Cathedral Theodore e-St Petersburg

Kudala phambi kokuba ekuqaleni mibhiyozo ezinxulumene kumanqaku ngo-1913 trohsotletiem olawulayo House of Romanov, kuyo eRashiya waqalisa amalungiselelo esi siganeko sibaluleke kangaka. E St. Petersburg, kwagqitywa ulwakhiwo yecawa sisikhumbuzo, inkangeleko yayo bobugcisa iicawa ukuzala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVII, xa itrone Russian wayelawula ephakamileyo uMikhail Fedorovich - umseki ubukhosi elilawulayo. Kungenxa kule oqingqiweyo eminyaka amathathu ukumkani Russian yaba Cathedral Theodore Icon ye nguMama kaThixo.

Cathedral Project Memorial

Ukuze izicwangciso ezo zibe ngo-1909 phantsi ukusekelwa august ye-Grand Duke nomntakwabo loMlawuli Nicholas II - uMikhail Alexandrovich - yasekwa ikomiti ekhethekileyo, nto leyo ikhokelwe ngomnye Abalawuli ezigqamileyo ngaloo minyaka, uMajor General J. D. Dashkov.

Umsebenzi wakhe neKomiti yaqala ingqalelo kweshumi eziliqela iiprojekthi zokwakha, wathumela eyinkunzi evela kwilizwe liphela. Best waqaphela umsebenzi St. Petersburg wezakhiwo S. S. Krichinskogo owadala Cathedral of St. Theodore kwi indlela iinkulungwane Lower iVolga iitempile XVI-XVII. Iprojekthi yakhe yamkelwa ukuze ziphunyezwe.

Beka kuba nekamva yokwakha

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukukhetha indawo sokwakhiwa Cathedral ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, ka Mirgorod kunye Poltava street kwaba kuhle nje. Yeyona ngenxa yesenzo ngamandla Feodorovsky Gorodetsky umphathi woonongendi, intendelezo ogama nje kuloo ndawo. Efuna ukwandisa ilizwe kwefama ephethwe, kwaye ngexesha elinye ukwakha kuyo ngeendleko zikarhulumente itempile enkulu kwaye eliphangaleleyo, umphathi wakwazi ukuba beyiseke amalungu uthumo isicombululo echanekileyo kuyo.

Kamva, ukukhetha indawo, eyakhiwa Theodore Cathedral, seyihlatywe amadlala izidwangube ezininzi, yaye, ingakumbi, eMoscow iRhuluneli-Jikelele V. F. Dzhunkovskogo esithi ukuba ibandla, ngokwembono yakhe, yakhelwe ngaphandle komzi.

Ngenkcazelo categorical enjalo kunganzima ukuba yamkelwe. Ifunyanwa kufutshane Station Nicholas kunye nobakhe kwegama elifanayo, nokuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, xa imida isixeko ayemxinwa kakhulu ngoku, isakhiwo wayesondele kwiziko yayo zembali.

Cathedral Bookmark

Nokubekwa amisiweyo yecawa kwenzeka ekuqaleni Agasti 1911 phambi kwamalungu eNdlu olawulayo kunye umphathiswa wekomiti yokwakha. Unqulo, ukuba ahambe esi siganeko sibaluleke kangaka, ayakhuthazwa elikhokelwa Ubhishophu Volynskiy Antony (Khrapovitsky).

Ngokutsho lakudala, ekupheleni umthandazo zonke iindwendwe ezihloniphekileyo kwehliswa kulo elitywinwe nezivumelwano zokubambisa iinkozo pre-walungisa. Njengoko iphephandaba kuloo minyaka, umthetheli omkhulu wanikela ngenxa sihlandlo, ngoko ukuchana zemali ukususela ukumkani wokuqala uMikhail Fedorovich.

Ekugqityweni kokwakhiwa kunye ukwahlula yecawa

Nangona ngaloo minyaka yokuqala, abangakhange wangena ukusebenzisa iingcamango ezinjalo leSoviet njenge "njengomothuko" yaye "zokwakha Komsomol", wasebenza kunjalo ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yesazela. UThixo azi - ngoMhla woMgwebo ngenxa yokungakhathali kuya kufuneka ngokungqongqo. Ngenxa yoko, ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini njengentloko engundoqo nangoku phantsi Cathedral yokwakha, waye surmounted yi emnqamlezweni. Esi siganeko, kwakunye nokubeka i yecawa kunye umthandazo amisiweyo, ababekhonza ngelo xesha eSt Petersburg Antiyokwe uBhishophu Gregory IV.

