Cancer igazi: iimpawu kwabasetyhini. Iimpawu zomhlaza igazi abadala

umhlaza igazi kuchaphazela ngqo imveliso kunye nomsebenzi egazi. inkqubo elinobuhlungu kucala kwi umongo wethambo. iiseli stem kwamathambo nomongo sivuthwe nokuphuhlisa, ukufumana legazi iimpawu omnye iindidi ezintathu: iiseli ezibomvu, leukocytes okanye neeplatelets. Phambi somhlaza eliqhelekileyo Inkqubo yophuhliso cellular aphazanyiswa ngenxa yokukhula ezingalawulekiyo kwiiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Oku iiseli umhlaza, nokuthintela ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi engundoqo igazi. Ngokukodwa, badlula iindlela zokukhusela kusulelo kunye nokuthintela ukopha kakhulu.

uhlobo

Kukho iindidi ezintathu ezingundoqo ezimbi umhlaza, enxibe jikelele eyaziwa ngokuba "nomhlaza wegazi." Iimpawu (iimpawu), unyango kunye nokuvuselelwa ukuphazamiseka ezingaguquguqukiyo uhlobo nebakala izifo.

• Wegazi. Kulo sifo, iiseli umhlaza afumaneka egazini kunye bone umongo. The main phawu - zokwanda ngokukhawuleza ezingaqhelekanga iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (yeeMGM). Ukunyusa inani labo kukungakwazi ukuba ulwe usulelo, kwaye ithintela uphuhliso okuqhelekileyo iiseli ezibomvu neeplatelets.
• Lymphoma. Olu hlobo lomhlaza kuchaphazela inkqubo nkovu, leyo inoxanduva kukhuthaza ulwelo engaphezulu evela emzimbeni kunye ekuveliseni iiseli zomzimba. Lymphocyte - uhlobo iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ukuthintela ukosuleleka. lymphocyte ezingahambi akuguquki iiseli lymphoma ande yaye inokuqokelelana kwiindawo nkovu kunye nezinye kwizihlunu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza kutshabalalisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ezigula. Ngoko ke wabiza umhlaza kweeseli plasma - iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi onoxanduva ukuvelisa elilwa izifo kunye nezifo. Umhlaza kujongela amajoni omzimba, isenza buthathaka umzimba.

leukemia

Leukemia - nomhlaza wegazi-ukwakha zomzimba, kuquka lomongo wethambo kunye nenkqubo emithanjeni.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zesi sifo. Ezinye zazo aqhelekile ngakumbi ebantwaneni, enye - kubantu abadala.

Iimpawu zomhlaza igazi abadala (leukemia) yahluka ngokuxhomekeka okuninzi kwesi sifo. Noko ke, umntu uyakwazi ukubona eziliqela iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, phakathi ezibhaliswe:

• fever okanye Ukugodola;
• chronic fatigue kunye buthathaka;
• izifo rhoqo okanye kakhulu;
• ukuncipha komzimba;
• iindawo nkovu asha, isibindi eyandisiweyo okanye udakada;
• utyekelo ukopha kunye ukugruzuka;
• nokopha rhoqo;
• imbonakalo amabala abomvu eluswini (petechiae);
• anda ukubila, ingakumbi ebusuku;
• ubuhlungu bone;
• kwamathambo.

Qiniseka ukuba udibane nogqirha xa unexhala nayiphi na kwezi mpawu zingasentla.

Iimpawu leukemia badla kuswela ukucaca Okukodwa. lula Bona ngoyaba okanye zibangelwa izifo eziqhelekileyo ngakumbi - ezifana nomkhuhlane.

Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, uhlalutyo sele ukunikezelwa ngenxa uxilongo ezinye izigulo, ibonisa umhlaza igazi. Oonobangela, Iimpawu (iimpawu), unyango kunye kwisimo kwiimeko ezinjalo umlinganiswa ngamnye.

ubungozi

Kukho izinto ezandisa amathuba zokuphuhlisa iintlobo ezithile wegazi. Ziquka meko zilandelayo:

• Unyango zomhlaza olunye uhlobo. Leukemia ezingagrogrisa izigulane abanikwe ikhosi epheleleyo radio- okanye nechemotherapy.
• ukungaqheleki Genetic. nengozi wegazi asakhasayo lukhatshwa izifo zofuzo ezifana ezifana Down syndrome.
• Ukwazi iikhemikhali ezithile. A ingozi oluthile benzene, nto leyo yinxalenye zepetroli.
• Ukutshaya. Ukusetyenziswa icuba kwandisa ingozi yokuba leukemia ahlekise myeloid.
• Ileukemia sisifo a imbali yosapho. Njengoninzi esi sifo, leukemia ezinokubangelwa yimiba njengelifa.

