Ezikhumbuzo zendalo Krasnodar Territory. Lakes, iingxangxasi Krasnodar Territory (ifoto)

Namhlanje, ukukhenketha kwezinto eziphilayo kuyanda kakhulu, kunye nenjongo yendlela yokugcina indawo kunye neepaki.

Kule nqaku uza kubona izikhumbuzo zendalo ze-Krasnodar Territory. Siza kukumema amachibi anamangalisa, sifunde inkqubo yeefomfolo kunye nemingcwaba, qhelana naloo nto inomdla njengeLwandle loLwandle.

Ziziphi izikhumbuzo zendalo?

Ngethuba lokuqala ixesha elibonakalayo kwi-explorer eyaziwayo uAlexander Humboldt. Kodwa kamva wathatha izinto ezininzi waza walahlekelwa ngumntu wesayensi.

Namhlanje, udidi olucacileyo luyilwa olungabonakali kuphela ixabiso lesikhumbuzo kwiintlobo ezithile, kodwa lucacisa nokuba ngubani ofuna ukukhuselwa okanye axabiseke kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, iindidi ezilandelayo ziyabonwa: izikhumbuzo zemvelo, iindawo ezingcwele, amapaki kunye neendawo zokugcina.

Akusiyo nto ukuba namhlanje ukuhamba kwezotyelelo kukhula ngeendlela zokuzonwabisa ezendalo. Emva koko, nje kuphela abantu banokuphumla, bafumane isityholo se-vivacity, bolule kwaye baqinise iisifuba, bahlalise inkqubo ye-nervous.

Abrau

Ukubhala izikhumbuzo zendalo ye-Krasnodar Territory, ngokukhethekileyo ukuhlala echibini lase-Abrau. Le yindawo enkulu yamanzi amanzi kulo mmandla. Ubude bayo bube ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezimbini neekhilomitha, kwaye ububanzi bubungamakhulu amathandathu. Ummandla olingana nawo u-hektare ezingama-180.

I-echibi lingaphezulu kwezinga elwandle kwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ezili-84. Ingenamanzi, oko kukuthi, imifula nemifudlana igeleza kuyo, kodwa amanzi angaphezulu aqhutyanga naphi na. Indlela ehamba phambili yokuhamba kwamanzi ikhupha.

Ubunzulu bunzulu namhlanje buvela kwiimitha ezili-11. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba phakathi kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo kwezantsi kwelabi kwakukho iimitha ezingama-30 ukusuka phezulu. Kodwa ngenxa yokokuba akukho ukugeleza kwamanzi, i-Abrau idibanisa.

Namhlanje, le ngxaki enkulu yesikhumbuzo semvelo, njengoko amanzi asetyenziswa kwiimfuno zezoqoqosho ngabahlali bendawo. Umsebenzi uqhubeka ukwakha idama ukuze ibambe i-sediment kwaye ikukhusele ukuba ungene echibini. Ukongezelela, kwezinye iindawo phantsi kwe-silt ihlambulukile.

Ukuqwalasela ingcamango yendawo, i-echibini yaqulunqwa kwisayithi ye-aul, eyayiwela phantsi komhlaba. Abemi balo baba zizityebi kwaye baziqhenyce ngokuba banqwenela ukuhambisa indlela eya elwandle ngeemali zegolide nesiliva. Ngenxa yoko, iNkosi yazisusa idolophana ebusweni bomhlaba waza wagcwalisa isitya ngokumanzi. Enyanisweni, igama leli libi livela kwigama lama-Abkhazian elithi "abrau", oku kuthetha "ukungena".

Namhlanje, abaphandi besi sikhumbuzo sendalo bayabambana malunga neendlela zokwakhiwa kwamanzi. Kukho iinguqulelo ezintathu ezipheleleyo.

Ngokweengcamango zokuqala, i-Abrau lakhiwa ngenxa ye-karst ukuhluleka. Kodwa izazi ze-geologists azivumelani nalo, kuba amachibi karst ahlala ekhona kumaqela, kwaye oku kumelelwe kwimbutho. Ukongezelela, uhlobo lwesiseko aluqinisekisi ngcamango.

Ingqungquthela yesibini yinto yokuthi i-reservoir yintsalela yeso sikhephe esikhulu seCimmerian. Ubukho beentlanzi zamanzi ezihlambulukileyo ziqinisekisa le ngqungquthela inxalenye, kodwa ayiyikukhanyisa imvelaphi yesitya.