Ezaliswe Theodore kaThixo Cathedral (Saint Petersburg), nonyaka kamva, xa iintsuku ngoJanuwari 1914 phambi soMhlekazi, intsapho yakhe kunye namagosa karhulumente Phezulu behlambulula indlu yenkonzo engundoqo etempileni yayo elingentla. Xa kwadalwa kukuliphi, elo nqaku ezidweliswe Station Nicholas kunye onke amaziko kunye neenkonzo zayo. Ngelo xesha linye Cathedral of St. Theodore yaba yinxalenye kwefama Gorodetsky eMonastri, esekwe ubuqaqawuli Theodore Icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yaba le ndawo yonqulo wamnika igama lakhe.

Monument House of Romanov

Isonto, nto leyo eye yaba lesikhumbuzo kwexesha zeNdlu Romanov, kwayo yakhiwa ufakelo lwesamente ngokusekelwe ubuchwepheshe obutsha ngelo xesha. Iimali ze kwakhiwe yayo - kwesiqingatha sesigidi engange, nto leyo isixa esikhulu ngaloo mihla, yaqokelelwa ngokupheleleyo iminikelo kazwelonke ukuza kulo lonke eRashiya. Lo nguye inyaniso ngumqondo yabantu, ngokuqhelekileyo yaziwa ngokuba "ibandla Romanov."

Theodore kaThixo Cathedral - kwisakhiwo esikhulu iimitha amane anesixhenxe enesiqingatha kwaye zinezihloko zemveli uphahla Russian ezintlanu izakhiwo zetempile - yayiphelela ngaxeshanye ngaphezulu kwe emithathu iwaka isiqingatha sabantu. Ke leyo ethetha ukuba ahlale kule ndawo isithuba ayo aphakathi, yenza square metres ezimakhulu mathathu anamanci mathandathu.

Ukwakheka original udonga omelene kwenqaba, ukhumbuza nodonga yakhe imbonakalo Moscow yesicelo. Ngokutsho umbhali, obekumele ukuba abonakalisa umanyano izixeko ezikhulu Russian of St. Petersburg eMoscow - iingqukuva ezimbini Bukhosi enkulu.

Umhombiso lwefacade isonto

Njengoko kucacile evela amaxwebhu lokusinda, Cathedral Theodore Icon ye nguMama kaThixo ngaphandle kwe kugudiswa zokuhombisa zizityebi ubuchule kaMoses majolica. Ngokukodwa, ngomhla olungaphambili emantla, apho kwaphuma esitratweni wayisithelisa Mirgorodska Staritskogo ilitye elimhlophe, wagcinwa iiphaneli majolica obonisa iNtombi, ubabonisa intente yakhe phezu House olawulayo ka Romanov.

Phezu kodonga efanayo wabona Theodore Icon ye nguMama kaThixo, nemithi kunye eni yookumkani amathathu eminyaka edlulileyo. Zombini ezi ndumiso yayidlalwa indlela emihle. Dome wetempile zazenziwe ngobhedu ihonjiswe kunye, ezinqabileyo eSt Petersburg iintsuku enelanga, kwakhanya ngobuhle nodandatheko.

Cathedral Renovationists ezandleni

Emva ekuthatheni ngamandla iiBolsheviks, nangona kwipolitiki zabo lentshembenxa, uTheodore kaThixo Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) njengoko isonto, iya kuhlala isebenza kude iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu. Ukususela kwintendelezo woonongendi, endihleli ummandla ke, kwapheliswa ngo-1920, iimonki zayo - enye indela, ezine hieromonks ezintandathu ierodyakona - kwanyanzeleka ukuba bafudukele i-Alexander Nevsky Monastery, ngelo xesha wadalwa ubuzalwana emishini.

Le ndlu yecawa efanayo kakhulu de ukuvalwa yayo sele ezandleni renovators - abalandeli lweentsingiselo uqhekeko kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya, kangangexesha elithile inkxaso kwiBolsheviks. Kubulungisa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngeli xesha kweendonga zayo wenza isikolo seCawe, apho abantwana bafunda ukusuka kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwelishumi elinesihlanu.

