Amehlo izixhobo ezincedisayo: isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza

Iliso yenye amalungu ezingundoqo nemizwa. Lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimbono yabantu ehlabathini. Imisebenzi emininzi umzimba womntu kakhulu. Amehlo ukubamba ukukhanya, oko sibhekiswe kwiiseli ezibuthathaka. Umntu ingakuqonda umbala kunye nomfanekiso omnyama nomhlophe, ukubona izinto umthamo kwi imigama ezahlukeneyo. Umbutho emehlweni i twin kwaye ibekwe phambi fossa cranial. Oku singqongwe isixhobo abangabancedani iso.

Ubume retina

Iqokobhe engaphakathi inamacandelo amabini: bakhulise elikhulu phambi asezantsi. Le yokugqibela idibanisa isebe raduzhkovy kunye ciliary. Inxalenye olubonakalayo ibandakanya ummandla lwangaphakathi ebala luvo. Kule yokugqibela apho malunga 10 iimaleko iiseli. Bangena ngaphakathi yeqokobhe kunye zokutyhomfa ngohlobo kwizinti kunye cone. Ngenxa kubo mntu Uyabubona imisebe imini kunye ngorhatya. Ezinye iiseli zemithambo-luvo kudlala indima bridging. axons zabo umqadi kokuxhuma, asakhulayo ukusuka iqokobhe.

Isixhobo abangabancedani iso: nokwakheka

Eli sebe luquka izinto eziliqela ukwenza iqela lemisebenzi ebalulekileyo. из: Isixhobo abangabancedani iso iquka:

1. Namashiya.
2. Century.
3. isebe Lacrimal.
4. Izihlunu.
5. Conjunctiva.

imisebenzi

. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqaphele zikhusela izixhobo abangabancedani iso. Inika ukuxovwa phambi kobuso, andingowasemzimbeni, inqandwa yiyo kukoma. Ukongeza, eli sebe kunceda ukususa amasuntswana amazwe. входит разрушение бактерий, которые попадают на поверхность органа. Emehlweni imisebenzi isithuthi abangabancedani iquka ukutshatyalaliswa iintsholongwane oya kufikelela kumphezulu umzimba. Candelo kunegalelo ukususwa kwezinto leyo lasekwa ngo uxinezeleko kunye nengxabano luvo. Baya kunye iinyembezi.

imisipha

Indoda isakhiwo eyodwa iliso. – отдел, без которого нормальная работа органа была бы невозможна. Iyunithi oluncediswayo - isebe ngaphandle apho ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo umzimba bekuya kuba nzima. Okubaluleke kakhulu kukuba le musculature. Aphula ezikhuselekileyo 4 ngqo (medial, osecaleni, ezantsi, phezulu), 2 elibhalwe ngokumileyo izihlunu (ezisezantsi neziphezulu). Phantse bonke kuphuma ubunzulu usikrobana iliso, ukuqala khonkcweni imicu. Le Okungumahluko umsipha esezantsi elibhalwe ngokumileyo. Ngokuyinxenye Imicu yosuka kungqameko lwamehlo (phezulu) msantsa. Ukususela imicu ye zivela ring kwezihlunu, ngokubonelela kwekhulu nekhuthazayo. Le elime kule komzila ifayibha tye. It iphela Ebubanzini kwinkulungwane. Rectus wayalela ngasezindongeni kwezisekelo iliso. Bona elise emacaleni luvo. Ngaphambi ikhweyitha, kumgama 5-8 mm ukusuka kongqameko izihlunu inwebu ngomva usebenzisa imisipha ezimfutshane zayinxalenye sclera. Rectus yokubolekisana apile ngeenxa nezamazembe phambana omnye komnye. Lendlela asekhohlo nasekunene kwaye nkqo phezulu phantsi tye. umsipha lateral ujika ngapandle apile, medial - medially ngokuphathelele iasi eme nkqo. In inxalenye ephezulu lokuqala ukhandwa aponeurosis. Uninzi besusa zakhe zayinxalenye sclera. Abanye babo baye phambili ngaphandle. Emva koko, ke zigxunyekwe eludongeni lateral. Imicu ezisezantsi neziphezulu ngqo zinika ukujikeleza malunga iasi enqamlezileyo apple. Eyokuqala inxaxheba intshukumo phantsi kwaye medially, owesibini - up kunye knnaruzhi kancinane.