Eyona nto eyintloko kunye neyona nto ibonakalayo yinto yokutshatyalaliswa kwenyikima, umhlaba okanye enye inguqu yomhlaba. Ngokwale ngcamango, kwakukho i-cataclysm eyayivimbile indlela yoLwandle lwe-Abrau ukuya eLwandle oluMnyama. Ngenxa yoko, kwakhiwa ilitye.
Ukungabikho kweentaba eziphakamileyo, apho kungenziwa khona umhlaba, kuyona kuphela isizathu sokuba kukho ezinye iinguqulelo. Ngoko ke, kuba baphandi beli phepha livulekile.

IKardyvach

Nabani na oye wagqiba ukujonga izikhumbuzo zelifa lezendalo kunye nelifa lemveli leKrasnodar Territory uphotyelwe ukuba a tyelele eLake Kardyvach. Eli liqula elihle kule ndawo. Itholakala kwiikhilomitha ezingama-44 ukusuka eKrasnaya Polyana, kwingingqi ye-Adler yeSochi.

I-Kardyvach yilaba egelezayo. Umlambo owondla ubizwa ngokuba yiMzymta. Ubungakanani bendawo leyo malunga nesiqingatha seekhilomitha, ububanzi bubungama-350-360 yamitha, ububanzi bunzulu buyingamitha ezili-17. Itholakala kwindawo ephakamileyo yee-1838 zeemitha ngaphezu kwinqanaba lolwandle, elijikelezwe yimithambeka yeCandelo eliPhambili laseCaucasian.

Ukusuka elunxwemeni lolwandle unokubona iintlanzi ezinjengeLoyub, iTyyyyyshho, iKardyvach (eyona nto kunye nodonga). Umzantsi-mpuma we-reservoir unqamle umda we-Kutekeku.

Imvelaphi yelibi yi-moraine-dam echibi. Xa i-glacier ishukunyiswa, yakha umzobo kwaye iwukhiye nge-moraine. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngenxa yokufika kweziqhekeza zamatye kunye nezidaka, i-reservoir iya kuba yincinci.

Nangona i-Mzymta ephakamileyo idla i-Kardyvach, i-echibi ngokuqinisekileyo yi-bezrybnoe, kuba i-downstream iyimpompo yamanzi.

Ukuba uya kunyuka umlambo, unako ukufuphi kufuphi ne-Upper Kardyvach. Kulo lulwandle, kwanexesha elitshisayo lehlobo, iinqhezu zeqhwa zijikeleza, ezithe zagqithisa umhlaba wonke kwiinyanga ezininzi.

Waterfalls zeAgur

Izikhumbuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi zendalo ye-Krasnodar Territory zingashiyi mntu. Lowo oye watyelela ezi ntlambo, akaze azilibala ubuhle kunye nobuhle bemvelo.

Zifumaneka kwisithili saseKhosta saseSochi. Kukho imizila yeendlela zokuhamba, abo bathatha inxaxheba banokubukela iimbonakalo ezimangalisa kuzo zonke iintlambo ezintathu kunye neNtaba ye-Akhun.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umgama ukususela ngowokuqala ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela malunga neekhilomitha ezimbini neekhilomitha. Masifunde ngakumbi malunga namanzi e-agur.

Ngoko, umgca unamabhinqa amabini. Eyokuqala kubo - iimitha ezilishumi elinesibini, kunye neyesibini-ezilishumi elinesibhozo zamamitha. Ukuba ulandela umzila oqala kwi-Font's Font, uze ufike kwindawo yokuqala yamanzi, umgama uya kuba malunga neekhilomitha enye neekhilomitha.

Umyinge we-Augur Falls unesiqingatha kwikhilomitha ukusuka eNizhny Novgorod. Ukuphakama kwayo ngamamitha angama-23. Iphakamileyo encinci yi-Cascade ephezulu, ubude bayo buyii-23 zamitha.

Ukususela kwimpompo yokugqibela ungonwabela izimvo ezintle ze- Eagle Rocks. Kukholelwa ukuba kwakukho apha ukuba u-Prometheus wayekhe waxinwa, kwaye ukhozi lwaluhluthisa. Ngethuba lendlela ungakwazi ukubona isicatshulwa sale hero.

Ngamanye amaxesha izikhumbuzo zendalo zixhaswa ngelifa lemveli yoluntu, elidala umphumo omkhulu.