Noko ke, asingabo bonke abantu ugula ileukemia amaqela abasemngciphekweni. Kwelinye icala, izigulane okunokwenzeka oncologists alunalo nofifi ukuba zihlaselwa somhlaza igazi. Iimpawu kwabasetyhini ziyafana kakhulu iimpawu ukusilela kwamadlala okanye izifo.

ezigula

Ezigula (kubandakanywa multiple) - nomhlaza kweeseli plasma. Iiseli kunceda ekulweni usulelo ngokwenza izilwa ingqalelo yaye zitshabalalise gazi.

Ezigula ebangela zemali iiseli ezingaqhelekanga umongo, apho ke ziye ukubuyisela iiseli esempilweni. Endaweni generate omzimba luncedo yamathumba umhlaza ukuvelisa iiproteni ezingaqhelekanga, kamva ibangela iingxaki kunye nezintso.

Ezigula ayifuni unyango esebenzayo, ukuba isigulane awehlelwa elingephi. Ukuba kukho iimpawu ezifanelekileyo, ugqirha limisele iinkqubo kunye nemithi lula ukubonakalisa iimpawu zomhlaza igazi ezi zilwanyana.

Kumanqanaba okuqala sifo iimpawu zomhlaza igazi abadala, zidla emsebenzini. Le miqathango ilandelayo kwenzeka kamva:

• ukulahleka emnyama;
• nokudinwa;
• isiyezi okanye nokudideka ngexesha kunye nendawo;
• iintlungu amathambo, ingakumbi ngasemva okanye esifubeni;
• isicaphucaphu;
• nokuqunjelwa;
• izifo rhoqo;
• komzimba;
• buthathaka okanye ndindisholo ezinyaweni;
• unxano ngokugqithiseleyo.

ubungozi

Le miqathango ilandelayo kwandisa ingozi ezigula:

• Age. Kwiimeko ezininzi isifo eso kwizigulane abaminyaka yobudala eyi-60-70.
• isini Male. Iimpawu (iimpawu) of imihlaza yegazi kwabasetyhini zenzeka ngaphantsi rhoqo kunabantu.
• Negroid. Xa abamnyama ingozi ezigula kabini ephezulu ngaphezu koko of Caucasians-kwizigulane.
• Ukubakho kwimbali uxilongo sifo "gammopathy monoclonal of umyalezo ayaziwa". Enye ekhulwini izigulane isifo iiseli plasma kamva enesifo somdlavuza igazi.

lymphoma

Lymphoma - nomhlaza kwenkqubo emithanjeni, eyenzelwe ukulwa nezifo.

Inkqubo emithanjeni kuquka iindawo nkovu (nkovu namadlala), udakada, thymus (thymus) nobubovu kunye umongo wethambo. Umhlaza kuchaphazela zonke ezi zinto, kwakunye namanye amalungu wonke umzimba.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwesi sifo, kodwa kwindawo yokuqala, yahlulelwe kwii iintlobo ezimbini:

• Lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo.
• lymphoma Non-Hodgkin kaThixo.

Unyango ixhomekeke kuhlobo nebakala somhlaza, kwakunye neminqweno yesigulana. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa radio and ichemotherapy, iziyobisi unyango kwezinto eziphilayo stem cell abohlukeneyo, nto leyo onqanda umhlaza igazi. Oonobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango sifo azimisele qho ngamnye.

lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo

Ekuqaleni le sifo ngokuba sisifo Hodgkin kaThixo. Xa olu hlobo lomhlaza bene ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga leseli kwenkqubo emithanjeni ukuba wayitwabulula ngaphaya kuyo. Njengoko esi sifo ubuchule umzimba ukuphazamiseka ukuze sikwazi ukumelana nezifo.

iindlela ezintsha loxilongo kunye nonyango lwe Hodgkin lymphomas ukunika izigulane eli themba uphethwe for recovery ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku, uqikelelo siyaqhubeka ukuphucula.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubhaqo kwangethuba kunye nonyango lwe sifo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo mpawu zilandelayo engundoqo nomhlaza wegazi (lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo):

