Biography kaDali Grybauskaite. Umsebenzi wezopolitiko kunye nobomi bomntu

Omnye wezopolitiko usebenza njengephambili efanelekileyo kwi-press, ekulungele ukumba ubuncinci kwixesha elidlulileyo, nakwilinen ecocekileyo yommeli "onamandla kweli hlabathi," enethemba lokukhwabanisa okukhulu okanye ubuncinci ulwazi oluthile.

Ukuqala

Ngoku usebenza kwaye usebenzela ithuba lesibini, uMongameli weLithuania, uDalia Grybauskaitė, owaziyo ngokucacileyo kubo bonke abapolitiki bezithuba ze-post-Soviet, usandul

Wazalelwa ngo-Matshi 1, 1956 kwintsapho engabonakaliyo yaseVilnius. Izapolitiki ezizayo ziphumelele esikolweni esiphakamileyo: isatifikethi sigcwele "troikas". Mhlawumbi yimiba yokuba iikoyunivesithi kwafuneka ilinde kwaye isebenze njengabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo kwisebe labasebenzi be-philharmonic, kodwa ixesha elide kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo

I-Biography Dali Grybauskaite kwixesha leLeningrad libhekwa njengento engaqondakaliyo. Umbhalo osemthethweni uthi ekuqaleni wayemsebenzi oqhelekileyo (njengoko umongameli ukhumbule), aze adluliselwe kwi-laboratories yamachiza eyaziwayo yeSoviet "Rot Front".

Yintoni eyayibandakanyeke ngokukodwa kwinkonzo yezopolitiko ezizayo, ayiyaziwayo, kodwa umsebenzi owenziwe kwipshini wanikela ngeenzuzo ezingenakukhunjulwa: kuqala, ilungelo lokwesikhashana. Umlinganiselo wokubhalisa, owawungekho konke ovela kwiphablikhi ekude ukuya kwintombazana, kwaye okwesibini, amava asebenzayo afanelekileyo, ancedo ekuvunyelwene kwiyunivesithi ehloniphekileyo, eyayiyilunivesithi yaseLeningrad State. Zhdanov.

Imfundo:

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-biography ye-Dalia Grybauskaite ingabonakali enye kuphela: ayizange ithathe injongo kunye nokunyamezela. Ngomnyaka we-1976, ukungena kwisebe lasemini le-Faculty of Economics yaseYunivesithi yaseLeningrad State yabanjwa. Umongameli wekamva akazange ashiye umzi. Namhlanje abafundi bakubhiyozela ukugxininisa kwintando ekufundeni, ukugxininisa okuphezulu kunye nokungabikho kobomi bomntu. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kubangele ukucinga.

Emva kokugqitywa kwiyunivesiti, ngowama-1983, umfundi wejob waphindela ezweni lakubo. Ukuqhubela phambili kweziganeko kwixesha lakhe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umsebenzi wakhe wawungekho nhlobo "ekunyuseni iinqwelo ezinzima", njengoko u-Grybauskaite ngokwakhe eqinisekisa, kodwa enenzondelelo yentswela yoluntu. Kwiimemori zabantwana afunda nabo, ukhangeleka njengelungu leKomsomol elinenjongo, elinokwenene, elingenakukhutshwa kunye nelingenakunqandwa.

Amava omsebenzi

Mhlawumbi le nguqulo inelungelo lokuba khona, emva koko, emva kokubuyela eLithuania, waya emsebenzini ngaphandle kwendawo ethile, kodwa njengotitshala kwiSikolo samaPhakamileyo ePhakamileyo. Eliziko lezemfundo lipapashile abapolitiki abaninzi bobabini beSoviet kunye nexesha elizimeleyo laseLithuania. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba wayevunyelwe ekufundiseni, engabi naluphi na umgangatho wezemfundo, kodwa ekubeni ilungu leCPSU ngoku wamthiya ngokunyanisekileyo.