Salt Lake

Into elandelayo efumaneka kwiPeninsula yaseTaman. Ihambelana ngokupheleleyo negama layo, kuba inani lentyuwa kulo li-350-400 ppm. Oko kukuthi, malunga neyure yamanzi iya kuvelisa malunga ne-400 grams yetyuwa. Umzekelo: eLwandle Olufileyo, ugugu olufanayo lwamanzi.

Emva kokuba yinxalenye ye-Kuban Estuary, ngenxa yokungaxhamli kolwandle kunye nokuwa kwelokugqibela, eli chibi libonisa inkqubo yokwenziwa kolwandle olwandle.

Kwiimephu zangekhulu leshumi elinesithoba iyingxenye yeBuban Estuary, kamva-inxalenye yecala leBugaz. Kwiimephu zange-1850-1912 sele sele ikhefu sele likhethiweyo, nangona kunjalo, labizwa ngegama lendawo. Sekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabini, xa isifundo sibonisa ubungakanani bayo, umzimba wamanzi wabizwa nguSaline.

Umbono oqaqambileyo uvula kwiinduli ezikufuphi. Ukuqhubela phambili kuya kuqwalaselwa ezinye izikhumbuzo zendalo. Imimandla yemvelo ekhuselekile, njengoko uza kuvela kungekudala, ayifumaneki ubuncwane babo ubuncwane bobuboniso.

Kwimbonakalo evela entabeni intaba ibonakala inkulu kwaye inzulu. Ubude balo bukhilomitha enye kunye nesiqingatha, kwaye ububanzi buyikhilomitha. Uza kuqonda isicatshulwa sesiqhekeza xa usondela. Ubunzulu beSald Lake bu-10 cm kuphela!

Kodwa ubuncwane benkunkuma abukho kwiipasiti zamaminerali. Ixabiso eliphambili lechibi liyingcingo yesentimitha engama-60.

Xa oososayensi bafumanisa kwaye bahlolisise ezi ntlawulo, i-reservoir yagqitywa ngokukhawuleza phantsi kokukhuselwa kwe-state. Emva koko, iqukethe ii-cubic metri ezingama-200 zeemitha zokuxuba ze-hydrosulphuric!

Ubuhle bale ndawo yokuhlaliswa kwezilwanyana yendalo yindawo elunxwemeni oluhlukanisa ulwandle kunye noLwandle oluMnyama. Ububanzi bayo buyiikubhite ezilikhulu, kwaye ubude balo buyiikhilomitha ezingama-40! Ilula ku-Anapa kwaye ihlanganiswe nesihlabathi se-quartz esihle.

Khan lake

Xa sikhankanya izikhumbuzo zemvelo ezikhuselekile, kuyafaneleka ukuyeka kwiTata laseTatar. Itholakala ngaselunxwemeni lwe-Biesug kwaye liqhutywa yi-Yeisk sanatorium.

Enyanisweni, ibonisa isigaba sokuqala ekubunjweni kweTrans Lake.

Le nxalenye yelwandle, leyo, ekuhambeni kokungagxininiswa kwalolu hlobo, lwahlula kuqala kwi-bay, kwaye kamva yaba yindawo yokuzimela, ivalwe.

Ubude bechibi leKhan buyiikubhite ezilishumi elinamitha ubude, ezintandathu ezintandathu. Ubunzulu bayo bungama-80 centimitha.

Amanzi angena kumlambo ngoncedo lwemvula kunye nakwezinye iindawo ezisuka kwintlango, kwimeko yomoya oqinileyo.

Njengoko umxholo uthi, i-echibi labizwa ngokuba yiCrimea Khan eyakhela ibrome apha ukuzonwabisa ngamandla okuphulukisa amabhedi asekuhlaleni odakeni.

Pshad Waterfalls

Inkqubo yendawo yamanzi yamanzi ifaka ngaphezu kwekhulu, kodwa ezithandwa kakhulu zilishumi elinesithathu.

Izikhumbuzo zendalo ye-Krasnodar Territory zihlala zihlala kwiindawo zokungcebeleka kwaye zixhotyiswe ngeendlela zokuvakhenketha. Bawela kwicandelo lomlambo othiwa uBazy. Iimpawu ezilishumi elinesithathu eziphezulu ziphakamileyo ezingama-245 ukuya kwi-270 kumitha ngaphezulu kwezinga elwandle. Baqokelelwe kwikhilomitha enye.