• Elula nodes nkovu zidumbileyo entanyeni, kwekhwapha okanye bedlala.
• chronic fatigue.
• Fever okanye Ukugodola.
• Ukubila ebusuku (komzimba zasebusuku ashushu).
• Ukuncipha ubunzima ukulahleka (iipesenti ezilishumi okanye ngaphezulu kakhulu emzimbeni).
• Ukulahleka onombilini.
• Ukulunywa.
• Ukunyuka uvakalelo utywala kunye neentlungu kwiindawo nkovu emveni kokuba besele.

ubungozi

Yiyiphi kunokubangela umhlaza igazi? Zinto kwandisa umngcipheko lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo, zibandakanya ezi meko zilandelayo:

• Age. Olu hlobo lomhlaza olufunyanwa izigulane abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30, kwakunye nabo sele eneminyaka engama-55 ubudala.
• Lymphoma i imbali yosapho. Ukuba kwisizalwane esisondeleyo une lymphoma naluphi na uhlobo (zombini Hodgkin kunye non-Hodgkin kaThixo), isigulana usemngciphekweni, njengoko kusenokuba ilifa nomhlaza wegazi. Iimpawu kwabasetyhini zidla luphawulwa Okukodwa ezaneleyo kwaye uvumele isifo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Paul. Xa abantu, esi sifo kwenzeka ngokukhona kaninzi ngaphezu abafazi.
• usuleleko Previous ne Epstein-Barr yintsholongwane. Le izifo ezibangelwa Epstein-Barr virus (ezifana mononucleosis ezosulelayo), ukwandisa amathuba lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo.
• Imposiso yamajoni omzimba. Umngcipheko liphezulu xa isigulane ukuba une-HIV / AIDS okanye xa isigulane wabandezeleka abohlukeneyo, nto leyo ifuna ukusetyenziswa iyeza ukucinezela omzimba.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma xa

Xa lymphoma non-Hodgkin kaThixo, nangezilonda iphuhlisa lymphocyte - iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Esi sifo kakhulu kuxhaphake kakhulu kunokuba lymphoma Hodgkin kaThixo. Ngokutsho manani, ohlobo uqhelekileyo umhlaza igazi kuyenye yeendlela ezinkulu B-cell lymphoma (DKKL) kunye lymphoma follicular.

Ngezizathu luluvo akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukujonga nangoko umhlaza igazi. Iimpawu kakhulu kwabasetyhini njengokuba namadoda, zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukudumba elula le nodes nkovu entanyeni, kwekhwapha okanye bedlala.
• Iintlungu okanye ukudumba esiswini.
• iintlungu esifubeni, ukhohlokhohlo okanye bamba umphefumlo.
• Ukukhathala.
• iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni Ukwandiswa.
• Ukubila ebusuku (komzimba zasebusuku ashushu).
• umzimba.

ubungozi

Ezinye iimeko nga kwandisa ingozi lymphoma non-Hodgkin kaThixo. Phakathi kwabo:

• Ukuthatha amayeza zisidimaze amajoni omzimba. Amayeza yale hlobo isetyenziswa abohlukeneyo omzimba.
• Izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezithile neentsholongwane. Virus enxulumene nophuhliso lymphoma non-Hodgkin ziquka HIV kunye Epstein-Barr yintsholongwane. Phakathi amagciwane ngakumbi eyingozi Helicobacter pylori, nto leyo ebangela nezilonda esiswini kunye nezilonda duodenal.
• Ukwazi imichiza. Ezinye izinto, kuquka ezo zisetyenziselwa ukubulala izitshabalalisi kunye nokhula, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuba umhlaza yegazi. Iimpawu kwabasetyhini zidla zenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunamadoda.
• ubudala nangaphezulu. lymphoma Non-Hodgkin kaThixo zisenokuvela nanini na ubudala, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi oko banesifo kwizigulane ezindala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.

amanani eyoyikisayo

Kwi-US, lokufunyaniswa "umhlaza igazi" ibekwa malunga yonke imizuzu emithathu. Yonke imizuzu elishumi wegazi, ezigula okanye lymphoma ubulala elinye American - malunga 152 ngosuku.

Bangaphezu kwama-310.000 kwi US siphila unesifo "leukemia", phantse 731 000 ukunyanga lymphoma Hodgkin okanye lymphoma non-Hodgkin kaThixo, 89.000 nzima ezigula. Uqikelelo sisihle ngakumbi ukuba abameli ugqatso yaseYurophu.