Ukuba nedolo ingalo esentlango, ephuma umsesane tendinous eliphezulu. Ihlala mmandla verhnemedialnoy orbit. Kufuphi icala kudlula imicu imingxuma ibe lobufazi lwamalunga setyhula imicu obhityileyo camera. Isebenza ngokusebenzisa ibhloko ukuba uhlobo umsesane amelwe intlala ezinezikhondo. imicu Further kuphambuka noko nasemva ngaphandle. Watyhutyha phantsi kwemisipha ephezulu ngqo, oko Iqinisekile ukuba superolateral ziingceba apile kumgama omalunga nama-18 mm ukusuka ngohlangothi inwebu. imicu ephezulu ROOTN zibonelela ukujikeleza mfi ezantsi. ingalo Lower esusela Ngaphezulu kwemihlathi lwamehlo ezikufutshane lokuvula nasolacrimal duct. Okulandelayo, uthunyelwa ngaphandle nangasemva, luqhubeke phakathi imicu ngqo kunye neziseko eludongeni. ingalo esisigxina phezu osecaleni emva ikhweyitha. Inika apile Jikelezisa mfi phezulu. работают согласованно. Iliso kwemisipha izakhiwo isixhobo oluncediswayo ukusebenza ekonsathini. Ngale ndlela bangenisa intshukumo yolunye yasekhohlo kunye nelungelo apile.

ifascia

Iliso socket, iphi na apile, ofulelwe periosteum. Kule ndawo eliphezulu abana kunye optic emisele ngayo zidibana kunye laseDura. Apple ezingqonge lobufazi okanye philisi Tenon kaThixo. It edibene sclera. I ekhoyo phakathi lobufazi kunye kumphezulu apile noqhoqhoqho ekuthiwa Tenon (episcleral) isithuba. Phezu elingasemva kwisisu yokuqala engaphandle zidibana kunye lo luvo optic, yaye kufanelekile ukuba coving ngaphambili conjunctival. Esebenzisa lobufazi ke luvo kunye nempahla yegazi, imicu imisipha oculomotor. emzileni Front kunye neziqulatho alo ngokuyinxenye kuhlawulwa yi-hlulo. Iqala ukusuka periosteum ye ekupheleni ephezulu nesezantsi kwaye iqhotyoshelwe kwinkulungwane intlala. Kule ndawo yembombo engaphakathi iliso inxibelelene elo lungu medial.

umzimba fat

Va periosteum kunye apile kwilungu lobufazi, ngeenxa imicu oculomotor nemithambo optic kulele ijwabu abekwe. Ibizwa ngokuba umzimba ngamanqatha. It igcwale ibhulorho nokuqina. umzimba Fat owenza umsebenzi wamaxabiso. Inxalenye encinci oko ngaphandle cone kwakhiwa isakhiwo apile kwezihlunu. Kuyinto omelene eludongeni kwezisekelo iliso. Uninzi somzimba ngaphakathi cone, engqongwe yi-luvo.

Neenkophe

Zahlula-hlulwe eliphezulu nengasezantsi. представляют собой кожные складки, пролегающие спереди яблока. Ezi zithinteli amehlo izixhobo oluncediswayo na nezibaya yesikhumba yandisa apile ngaphambili. Neenkophe liyisibekele evela phezulu ngezantsi. Xa lokuvala kuyo ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo apile. Xa yobudala open-mbini zikarhulumente kuphela slot ezinqamlezayo. Emacaleni osecaleni medial of ingenamthungo yakhe mfutshane - spikes. Bona bakha iikona iliso. Kule ndawo ye commissure medial phambi induli encinci. Ibizwa ziicaruncle usentlungwini. Around oko nechibi. Izibilini ukusuka myastsa nkqo esibayeni encinane conjunctival - semilunar. Kucingwa kwinkulungwane lesithathu intsalela (blink), ekhoyo lomqolo. Kwi cala libhabhayo ye ijwabu ezisezantsi neziphezulu izibophelelo, kufutshane engile medial ngaphandle ukusuka chibi inokubonwa unyuko - papilla. On top kukho umnyango - ekuqalekeni zizelwe. Kummandla ngohlangothi iliso socket iinkophe likriwa ndobuyela izigqubuthelo zonke iindawo ezikufutshane ebusweni. Ngelo umda kunye ebunzi kuphuma transversely wayalela mqengqeleki umphezulu lakhe ligutyungelwe iinwele. Le ishiya. Khaxa phambi kobuso iinkophe. Igqumeke na isikhumba esibhityileyo, nto leyo iya kakhulu ukubila kunye kwamadlala sebaceous. Inxalenye diff ijongene yeso. It has a imilo phakathi kwaye kuhlawulwa conjunctiva. , фактически защищается веками. Konke omelwe ukwenziwa izixhobo abangabancedani iso loyiswa ikhuselwe kangangeenkulungwane.