Izindwangu ezisibhozo ezivela kwi-Pshadsky eziyinkimbinkimbi zifumaneka kuMlambo Olubomvu. Iyona enkulu kunazo zonke kunye no-low-down yi-Olyapkin okanye i-Great Pshadsky. Ukuphakama kwayo malunga neekhilomitha ezithoba. Lo mzekelo, kuba enye yeendawo ezikulo mhlaba igxotha kwaye i-jet iwa phezu kwamatye, kwaye ingabi ngqo kumanzi.

Okwesibini ephakamileyo emlonyeni weCrape Creek. Kwakhona kusondele kakhulu kwidibanti yeebhozo ezisibhozo kwaye ikhona kwindawo ephakamileyo yamamitha angama-270 ngaphezu kwinqanaba lolwandle. Ijethi yakhe iyawa phantsi kwamamitha asixhenxe.

Ama-waterfalls asele aphakathi kwezi ziqhwala. Ukuphakama kwawo kuyahluka ukusuka kumitha engama-4.5 ukuya kwi-30 cm.

I-Kochkareva gap iyaziwa ngokuba yi-stalactite yayo ehlanjwe, ebonakalayo ifana nengwenya. Umlambo wePshada owela ngaphaya komlambo waseGrlyanov. Kukho iipopho ezilishumi kuyo. Apha iziphakamileyo zivela kwiimitha ezine ukuya kwishumi.

Ukumisa okulandelayo ngumqolo wee-40 zamanzi, i-current upper Thab. Apha uza kuhamba ngeendawo ezinzima ukuya kuzo ukubona izinto ukuya phezulu ukuya kumashumi amabini anamitha.

Ukuqhubela phambili kuyimfuneko ukujika kwicala lomlambo iPapayka, eliwela ePshadu. It has a tributary - uMlambo omnyama. Kule nkomfa yinkimbinkimbi yezinto ezibonakalayo ezibizwa ngokuthi iPapay Falls.

Indlela iqala ukusuka kwi-Aul yaseMnyama kwaye iyakhuphuka. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhamba, kufuneka uhambe malunga neekhilomitha ezintathu. Emva koko uqala i-leapfrog yamanzi. Kancinci, ukuphakama kwabo kwanda.

Impompo yokuqala yamanzi ayisishiyagalombili ephakamileyo ijikelezwe ngumbindi wamatye. Iimitha ezilishumi kumzantsi ziiyure ezimashumi ezisixhenxe.
Okulandelayo kuvela uluhlu lwee-cascades ezantsi. Ukuba ufikile apha, ngoko usekufutshane ne-tourist base "Alpinistskaya". Ekufuphi kukho ubunzima beeMonasteries, kwaye ukuba uhamba umgca wokugaya (umgcini wePshada), unokuhlangabezana nezinye iifomfle.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba uyazi indlela yokuxabisa ubuhle bemidlalo emangalisayo yamatye kunye nemifudlana, kufuneka uhambele ezi ndawo.

Vorontsovskaya cave

Izikhumbuzo zendalo zaseRashiya zihlala zixhamla kunye nembali kunye neendlela eziyinqaba zeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhanga kwethu okulandelayo kuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu yamahholo angaphantsi komhlaba. Ungena emkhombeni we-Vorontsov.

Igama le sikhumbuzo alizange livela kwigama elidumileyo leXIXX, kodwa ukusuka kwidolophana elisondeleyo-dolophu yaseVorontsovka.

Inkqubo yomlambo itholakala kwisithili sase-Adler saseSochi, kufuphi neendlunkulu zomlambo iKudepsta.

Ngaphantsi komhlaba kukho iminyango engama-10, efumaneka kwindawo ephakamileyo yama-400 ukuya kuma-700 engama-mitha ngaphezulu kwinqanaba lolwandle. Kukho i-term for the explorers - "fracturing". Ibonisa inqanaba leendlela zokwenzela i-monolithic.

Ngoko, apho, apho iindonga zincinci ngaphantsi, oko kukuthi, kukho iindawo ezininzi eziqhekezayo, kukho iindlu ezingaphantsi komhlaba ezithandekayo ngobuhle bazo.
Phakathi kwabo owaziwa kakhulu yiBhere, iOval, Hall of Silence kunye ne-Prometheus Grotto. Amanye ala magumbi ayingozi. Ngenxa yobuninzi beemichiza, ukuwa kwezinto akuqhelekanga. Ngokomzekelo, ehholo loMlambo ongaphantsi ungabona i-debris ukuya kwii-cubic metres ezingama-50 ngomthamo.

