Christmas Tree: The Story of ngokundwendwela Russia

Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni ngeholide Kulindeleke yonyaka bathandiweyo abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, ngaphandle phawu zakudala ezifana umthi weKrismesi. Imbali yesiko imiyalelo ukuhombisa umthi holide, iingcambu zawo kwiinkulungwane umva. Xa abantu baqala ukuhombisa imithi, ndimkhathalela eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe, ebanyanzela ukuba enjenjalo?

Ntoni umthi

Abemi behlabathi bamandulo babekholelwa ngokwenene kwi amandla omlingo nababephethwe yimithi. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba amasebe awo zingumoya ezifihlakeleyo, okulungileyo nokubi, ekufuneka bexolisiwe. Akumangalisi ke, imithi ziye phantsi emahlelweni ezahlukeneyo. abantu bamandulo babanqula, qhagamshelana kubo ngomthandazo, ecela inceba kunye nokhuseleko. Ukuze Azingomoya ababusayo ngabandayo, ukuba itreyi imbeko (iziqhamo, iilekese), nto leyo lokusila kwi amasebe okanye kuhlukana ekufutshane.

Kutheni na ezihonjiswe pine, zomgamtriya, kwemioki kunye nezinye iintlobo, umzekelo umthi? Ibali Christmas iqulethe amavo ezininzi ezintle ngalo mbandela. Inguqulelo kakhulu sinenyaniso - ubuhle sapling wakhethwa ngenxa ukukwazi layo ukuhlala eluhlaza, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni ixesha lonyaka Abazange beze. Oku kwashiya abemi belimiweyo lamandulo ingqalelo kuyo uphawu ukungafi.

History of the Christmas Tree: Europe

Custom, njengokuba yena uyazazi abemi behlabathi namhlanje iphuhlise ephakathi eYurophu. Kukho nokucingela ezahlukeneyo malunga xa waqalisa imbali umthi weKrismesi. Ekuqaleni, abantu kuphela kumasebe amancinci pine okanye ngemisipres, lokusila endlwini. Ngokuthe ngcembe, kunjalo, bayitshintsha yonke amagqabi emithi.

Ngokutsho ilivo, imbali umthi weKrismesi izalana ngokusondeleyo uMartin Luther, lo wenguquko odumileyo yaseJamani. Abazula ngokuhlwa kwi Eva Christmas, wezakwalizwi iyayithanda ubuhle beenkwenkwezi ukukhanya esibhakabhakeni. Xa efika ekhaya, wafumana umthi encinane phezu kwetafile, ecaleni kwawo, esebenzisa amakhandlela. Ukuhombisa iincopho umthi UMartin wakhetha inkwenkwezi leyo sesona lowo eyanceda abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi wafumana umntwana uYesu.

Kakade ke, oku nje lamandulo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho kukhankanywa ngokusesikweni umthi weKrismesi, coinciding malunga ngexesha elifanayo. Ngokomzekelo, malunga kubhaliwe encwadini yeembali isiFrentshi for 1600 th nyaka. Le mithi yokuqala iKrismesi baba ubungakanani amancinane, ukuba zabekwa iitafile okanye eyayijinga wesilingi. Noko ke, ngenkulungwane ye-17 kwi izindlu sele imithi emikhulu. Imithi evuthulukayo, apho ngaphambili nayo yasetyenziswa ukuhombisa amakhaya phambi leeholide, yalityalwa ngokupheleleyo.

Uluhlaza ku Russia: amaxesha amandulo

Kukholelwa ukuba ngowokuqala ukuzama ukwenza lo mthi luphawu utshintsho kunyaka yajika uPetros. Enyanisweni, izizwe yamandulo Slavic kunye sinexhala ngayo izityalo coniferous, ukuba wayesele uhlobo 'umthi weKrismesi ". Imbali yokuba ookhokho bethu phakathi ebusika, abaqalise bengqungqa yaye bacule iingoma ngeenxa emthini. Injongo, kuba ngenxa yabo konke oko kwenzekileyo, yaba ukuvuseleleka kwentwasahlobo yesithixokazi ephila. Waye ukuba lokuphelisa ubukumkani Santa Claus kunye kukuphelisa kumakhamandela ice komhlaba.

