixesha elizayo, ukuba isiqalo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso ukudala iimeko zikhululekile ukuba umsebenzi evuzayo abantu kule nkampani.

Imiba echaphazela ixabiso parameters

Formation microclimate kwenzeka phantsi kweempembelelo izinto ezininzi, kunye nokumisela amaxabiso parameters zayo. Emini, intsebenzo yabo azifani, kwaye kwezinye iindawo yaye onke ezahlukeneyo ngexesha elinye. Uluhlu zinto ziphambili zijongwayo i parameters microclimate ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• zone sezulu kunye nexesha lonyaka;
• iivenkile ubungakanani, izibonelelo, amasebe;
• iimeko iimpawu zezulu;
• ngenkxaso yezobugcisa bolwazi inkqubo yokuvelisa;
• inani labasebenzi.

parameters microclimate

Ekuhlalutyeni iimeko yokwakhiwa kwe le microclimate kwi parameters zokuhamba kufuneka siqwalaselwe ngamnye okanye zidityaniswe. Izalathi eziphawula emsebenzini ziquka isantya ehamba, imilinganiselo ukufuma kunye lobushushu lomoya. Ukongeza, ikwavumela termoobluchenie kungenzeka. imo lobushushu, ngokokuqhelekileyo ezimiselwe iimpawu kumphezulu. Ngokukodwa, sithabathela ingqalelo imeko kwezakhiwo kunye nezixhobo (oomatshini, izixhobo, izikrini). parameters Ubushushu microclimate kuthathelwa ingqalelo kuphela xa indlela yokubonelela ubushushu. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo ubushushu radiation. Iimpawu ukufuma esekelwe iperi okuza, leyo ikhoyo nokubakho emoyeni. Kulo mzekelo, i ukufuma na kubalwa eliphezulu, isalamane kunye elipheleleyo.

Isiphumo kwi microclimate emzimbeni

Ipharamitha kwemo yasemsebenzini kuchaphazela ngqo imeko mntu. Umzekelo, Isalathisi ukuncitshiswa lobushushu nesantya nokwanda enemijelo umoya siqaqambisa transfer ubushushu convective kunye nokudluliselwa nobushushu. Oku kwenzeka ebudeni komphunga umbilo lula can umzimba supercooling. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, okusingqongileyo ukusebenza kunokubangela iinkqubo reverse, ukuba iqondo lobushushu lomoya liphume. Kwakhona ukufuma idlala indima ebalulekileyo ifuthe kokusingqongileyo ukusebenza emzimbeni womntu. Nale siboniso enxulumene ubushushu bomzimba ukunyamezelana kunye kuyabuya thermal. Ukuba ukunyuka ukufuma isizalwane, lo komphunga umbilo elicothayo kwaye kukho umngcipheko nobushushu lomzimba.

neziphumo ezibi ubushushu imvakalelo ngakumbi liye landa iimeko ukufuma, xa ubushushu kune-30 ° C. yonke Umthamo ubushushu eyenziwe imvelaphi umbilo komphunga, kuya kungena bume, neyenza kwemozulu ukusebenza kweli gumbi. amazinga aphakamileyo ukufuma ukuvala amathuba komphunga xhopho - wehla phezu komhlaba kwesikhumba. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo iqale flow kwemvula izithukuthuku ukuba kokugqiba ukusebenza umntu kwaye uthintele transfer ngokupheleleyo ubushushu.

iimfuno yococeko

Imithetho elawula iimpawu kwemozulu ziqulethwe izixhobo ahluphekayo izibonelelo industrial. Imithetho iimfuneko ucoceko ukuba microclimate enika ixabiso ngokupheleleyo lobushushu elivumelekileyo, Velocity umoya kunye nokusingqongileyo nokufuma. Ukongeza, kukho iimfuno ukuya radiation ubushushu ngenxa kwizakhiwo zoshishino, kuthathelwa ingqalelo umthwalo yabasebenzi kunye nexesha lonyaka.