plate nokuqina

Le ise Ebubanzini iinkophe eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Ngu mninzi wayo ipleyiti nokuqina iyafana intlala. Le yindlela esiwaphawula ngayo ngaphambili nangasemva imiphezulu kwakunye emancamini-2 - free and Orbital. Umphezulu emva kwipleyiti edidekile ngokuqinileyo kunye conjunctiva. Oku kukhokelela olugudileyo zokugqibela entsimini. Umphambili ngenkulungwane intlala edibene imicu izihlunu setyhula nge kwizicwili. Ukususela iindawo ephezulu nesezantsi ukuya eludongeni medial le ngomva kunye cipande kummango ubabonisa inyanda iyonke. Inkxaso-Huy lacrimal. Towards udonga osecaleni kwegama elifanayo kufuneka iqelana.

cala libhabhayo

Kuyinto kuphela ukuba iindawo ngaphambili nangesemva kwinkulungwane. Orbital edge isabelo kwi komzila zabo ezinzileyo nge Imicu kwezihlunu le intlala ezisezantsi neziphezulu. Le Imicu yokugqibela eziqhotyoshelwe kumphezulu embilwini. Bona apha esihlunwini, enika nokuphakamisa ijwabu eliphezulu. Ingalo esezantsi liqhagamshelene rectus apile ahambelanayo. Olubotshelelwe ku ngohlangothi intlala eponymous. Ifunyanwa ekupheleni simahla kweenwele - isiliya.

glands

Kufutshane imingxuma wavula angasemva cala libhabhayo. Bona iingongoma yokuphuma kwamadlala sebaceous. iindawo zawo zokuqala ibekwe ngaphakathi plate intlala. In amadlala ephezulu ijwabu sebaceous ngaphezu emazantsi (30-40 vs 20-30). , следует также отметить, что на свободном крае между ресницами присутствуют отверстия, открывающие протоки потовых желез. Ukuqwalasela isakhiwo iliso, isixhobo abangabancedani iso, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba cala libhabhayo phakathi imivumbo kukho emingxunyeni vula imibhobho unamadlala ukubila.

conjunctiva

Ukuncedisa zixhobo vee ezikhethekileyo. Bona luyasekwa nokutshintshwa conjunctiva kunye iinkophe ephezulu nesezantsi kwi iapile. Ngoko, ke, Azigubungele inxenye ngaphambili kunabela ukuya limbus kwenwebu. Zaya khonkcweni linye yokuwela yaqalwa ngo sclera. Onke amabala esentlango, ephuma apile ngaphambili kwaye yanciphisa conjunctiva kuthiwa ibhegi. Eyisongile ngamehlo ivaliwe, yaye xa uvula - umyalezo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo lwangaphandle. Xa angaphakathi kulala kwidlala eyodwa conjunctival.

ezimbi

. Kukho izifo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo abangabancedani iso. Bonke ifuna isifo olunzulu kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo. отдел органа, нарушение его работы скажется на состоянии зрения. Ngenxa yokuba izixhobo ze iliso - umbutho ezizalwa yesebe, kophulwa yomsebenzi wakhe kuchaphazela imo umbono. Xa iimpawu yokuqala kufuneka ubone nangoko yincutshe.