Uluhlaza ku Russia: ngamaXesha Aphakathi

UPetros zama ukulungisa isiko emangalisayo ezifana umthi weKrismesi kwilizwe lethu. Imbali isixelela ukuba ukumkani waseAsiriya kuqala okubonwayo onxibe umthi endlwini abahlobo German nabo Christmas wadibana. Le mbono kwadlala indima enkulu kuye: nespruce, ezihonjiswe epha kunye neziqhamo endaweni cone zesiqhelo. UPeter Omkhulu wayalela ukuba ukubhiyozela uNyaka oMtsha bangahambi ngokwesithethe waseJamani. Noko ke, ezihlangwini zakhe, walibala lo myalelo iminyaka ezayo.

Kulo mzekelo, umbuzo ngulo: apho wenza umthi weKrismesi eRashiya? Oku ngeke kwenzeke ixesha elide, ukuba imithi wambathe ngeeholide ayikwazi angayalelwa ukuba uCatherine II. Noko ke, Conifers abalindelekanga ezihonjiswe de ngenkulungwane ye-19. Kwaba ngoko ukuba amaJamani,, wayeswele eli siko fun eRashiya, eyasekwa St. Petersburg, owokuqala ihonjiswe umthi weKrismesi.

Uluhlaza ku Russia: eSoviet Union

Ngelishwa, kwiBolsheviks weza amandla amashumi phantse ezimbini wenza sesiko lasekhaya nice mthethweni. Urhulumente waseSoviet isaziso umhombiso imithi coniferous "yoohlohlesakhe umzimba." Ukongeza, ngeli xesha kwakukho umzabalazo esebenzayo nebandla kunye zemisipres kwakujongwa enye iisimboli iKrismesi. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi Russia baloo maxesha hayi bazishiyile isiko ezintle. Kangangokuba, ukuba umthi luhlohlwe ngasese abavukeli.

Apho kuphela iziganeko akuthethi ukuphuhlisa ibali umthi weKrismesi eRashiya! Ngokufutshane, ngowe-1935 isithethe iphindile zomthetho. Oku kubangelwa Pavlu Postyshevu, "ukuba" holiday. Noko ke, abantu ngokucacile balelwa umthi obizwa "weKrismesi" kuphela "Unyaka Omtsha." Kodwa ke ngomhla wokuqala kweyoMqungu wabuyayo status Weekend.

Emthini kuqala ngeKrismesi for abantwana

Emva konyaka, emva kokubuyela ehlathini ubuhle emakhayeni abantu, wokubhiyozela holide engundoqo yonyaka, oko waququzelela umbhiyozo omkhulu-isikali, kubanjelwa House of Union. Ukususela oko yaqala ngokusesikweni imbali umthi weKrismesi kubantwana Russian; ngokuba lowo lo mthendeleko yalungiswa. Ukususela ngoko, kumaziko ezigcinwe ngokwemveli iziganeko ezifanayo kunye nokusasazwa olusisinyanzelo izipho, tsalela Santa Claus.

emthini yesicelo Christmas

Enye yeendawo owuthandayo loNyaka oMtsha uhlala kwingingqi yesicelo kubemi eMoscow iminyaka emininzi. Zonke ezinye amaRashiya musa ukulibala ukuba uvule TV ukonwabela umthi weKrismesi ngobukhulu, onxibe imbeko ukufika woNyaka oMtsha. Kuba ufakelo lokuqala ixesha zomthi coniferous, leyo ufuzisela ubomi obungunaphakade, kwi yesicelo Square kwenzeka ngo-1954.

Apho wenza ekhazimlayo

Kokuba kusetyenzwe kwimbali yimbonakalo abalinganiswa abaphambili woNyaka oMtsha, sifanele sibe nomdla, nezidanga. Umzekelo, isiko elinjalo emangalisayo, nokusetyenziswa ekhazimlayo nabo beza kuthi evela eJamani, apho wabonwa ngenkulungwane ye-17. Ngelo xesha, eyenziwe ngesiliva wokwenene, apho zakhutshwa thinly, waba "imvula" isilivere, ekuthe bababengezelela umthi weKrismesi. Ibali kweemveliso eRashiya mihla ngefoyile ye kunye PVC azaziwa ncam.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kunye ekhazimlayo leKrismesi enxulumene mqambi omhle. Kumaxesha amandulo wahlala umfazi lowo nabantwana abaninzi. Lentsapho elinesifo elifutshane imali, ngoko ke akazange avume ukusebenza kakuhle akulungise Christmas umthi uphawu azizange unadorned. Xa intsapho waya kulala, izigcawu udale umthi yesigcawu web. Oothixo ukuba avuze umama ngokuba nobubele kwabanye, wavumela web ukuba abe isilivere ezibengezelayo.

