Anne Brontë: ibhayografi emfutshane

Anne Brontë - omnye oodade-ababhali ezintathu eNgilani, nto leyo eye yaba classic yokwenene iincwadi yeVictorian.

ebuntwaneni

beza abazali uAnne abasuka kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo yaye ubutyebi ezahlukeneyo. UYise - Patrick Brontë - wayengunyana lwabalimi abahluphekayo Irish. Akazange kuyinyamezela imeko yabo, wafundisa ukuba ukufunda, ukubhala, uze wada wenza imfundo elungileyo. Xa abantwana bakhe bazalwa, uPatrick usebenze nje yo- le Chapel Thornton.

Umama - UMaria Branwell - yaba intombi Umthengisi kwaye usoloko waphila nempumelelo. Emva kokusweleka kwabazali bakhe, wahamba wayohlala-anti wakhe Hartskhed ukumnceda sakhe sasemini esikolweni. Kwaba apho wadibana uPatrick, kwaye ngo-1812 zendela.

Anne ndingoyena mncinane kubantwana abathandathu. Yena wazalwa ngo-Januwari 1820. Konyaka emva kokuzalwa kwakhe, usapho watyelela ntlekele yokuqala - ukusuka sifo wafa Maria. Udadewabo Elizabeth weza banyamekele abagulayo, kodwa emva kokufa kwakhe ekhohlo azinikele imfundo abatshana.

Umanci uElizabhete engqongqo gqitha yaye akuzange kufuneke ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni, kunye nabantwana abadala yena wenza wayenempakamo, kodwa Anne wayemthanda yaye wamvumela ukuba ukulala egumbini lakhe.

Ngowe-1825 isifo sephepha sabulala oodade ababini nangaphezulu - uMariya and Elizabeth. Le ntlekele ke nentsapho emanyeneyo kakhulu. Bonke abantwana ndayeka ukufunda ekhaya, kuquka uyise wayo. lokudlala abantwana babo baba moorlands, nto leyo kwixesha elizayo uya kufumana indawo yabo oodade iinoveli.

ukubunjwa

Ekhaya imfundo Anne Brontë kukuba ukufunda iincwadi. owuthandayo bam imisebenzi Milton, Shakespeare, Virgil, Byron. umakazi wam wazama ukufundisa amantombazana indlu, kodwa Bakhubeka phezu kodonga. Zithanda ukuba ahlale iincwadi.

Umculo babafundisa organist ibandla. Ukuzoba - uMnu Dzhon Bredli, owayehlala elandelayo.

Xa kubudala beminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu, Anne Bronte waya kwisikolo Road Head, apho umama wayesifundisa udade wabo Charlotte. Uye wafunda khona iminyaka emibini, wafumana imbasa ngenxa yokuziphatha kakuhle, kodwa iingxaki zempilo kunye ungquzulwano kunye nabefundisi waseTshetshi wendawo kwanyanzeleka Anne ukuba abuyele endlwini yakhe.

Job umphathi

Ekubeni le ntsapho esingenamali, amantombazana kwafuneka ukuba bafune imali. Abafundileyo kodwa abafazi ihlwempu ngelo xesha isisombululo enye kuphela - ukusebenza njenge umphathi.

Ngelo elinethoba, Anne waba ithuba lokuba ukuthetha, waba umphathi usapho Ingham. Noko ke, uye wasebenza apho ixesha elide. Abafundi awo kubhuqwa kakhulu bengabangevayo, kunye nabazali Abaziqiqa kuyo. By the Christmas waloo nyaka, Anne ekhaya, wayindulula usapho Ingham.

Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi Blake Hall akubanga lilize. Zonke iziganeko kunye nenkcazelo yommandla kubonakala imisebenzi Anne Bronte.

ekhaya e Haworth, adibana umfana ogama uWilliam Ueytmen. Wayesebenza kukuliphi de 1842. Ngokutsho ubungqina Charlotte, udade wabo omncinci wayethandana uWilliam. Kwakufuneka iincoko ezinde nokuxoxa uncwadi. Noko ke, uWilliam akazange athande i Bronte omncinane phakathi kwezinye izinto, konke wathetha ngendlela lobuhlobo.