Ukuzaliseka imilinganiselo akusoloko kusenzeka izityalo apho imigangatho yococeko zichasene neemfuno zobuchwepheshe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho iinkonzo lokongamela awukwazi ukufikelela nokuzinza kwezoqoqosho kweli shishini. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba abaphathi musa ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukudala iimeko ezincomekayo abasebenza kuzo. Endaweni yoko kwenziwa kokusebenzisa ukukhusela ukusebenza amanyathelo okhuseleko ezizodwa ithetha.

lusebenze

iimeko microclimate ezifanelekileyo kwiziza yemveliso kwiimeko ezininzi ebalwa indices le sokusebenza lo msebenzi. Iimfuno elilelona ukuba microclimate ejoliswe ekunikeni imvakalelo jikelele kunye nowengingqi intuthuzelo thermal ngexesha shift iiyure ezisibhozo-. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukungaqondani isezantsi thermoregulation.

Enye Indlela kubalo eyiyo kweSebe microclimate na ukungabikho zizathu ezibangela yokwahluka nesimo sempilo. Ukongeza, i-bume zomsebenzi kukudala iimeko zokuphucula impilo yabantu. Iimfuno isicelo imisebenzi abasebenzi 'apho imisebenzi umsebenzi can be ezihambelanayo kuphela nokusebenza imisebenzi yobugcisa. Oku kunye neenxalenye apho nayo ibonelela uxinezeleko luvo-iimvakalelo, umz, iiphaneli kunye nezikhululo ulawulo, izakhiwo kunye nezixhobo wecomputing-ofisi, apho umqhubi elawula inkqubo.

iimeko Sivumelekile microclimate

Kuba iimeko benazo esebenzayo parameters ezisetyenziswa iimfuno zingqongqo. Ekubeni indawo yokusebenza - iseti izikhombisi kwi ezahlukeneyo izinto kwindawo esingqongileyo esebenzayo, ukusebenza kakhulu ngokufuthi kuphela kunokwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, baze bayisebenzise imilinganiselo kunye nemilinganiselo yokwakha. Xa ngokuvumelana nawo akukho bungozi ezinxaxhileyo kakhulu kwimpilo kubasebenzi, kodwa ifuthe kwi imvakalelo ethile jikelele kabi, imbonakalo yempilo enkenenkene nokuncipha komsebenzi Kusengenzeka. Umzekelo, avumelekile kokugquma ixabiso ubushushu emoyeni ngokuxhomekeke kubunjani inkqubo yokusebenza kunokuba ukusuka-3 ukuya ku-5 ° C, nto leyo maxa wambi ebangela ukungakhululeki, ngaphandle kokuba kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo siqu.

yomlinganiselo kusho microclimate

Ukuze imisele imiqathango microclimate indlela yokusebenza, kufuneka usebenzise izixhobo ezifanelekileyo yokulinganisa. Izixhobo zemveli zilungele ulawulo lobushushu na ithemometha, kodwa kanga thermographs ngalo parameters ilungiswe ngexesha lekhefu elithile. Uluhlu olubanzi izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ukugqiba isiqulatho sokufuma, nto leyo kwakhona ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno kokusingqongileyo endlwini ngendlela lwamaxabiso ezithile. Ezi isenokuba zokubhala kunye yokulangazelela psychrometers, hygrometers, kunye barometers - aneroid asetyenziswe umlinganiselo womoya.

Prevention of imiphumela emibi

Njengoko sele sibonile, uthobele iimfuno microclimate akusoloko kusenzeka, kwaye konke konke ukutenxa amaxabiso yokwakha kufuna amanyathelo othintelo ejolise ukuphelisa iingxaki. Waqonda iindidi ngeendidi kuthetha, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo umoya, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko lobuqu kwimiphumo amaqondo aphantsi kunye phezulu, njl Ekubeni microclimate - .. Le meko medium, esenokuba lendawo le nto badla ezenziwa kumahluko Improvement kumashishini kuxhomekeke iimpawu emoyeni. Oku kukuvumela ukuba kuxhotyiswa ngamagimbi awodwa yokuphumla, apho abasebenzi kunye ukubuyisela imo eziphilayo.