Ngowe-1988, ukungaqondakali okungahambi kakubi kwintetho kwakulungiswa: ukukhusela okuphumelelayo kwathweswe ngqalelo ukuba iBhunga lezeMfundo lika-Academy of Social Sciences eliqhotyoshelwe kwiKomiti ePhambili yeCPSU yavota ngokubambisana ukunika umviwa i- Ph.D.

Ngelo xesha i-Soviet Union yaqala "ukuphazamisa." Ubomi boluntu bommandla waseBaltic buye bukhula ngokukhawuleza, bufuna ukuzimela kuye kwachazwa, kodwa ngo-1991 akukho nkcazelo malunga nomzabalazo omlilo kunye nolawulo lwaseDalí Grybauskaite. Ingxelo yakhe ithi ekuqaleni kwee-1990 wayesebenza ngentshiseko kwindawo yakhe yangaphambili yomsebenzi, waza wazinza njengobhala wezenzululwazi kwi-Institute of Economics kwaye wayebonakala echaza ukuphuhliswa okukhawulezayo kweziganeko.

Ukuqala kwezopolitiko

Indlela awayekwazi ngayo ukuphika amaqabane asekuqaleni ayengaziwa (kunye nenkokeli eseleyo yakuba ngumongameli wexesha elizayo yaphoqeleka ukuba ibalekele ingqungquthela phesheya), kodwa sele ngo-1991, uDalia Grybauskaite waba yipolitiki, evakalelwa njengeentlanzi emanzini nanamhla.

Uhlobo oluthile lokuqhubela phambili lwaluyi-Study in the US: umongameli wexesha elizayo wagqiba izifundo kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown. Kulo mzuzwana, umsebenzi we-Dalia Grybauskaite uqala ngokugqithiseleyo: i-biografi igcwele izikhundla ezihloniphekileyo-ezivela kwiCandelo loMphathiswa weSebe loLwabiwo-qoqosho loLuntu ngo-1991 kuMphathiswa wezeMali ngo-2001. Ndakwazi ukusebenza njengomphathiswa ogunyazisiweyo kwi-ambassy e-States, kwaye njengendwendwe engavamile kwi-EU.

Emva kokubanjelwa kweLithuania kwi-EU, i-Grybauskaite idluliselwa kwiKhomishoni yaseYurophu, apho engaselanga ukubandakanya imfundo nenkcubeko, kodwa ngoNovemba 2004 isithuba sayo sihlanganiswe kwakhona noqoqosho: ngumkomishinala wokucwangcisa imali kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

Nks. Mongameli

Ngeli xesha, ukuthandwa kwalo kukhula ngokukhawuleza. Umpolitiki othembisayo uDalia Grybauskaitė, ogama umfanekiso obonakala ngokubonakalayo kwiphepha leempapasho ezihlukeneyo, ufumana umshicileli ococekileyo kakhulu: ufaniswa noMargaret Thatcher, kwaye ngo-2005 uye wafumana isihloko esithi "uMkomishinina waseYurophu wonyaka". Imisebenzi enkundleni yokulungiswa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwaseYurophu lufumana uhlolo olufanelekileyo.

Okwangoku, iingxaki ezinzulu ziqala ukuvela kwezoqoqosho lwaseLithuania, kunye noDalia Grybauskaite, umsebenzi wakhe wezopolitiko uphuphuma ngokupheleleyo, ugxeke ngokugqithiseleyo amagunya ezwe, ngokufanelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha amangalelwa ngokunyanzeliswayo kwezopolitiko.

Ngo-2008, uya kuba "ngumfazi wonyaka" ekhaya, oku luncedo kakhulu: unyaka ozayo uGrybauskaite usebenza kumongameli kwaye uzuze ngokuphumeleleyo kwinqanaba lokuqala, athola malunga neekota ezintathu (69.2%) yevoti. Nangona eli lirekhodi, akukho mntu owake wathola ukuthembela okunjalo ngoku.