Anne Bronte, ogama imibongo kweli xesha ibonisa iimvakalelo zakhe waqalisa ukuba uchithe ixesha elingakumbi ukuyila. Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe zemibongo yanikezela mfana.

Ngowe-1840 wafumana umsebenzi kwi intsapho Robinson, apho wasebenza kangangeminyaka emihlanu. Waye nabafundi abane: abaphezulu Lidiya ubeminyaka elinesihlanu ubudala, i-Edmund omncinane - kwiminyaka esibhozo kuphela. Nge Robinsonami Enn waya Scarborough qho ngonyaka kwaye ngokwenene eli iiholide. Ukususela 1843 yasebenza umntakwabo Branwell, uziphathe imfundo Edmund.

Miss Bronte washiya emsebenzini ngenxa umzalwana wakhe, wakwazi ukuba ibingengomcimbi kunye noNkosikazi Robinson. Emva koko, yena kunye nodadewabo omdala UEmily sahamba phezu uhambo eNgilani.

indalo

Emva kokubuyela ekhaya, Anne epha ukuba isebenze. UCharlotte esiva ukuba oodade bakhe ezimbalwa imibongo elungileyo, wabacela ukuba yokupapasha ingqokelela ehlanganyelwayo yemibongo. Ukuze kungabikho mntu unako kugweba izibongo intombazana yabo nomkhethe ebemzekile awethu eyindoda.

Collection yakhululwa ngo-1846. Imibongo ziye kakuhle ezifunyenwe yi abagxeki.

Oodade yayibaleka yokusebenza okufanayo inoveli, ngamnye ngokwabo. Anne wayesebenza "Agnes Grey". Imibhalo-ngqangi nabo bathumela endlwini wokushicilela kunye eLondon.

Iinoveli Anne Emily wathabatha kokupapashwa uThomas Nyubli, kwaye imveliso uCharlotte "Mfundisi" saliwe. Noko ke, le ntombazana yayilungele le ncwadi yesibini - "Dzheyn Eyr", oko ekugqibeleni yapapashwa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba "UAgnes Grey" yaye "Wuthering Heights". Iinoveli noodade abadala emangalisayo ngakumbi yaye phantse ubuKristu ngokupheleleyo impumelelo incwadi Anne.

Ngelo xesha ke khona abafazi abaninzi romanistok awayenzayo baphambili yemisebenzi bakhe governesses. Oku kwaba kunye Anne Bronte. "Agnes Gray", nokubuyekezwa olunga kwazanga kubizwa ngokuba laudatory, yenye yeencwadi ezininzi ingathi yimimangaliso.

Nantsi ke inoveli yesibini yi Bronte omncinane zaqhutywa. Saqhubeka ezithengiswayo 1848. Uhlelo lokuqala wathengisa ngexesha irekhodi.

Kubo bonke oodade iinoveli abagxeki ebizwa ngokuba umsebenzi ilungileyo Anne Bronte. "Umqeshi of Wildfell Hall", nto leyo izimvo nje yimincili, nokuba kuthelekiswa imisebenzi esiyibona uCharles Dickens.

Ukugula nokufa

Ngowe-1848, le ntsapho Bronte ubunzima iilahleko ezinkulu. Eyokuqala yaba umzalwana Branwell, abafa ngenxa yomoya progressive. Emva koko ke Emily, ngubani avume ukwamkela naluphi na uncedo lwezonyango. Wafa sephepha.

Ukufa dade wakhe amthandayo Anne zibethe zempilo. Emva Christmas, koko wehla ngumkhuhlane, baza bafika ugqirha isifo efanayo isifo sephepha. Isibini iinyanga emva kokuba unyango waziva bhetele wabona ukuba makaye e Scarborough, kufutshane elwandle.

Ukukhatshwa yi Charlotte. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ishokoxekile kakhulu into amahlwempu. Anne Brontë wafa May 28, 1849. Wayengekho nokuba emashumi mathathu ezelwe.

inani

Anne Bronte, apho iincwadi kuba ekuqokelelweni segolide uncwadi IsiNgesi, onguvulindlela elolu hlobo. Yaba umbhali lokuqala owadala kwinoveli ezilwela amalungelo.