Nokuba phakathi kwenkulungwane lokugqibela kwaba kuphela ekhazimlayo yesilivere. Okwangoku, unako ukuthenga le umhombiso phantse nawuphi na umbala. Ingakumbi izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa imveliso, wenze imveliso kakhulu ixesha elide.

A amagama ambalwa malunga lokukhanyisa

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, imithi coniferous, ibingaziswa endlwini kwi uEva loNyaka oMtsha, kwagqitywa ekubeni nje ukuhombisa, kodwa kukugubungela kwakhona. Kangangexesha elide ukulungiselela ezi njongo isicelo kuphela amakhandlela ukuba ngokuthembekileyo ntsho amasebe. Iimbambano malunga ngubani kanye weza ukusebenzisa nezidanga, iye akukagqitywa. Yintoni ubalisa ibali, njani umthi weKrismesi kunye Izibane mihla?

Ithiyori iqhelekileyo kukuba kokokuqala ingcamango ngokukhanyisa ubuhle evergreen nombane va American Johnson. Esi simemo kwaziswa ngempumelelo ebomini compatriot bakhe Maurice, oyinjineli yi umsebenzi. Yaba nguye lowo kuqala wadala ngokombingeleli, baqokelela uyilo elula inani elikhulu iibhalbhu ezincinane. Uluntu kuqala wabona umthi festive zikhanyiswe ngale ndlela, eWashington.

Evolution of zokudlala Christmas

Ngaphandle izibane kunye ekhazimlayo kunzima ukucinga umthi iKrismesi. Kodwa ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuba bayeke zokudlala entle, wenza ngokulula umoya festive. Loo nto inika umdla zokudlala yokuqala iKrismesi eRashiya ezidliwayo. Ukuhombisa iisimboli Year New imifanekiso wadala yonke intlama, bujikelwe alumuniyam eliqinileyo. Le mifanekiso ukuze igolide, nesilivere, zipeyintwe ngemibala eqaqambileyo. Kwakhona waxhonywa amasebe iziqhamo, nati. Ngokuthe ngcembe, nezinye izinto ezikhoyo ziye mazisetyenziswe ekudaleni lokubhalela.

Emva kwexesha elithile, eli lizwe waqalisa elizweni iimveliso zeglasi, ikakhulu ivelisa eJamani. Kodwa glassmakers bendawo ngokukhawuleza kakuhle kubuxhakaxhaka bokuvelisa, nto leyo zokudlala eqaqambileyo zadalwa eRashiya. Ukongezelela iglasi, ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana noboya, ikhadibhodi. Eyokuqala iibhola iglasi ziyahluka awachukumise ukuya ekuqaleni iinkosi kwinkulungwane yama-20 baqalisa ukuvelisa iglasi obhityileyo.

Around ekubeni abantu bokuqala 70 kwafuneka ukulibala malunga kuyilo unique izacholo. "Balls", "icicles", iifektri "iintsimbi" zokuthutha isitampu sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe efanayo. Kwiimeko umdla kuzo kunqabile kakhulu, kwizindlu ezahlukeneyo wayixhoma le zokudlala efanayo. Ngethamsanqa, le mihla ukufumana Christmas umthi uhombiso original ngokwenene asiyo umsebenzi onzima.

A amagama ambalwa malunga inkwenkwezi

Hombisa umthi ubumnandi iholide kunye nomntwana wakho, ngubani baya kunandipha ibali apho wenza umthi weKrismesi. Ibali abantwana Russia baya kuba nomdla kakhulu xa musa ukulibala ukubaxelela ngalo inkwenkwezi. Kwi-USSR, kwagqitywa ekubeni bayeke Classic Star yaseBhetelehem, khankanya umendo kwi umntwana uYesu. enye wakhe imveliso isardiyo ebomvu afana abo zabekwa ezinde yesicelo. Maxa wambi iinkwenkwezi zakhutshwa kunye neebhalbhu.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo umfuziselo iinkwenkwezi Soviet akukho ehlabathini lonke. Kakade ke, iimveliso mihla ngenxa umhombiso eKrismesi iincopho umthi khangela kakhulu nomtsalane ngakumbi umdla.

Ngoko ngokufutshane kubonakala indlela yobomi umthi weKrismesi, imbali livela eRashiya neempawu ezaziwa holide.