Ubudlelwane neRashiya

Inkqubo yezopolitiko yenkokheli yangoku yeRiphablikhi enkulu yaseBaltic ingachazwa njengento enobudlova, i-Soviet ne-anti-Russian. Ukunikezela ngolwazi malunga neengcamango ezingabonakaliyo ezenziwa nguDalia Grybauskaite ebusheni bakhe, kunye nobulungu bakhe kwiKomsomol kunye neCPSU, esi sikhundla sivame ukuphakama kwi-grins.

Akukho mntu ugxeka kakhulu i-Kremlin kwaye ngokwakhe nguMongameli waseRashiya Federation, njengowesifazane waseLithuania wokuqala. Ingxelo kaGrybauskaite malunga nolawulo lukaPutin, izitatimende ezivulekileyo kwi-akhawunti ye "urhulumente wesigebengu," ukuxhaswa ngokuxhasayo kwe-Ukraine kwimpikiswano kumenza ube ngumntu ongeyantlukwano kubaphathi baseRashiya. Mhlawumbi oku yiloo nto atyala kuyo ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiindawo ezininzi ezihlaziyiweyo, kuba i-biography kaDalia Grybauskaite inika kakhulu indawo yokucinga.

Zezopolitiko ezingcolileyo

Emva kwendibano yodliwano-ndlebe kunye namajelo ngamazwe, umongameli waseLithuania wathola ukuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwiRussian Federation: ummeli weSebe laseKhaya wamcebisa ukuba "atyumbe i-foms Komsomol aze ahambe kwiinkqubo zexesha laseSoviet."

Iingxaki kwizithethe, ezihlelwe ngecala laseRussia, kwafuneka zikhombele kumongameli ukuba kuya kuba lula, kodwa ayizange isebenze eGribauskait: kwingxoxo-ndlebe eyayinikezwe ngeli xesha kwi-Air Force, yathi ayiyi kuthetha noMongameli waseRashiya de Ukulahla umgaqo-nkqubo okhuseleyo.

Ngokukhawuleza emva koko ihlazo laphuka. NgoDisemba 9, 2014 amalungu ePalamente yaseYurophu afumaneka kwiibhokisi zabo zeeposi incwadi ye-Lithuanian intatheli-ndaba uRuta Janutene, apho i-biography kaDalia Grybauskaite yangeniswa ngecala elingathandekiyo. Inguqulelo engcono yesiNgesi, isembozo esimnyama nesibomvu, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, imali ityaliwe ekunyuseni.

Ukutsho ukuba le ncwadi iyimangalisa ayithethi nantoni na: Dalia Grybauskaite, eneefoto zakhe ezizaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwi-intanethi, uxelwa ngokusebenzisana neGGB, ukungabi nantliziyo, ukunyaniseka. Ukuthandwa kobuzwe ngoku nje kubhengezwa nje "olunye udweba lwepeyinti" kwi-media "ye-Red Dale" engakhethiweyo.

Kuya kuba nzima ukuhlamba le ntlawulo kumongameli. IYurophu isoloko iphila nge-anecdote eyaziwa ngokumalunga negama elibi: "Ingaba wayebiwe into ethile, okanye ukuba into ebiwe kuyo ... kwakukho imbali emnyama apho."

Ubomi bomntu bentloko yombuso

Ukumangalelwa kokunyaniseka kunye nokunyaniseka kufinyeleleke umnqweno othile ngendlela eyaziwayo: Ubomi bomongameli buyimfihlakalo kunye nezibonakaliso ezisixhenxe: akatshatanga kwaye akazange abe ngumtshato womtshato. Abantwana balo mfazi oneminyaka engama-59 ubudala abanalo. Umshicileli ophuzi waze wazama "ukuthunga" kwi-orientation yakhe engeyendabuko ngokwesondo, apho i-politician iphika ngokukhawuleza, ibangela isantya sehlaya elibi.

Kwiqendu laseRashiya ye-intanethi, uDalia Grybauskaitė (ubomi bomntu, ipolisi yezithombe) kwakhona uba yinto yophando kunye nokucingwa okuncinci ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Akukho zikhokelo zokuthambekela kwezesini: ngokuchaseneyo, bathi unxulumene nomphathi ophezulu waseSoviet owaphula intliziyo yakhe.