Ukongezelela kwimihlathi enjalo yokudibanisa, kukho iihholo kunye ne- stalactites kunye ne-stalagmites. Eyona edume kakhulu yiLustter okanye i-Variety. Ububanzi bayo buhluka ukusuka kwiibhozo ezisibhozo ukuya kwisithoba, kwaye ubude buyiimitha ezingamashumi amabini. Nabani na umntu oza apha, kwindawo engummangaliso yeendlela ze-karst.

Iholide ende kunazo zonke i-Prometheus grotto. Ubude bayo buyi-120 mitha.

Abadala be-Archaeologists kule nkqubo yokumangcwaba bafumana iindawo zokuhlala zeebhere zokuqala, kunye neendawo zePalaolithic zabantu basendulo.

Umthi wobuhlobo

Izinto zendalo kunye nezikhumbuzo zendalo azisoloko zenziwe ngokuzimela. Umzekelo wale nto unokuba sisikhwele esilandelayo.

Esi sityalo sineminyaka engamashumi asibhozo ubudala. Kanye (ngowe-1934) isosayensi uZorin FM watshala i-lemon yasendle. Injongo yomsebenzi womphandi kwakunokukhupha izithelo zegrrams, ezingenakuzesaba amaqabunga aseRashiya.

Iziqhamo ezingaba ngu-45 ezahlukileyo zahlanganiswa ngokulandelelana. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zama-mandarins, ii-oranges, iidipefruit kunye nezinye izithelo zegrriti.

Ngomhla ngo-1940 eli liziko la tyelelwa nguOtto Schmidt yaye waboniswa umyezo womyezo. Umphenyi we-polar ugonyile elinye i-twig. Kamva, ngo-1957, inkqubo efana nayo yaphindwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngabavakashi abavela eVietnam.

Kuza kube yimhla, esi sityalo sinamathele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziqhamo ezingaphezu kwama-630, kwaye kwinkqubo yokugonya, iindwendwe ezidumiweyo ezivela kumazwe angama-167 ehlabathini zithatha inxaxheba. Emva kwakhe kukhula ama-60 "abantwana" - imithi eyatyalwe ngabalawuli bezinye izizwe, abameli, ii-cosmonauts kunye namanye amanani.

Namhlanje, i-museum ivuliwe apha, egcina izinto ezingaphezu kwamawaka amabini anemiboniso ngeendlela zokukhumbuza iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Amkelwe xa e tyelela ukunika ezinye izinto zelizwe eziphawulekayo.

Ilitye loLwandle

Ukuba ujonga ukuhlolwa kweethenkethi kwinethiwekhi, kubonakala ukuba phantse zonke izikhumbuzo zendalo zeTrastiodar Territory zihlala kwindawo yakuloo dolophu yaseSochi.

Kodwa oku akunjalo. Ngoku siza kuthetha ngelinye lezinto ezikuloo ndawo yesithili saseMaikop. Kuyo kukho izinto ezinjengotyelelo, njengeHajok kunye nama dolmens, i-canyon yomlambo waseBelaya, ilitye "Yizisa, Nkosi" nabanye. Kodwa into engavamile kwaye ayikhunjulwa yiLwandle loLwandle.

Le yintsimi enkulu ye-karst outcrops, efana namaza agqityiweyo olwandle olwandle. Nazi izihlwitha, ama-grottos namagquma. Inkulu kunazo zonke iLake Cave.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuselwa kwezikhumbuzo zendalo. Ngokomzekelo, le ntsi esetyenziswanga kuphela ngabakhenkethi nabasemaholidini, kodwa nakumaziko amanqanaba aphakamileyo emfundo ngenjongo zemfundo.

Apha kukho iingcaphephe zentsimi zeengcali ze-geologists, i-botanists kunye nabafundi bezinye izinto ezizodwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwicandelo elisezantsi lakwaLwandle lwaseKamenny kukho iindlovu ze-alpine, kwaye ngasenyakatho - ihlathi. Okokuthi, izityalo zezi ndawo zihluke kakhulu.

Ngenxa yoko, kweli nqaku siza baziqhelanisa ezikhumbuzo zendalo Krasnodar Territory, sasihamba ecaleni kwiingxangxasi le nkqubo, watyelela nemiqolomba uhambe ecaleni Stone elwandle.