Temple yajika yaba yobisi

Ngowe-1932, ngokomyalelo yikomiti elawulayo Leningrad City Council kunye Cathedral ka Our Lady of the Theodore wavalwa yaye indawo yayo kufakwa yokuchithwa yi yobisi ekufuphi. Ukwenza oko kukhetha ukutya ngokwasemzimbeni yokomoya, abahlali isixeko baye baphelelwa i lesikhumbuzo obalaseleyo imbali yakhe trohvekovoy.

Ukuguqula itempile kaThixo ngendlela kwishishini lokuvelisa, abasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo kunye nezibilini zayo. nabo yadilika ukuba nemihlali kanye amehlo St Petersburg nkundla. abo badala Leningradites ngokucacileyo khumbula ukuba sizenze sasisimbi isakhiwo kunye namagubu aphakame kakhulu ezinde phezu kwendlu, angxamisa zidilizwe ngo-1970, ngomhla olwandulela nondwendwelo kulindeleke ukuba umongameli iLeningrad American Richard Nixon.

amaxesha New - trends ezintsha

Kwiminyaka perestroika, xa abantu abalwa izolo ngokuchasene dope yonqulo ngequbuliso wabona ukukhanya waza waqalisa ukuba abhaptizwe kunye phambi iikhamera umabonwakude, Cathedral Theodore Icon ye nguMama kaThixo, hayi kanye mandithi, loko va okuseleyo kuwo, wabuyela iCawa. It bajamelana eninzi umsebenzi wokubuyisela wayo. Emva kwamashumi ukongamela wolawulo kubukho zetempile yangaphambili wahlala iindonga ayiphazanyiswa kuphela, ngobuqili zakhiwe ngokomakhi pre-revolution SS Krichinsky entsha ngexesha kunye eziphathekayo ixesha elide kakhulu.

Njengoko kwakunjalo kwiminyaka yokuqala ukwakhiwa itempile, kwaye ngoku ukubuyisela oko yasekwa nebhodi yee-trustee, ebandakanya abameli urhulumente omtsha wentando yesininzi.

Le savuka Cathedral

Umsebenzi yaqala ngo-2005 yaye yagqitywa kwiminyaka esibhozo. Ngu chetyrohsotletiyu Theodore Romanov House "Cathedral I kaKesare" ifumene ekuzalweni kwayo. KaYehoyakin Iintsikelelo Omkhulu iitrone ezintathu etempileni yayo ephezulu endaphathiswa Septemba 14, 2013 uMphathi eMoscow All Russia KIRILL. Phakathi ziindwendwe nembeko kuyo yi Russian nguMphathiswa Culture V. R. Medinsky, B. V. Gryzlov kunye Federation Council Somlomo V. I. Matvienko.

Okwangoku, ngaphakathi yecawa amabandla ezimbini - yasezantsi, elingcwele, eSt Alexander Nevsky kwaye lwenziwa kwi indlela iicawa Russian kwinkulungwane XIII, kwakunye phezulu, isitayile ngomoya kwenkulungwane XVII ekuqaleni - ixesha wolawulo ngolokuqala Romanov ubukhosi. Esi sigqibo wezasekhaya itempile ayikho restorers zinhle, kwaye ngokupheleleyo ihambisana nengcamango ubugcisa womzobi, iye yenziwa ngaphandle kwekhulu eyadlulayo. Theodore Cathedral (St. Petersburg) achola imbonakalo yayo yoqobo.

Isonto, babuya abantu

Emva kokuba inkonzo efanayo kwezinye iicawa Russia zonke ukubuyiselwa isebenza kwi yecawa zigqityiwe zaqhutywa. Ukongeza, apha, kunye namalungu kakhulu ebonakalayo ekuhlaleni, lwenziwe phakathi kwabantwana nabantu abadala umsebenzi omkhulu kwezemfundo yonqulo.

isikolo Open seCawe, kunye nezifundo catechetical kwabo abanqwenela ukuthatha ubhaptizo engcwele, yaye wonke ubani ofuna aqhelane unqulo wooyise. imikhosi abazibandakanya kwakhona kwenziwa ukunceda abantu abanengxaki mkhwa neziyobisi kunye notywala.