blepharitis

), как выше было сказано, включены веки. Izixhobo iso (abangabancedani) njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngentla zifakwe iinkophe. Xa ukudumba ezinemiphetho ndine blepharitis. I-umyalezo we sifo zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Blepharitis, ingakumbi, kungaba ngenxa hypovitaminosis, anaemia, zintwala helminthic, ukuphazamiseka emathunjini njalo njalo. Njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ngezifo sifo ezivelileyo inkqubo lacrimal, conjunctivitis esinganyangekiyo, ukungakhuseleki umsi, uthuli. Blepharitis ingaba sisilonda, enamaxolo, ilula kwaye njalo njalo. Treatment emiselwe ngugqirha. Kunyanzelekile ukuba ukugcina iimeko yococeko indlela yobomi kunye nomsebenzi. Xa blepharitis elula elawulwa-1% nesisombululo akrelekrele eziluhlaza okanye 1% mercury amafutha ebengezelayo. Xa isifo wenze le iliso isicelo ngaphambili urhangqo ukusuka fish oil okanye ioli. Xa zoxilongo esimbaxa isebenza ngexesha autohaemotherapy, ukuyifundisa.

dacryocystitis

особенно уязвим у новорожденных. izixhobo Auxiliary iso abasengozini sosana. Amaninzi kwiintsana une dacryocystitis. Kukukrala kwi sac lacrimal. Dacryocystitis sivakala abadala. Kulo mzekelo, oku kudla ezondeleyo. Ngumba na ukudumba em- ngeempumlo, sinuses paranasal, amathambo ukuze zingqonge ebhegini. Ezi nkqubo kubangela ukulibaziseka kunye nokukhula iintsholongwane eziyingozi. Neonates dacryocystitis ezinxulumene ulondolozo intsholongwane ifilimu equka inxalenye esezantsi ye bile nasolacrimal. Uthomalaliso iindlela yotyando. Xa ezimbi etsolo ngexesha antiinflammatories amisiweyo. operation lwenziwa emva kwezithandani kweenkqubo arhabaxa.

conjunctivitis

ukhuseleko Eye - kowona msebenzi eyenza izixhobo iso. отдел постоянно подвергается внешнему воздействию. isebe ezixhasayo rhoqo baboniswa zizothuso zangaphandle. Conjunctivitis - enye ezimbi zixhaphakileyo welungu olubonakalayo. Kukukrala esingxobeni nokuqina. conjunctivitis Adenoviral ngokusasaza ngamathana. Pathology senzeka manqaphanqapha ngokohlobo noqhambuko bhubhane. Kaninzi kwenzeka amaqela abantwana. Qala leengxaki yangoku ahlekise. Phambi izilonda eye ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka isifo yomoya, ifiva, ukwanda iindawo nkovu prootic. Conjunctivitis ihamba photophobia, lacrimation, ububomvu kunye ekweneni iinkophe, hyperemia. Kudla kukho zoboya okanye ifilimu. Last bekubona, ngokuqhelekileyo ebantwaneni.

Isigaba yayiyazi

agents Causative zezifo staphylo-, streptococci, gono-, pneumococci, eletha ka Goch-Iiveki, njalo njalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ekuphuhliseni umonakalo zithe zadala i conjunctiva. Chance kwakhona self-usuleleko. Njengoko zangaphambili ezivelileyo overcooling okanye nobushushu lomzimba, microtraumas conjunctiva. Esi sifo sibangelwa inegciwane tubercle, emunca, isasazeka ngezandla ezimdaka kunye nezinto ezingcolisekileyo. Ehlotyeni, ngokufuthi qwele ngulo bhubhane kumazwe kwimozulu eshushu.

indlela ezingapheliyo

Oku kubangelwa nokurhawuzela elide le conjunctiva. Izifo uba ezingapheliyo, ukuba umzimba bajikelezwe ukuba ukujonga, ezingcolisa imichiza, umsi, uthuli njalo njalo Le imiqathango abe ivithamin izivuka, ukuphazamiseka pathways iimpazamo zokunganyangeki, izilonda sizingise impumlo lacrimal.. conjunctivitis Chronic kubonakaliswa ngokutshiswa, imvakalelo lesanti emehlweni, ukuba bomvu, ukudumba ezolileyo. Kukho kwakhona ekubhobhozeni mucopurulent oluncinane. Xa unyango kweemeko ikakhulu evumayo nesempilweni. Nya zonke izinto ezimbi ezingabangela ngezifo. Njengomgaqo, wamisela arhente zendawo ngohlobo kuncipha. Oku kunokuba, umz, 025-033% isisombululo zinc sulphate, epinephrine kunye dikainom longeziweyo. Ukuba kukho okubi, eyabelwe-30% isisombululo sodium sulfatsil, 10% solution sulfapiridazina sodium ne-0.3% p-p sintomitsina.