Izinkumbulo zabasebenzi zangaphambili zibonisa ukuba i-Gribauskaite yintsebenziswano kwilungu lekomiti yesithili saseKomsomol: kunye naye wayebonakala 'ewanga ebhentshini' phantsi kobumnyama. Ngalo mfanekiso ongaqondakaliyo, umsebenzi udibaniswa notitshala kwiVilnius VPSS, apho kwakunzima ukufumana ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso semfundo, kunye nokukhuseleka "ngokukhawuleza" kwintsiksi ngo-1988, nokuziphatha "okungaqhelekanga" ngo-1990, xa amazwe aseBaltic afumana ukuzimela.

Imibuzo engeyiyo

Amajelo akwiyonto engabizwa ngokuthi "amandla okwesine": uMongameli waseLithuania uDalia Grybauskaitė, olwabilo lwakhe ngokuqinisekileyo unamabala amnyama, unyanzelekile ukuba aphendule imibuzo engaphethekanga: umzekelo, nguyise, uPolikarpas Gribauskas, abakhonzi be-NKVD. Ipolitiki ithi ayizange, wayesebenza njengomlilo (intombi enikezelayo yaze yathabatha isatifiketi evela kwiziko leLithuanian kwiSifundo soKhuselo kunye nokuShatshazwa).

Baya kubuza nokuba i-biography yeDali Gribausite iqulethe ulwazi oluhlazo malunga nokusebenzisana kwakhe neGGB. Ukuhlaselwa ngumshicileli, uNkosikazi kaMongameli uthi akukho-ngexesha lokufunda kunye nokusebenza eLeningrad wayengumfundi oqhelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi kumveliso.

Abapolitiki basePost-Soviet

Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, i-elite esilawulayo namhlanje ye-LSSR yangaphambili inegama elingathandabuzekiyo ngokuchasene nolawulo lolwaphulo-mthetho. Umongameli wangaphambili uBrazauskas ngumkhomanisi. Inkokheli yangoku yeSebe loMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yangaphandle, uLinas Linkevičius ngumdlali we-Komsomol. Intloko yekhomishini yonyulo, obambe isikhundla sakhe iminyaka engama-20 ubudala, uZenonas Vaigauskas - ngokubanzi, umbhali wenkcazo yokubhengeza "ngoyise wabo bonke abantu" Iosif Vissarionovich.

Ngokomgaqo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ingcamango ibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bezopolitiko: amandla akafunwa "ngokulandelelana" kodwa "ngenxa yokuba". Kwaye ukuba kukho oko kuyimfuneko ukuba ube ilungu leKomsomol eneminyaka eyi-14, okanye i-communist kwi-27 - umdlalo ufanelekile ikhandlela. Kwakhona noDalia Grybauskaite ebusheni bakhe, bekuyimimangalo enjalo kwaye ivakaliswe kwidilesi yakhe kwiminyaka yamuva.

Abaninzi banxulumanisa le nto ngokumelene neRashiya, kodwa le nto ayithethi ukuba okokuqala ukunamathela kwiingcamango zobuxoki kukuqamba amanga. Nangona kunjalo, ezo zityholo zifana naluphi na upolitiki weSoviet, onguDalia uGrybauskaite. I-biographie, intsapho-nokuba ngaba uMongameli ngokwakhe wayeyilungu elinentshiseko leKomsomol, nokuba uyise wayebambisana ne-NKVD-konke oku kuvela kwinqanaba lokujonga ubuninzi bexesha elidlulileyo lobukhomanisi lingaqiniseki, kodwa alinakwenzeka. Ii-Archives ze-KGB ezinamandla onke zigcina iimfihlo zabo ngokucophelela, kwaye ubuninzi bobuxoki obuveliswa ngumshishini wehhala banokugxotha nayiphi na inyaniso.