I-Battle of Stalingrad. Nxaxheba ekulweni; uluhlu lwe imbali kunye umdla facts

Emva ngokoyiswa amajoni amaNazi kufuphi inyathelo qhinga iMoscow ikhutshelwa ngokupheleleyo oluBomvu Army. Noko ke, ngo-1942, ilindele loyiso ekhawulezayo, iSoviet High Umyalelo wakhupha umyalelo kwi lohlaselo kuwo onke amanqanaba. Ngaphandle ukulungiselela ngenyameko kunye wemvula loovimba oko kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho inani ukoyiswa kakhulu eSoviet Union ekuqaleni kuka-1942. inzuzo Military iye yalahleka. Emacaleni sasilungiselela amadabi ezintsha. Enye kwidabi yaba Idabi Stalingrad. Abathathi-nxaxheba kule nkampu, iye apho, ebizwa ngokuthi "isihogo emhlabeni".

Ukubaluleka qhinga Stalingrad

Ababhali-mbali abaninzi abanengqondo Koloni sokuthandabuza ukuziphendulela mzi. Ayekholelwa ukuba akhe wokhuselo esidityaniswe igama inkokeli otshatsheleyo eSoviet Union kwaye ezo enamabhongo ezo oozwilakhe ababini, omnye kubo babefuna ukumbamba le dolophu ibizwa ngegama inkokeli lotshaba, kwaye yokugqibela wancama yonke amandla ukunqanda oko. Kodwa Idabi Stalingrad, iinkumbulo nxaxheba nako omane olu lwazi kwakubaluleke kakhulu qhinga. Lo mba kukuba amabutho bemikhosi Second World War akazange adlale indima ngaphandle oovimba namasimi ioli. Kuphela lizwe ukuba uHitler waba eRomania. Kodwa imithombo yayo ngokucacileyo akonelanga. Germany uye wazama ukuba bambambe eYiputa neoli-isityebi Middle East. Army Group "Afrika", apho likhokelwa edume Rommel wadalwa ngenxa yale njongo. Inani oko, Kakade ke, ezincinane, kodwa ufana iingalo imikhosi yaseBritani, ayabavulela amaJamani kulawo masimu. zokuma Italian, ngethamsanqa ilizwe lethu kunye nembali yeoli e Libya alufumanekanga. Mhlawumbi ibali yaba imeko ezahlukeneyo, kodwa, njengoko siyazi, ukuba akukho mood esimo. Ngenxa yoko, isigqibo kuphela esichanekileyo umyalelo yaseJamani nabasuka eMoscow kunye kuthinjwe Stalingrad, leyo wavula indlela eya eCaucasus kunye nasemaphandleni ayo ioli esisityebi. Ukongeza, izinto ezifanayo ebalulekileyo umfula zothutho eSoviet Union. ESiberia, ngeli xesha i-oyile okwangoku acatshulwe, ngoko ke ilahleko eCaucasus imipu ngokupheleleyo sethu impi. Ngoko ke, kwakukho omnye amadabi lalawo kwimbali yabantu - Idabi Stalingrad. Abathathi-nxaxheba ze ekulweni ezi kakuhle kakhulu babenolwazi ngokubaluleka njengesikhundla. Ngenxa yoko, ukuzincama kunye ubuqhawe amajoni Soviet.

Ngomhla obandulela yedabi

Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso neemeko ehlotyeni nasekwindla ka-1942, ikomkhulu ePhakamileyo kunye neKomiti yoKhuselo State ubunye. Yalelani Shaposhnikov baphikelela sisuswa qhinga, badlula amanye amacandelo esi kudweliso avanyisa. oovimba Key kufuneka babekwe kwicala esembindini ukwenzela ukuba kube lula loqhagamshelo kummandla wacela ngaphambili ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano noololiwe. Esi sicwangciso ngokusekelwe ukongama ukuthuthwa USSR. Uthungelwano kaloliwe kwi kummandla elawulwa amaJamani rhoqo baboniswa ngabom. Kwakungekho amathuba utshintsho elibukhali kwicala efuthe. Ukongeza, amajoni amaNazi akazange abe ngaphambili yesibini yaye ingqalelo ngasempumalanga zonke loovimba ezikhoyo.

Ufelwe ngo 1942

Yalelani S. K. Timoshenko walatha imfuneko ugwayimbo preemptive South-Western kunye amanye Southern. Kwintlanganiso kunye Stalin, kwagqitywa ukuhlasela kummandla kumzantsi eKharkov kunye eCrimea.

Kodwa kokuhlaselwa Soviet aziphumelelanga, koko, i-German 11 Army ngoMeyi lasungula counteroffensive ulwalathiso Kerch ngokoqobo lawutyumza ngaphambili iCrimea. Abantu abaseleyo asuswa lo zwe. Akuzange kube yimpumelelo kwaye uhlaselo kule ndawo eKharkov. phambi ezimbini ezinkulu ekupheleni kukaMeyi uhlaselwa ngaphambili nangesemva kwaye nganeno ngaseludinini ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. moya German esilawulwa ngokupheleleyo emoyeni. Imeko kweli lizwe zimbi kakhulu.

Umgomo main - Caucasus

Kuye kwacaca ukuba amajoni Wehrmacht baya kwakha phezu impumelelo batyhobozele eCaucasus nakwioli nge Stalingrad. Lona inani umyalelo 41, nto leyo ibonisa imfuno bakhutshelwa ngaphandle eSoviet Union eziliqela kwiinkalo zoqoqosho lwezolimo e-Ukraine neengingqi ioli eCaucasus.

NgoJuni, imikhosi abaseleyo miba mibini baqalisa siphumele ukwenzela ukuthintela ezisongela imvelo nokutshatyalaliswa. Ngoku omabini sasilungiselela iimfazwe isigqibo eCaucasus and Stalingrad. Ngelo xesha, Supreme Bet wakhupha uthotho bamisa ingacaci kwaye kakuhle exoxwe mbali abaninzi. Ukuze № 227 "Akukho namnye nyathelo emva" kunye ummiselo phezu ngokusekwa ithathele setyala. Kubulungisa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba yokugqibela sikhona kakade umkhosi waseJamani, waza wenza kakuhle ngokulwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba edala bobabo Stalin, njengoko bekusithiwa mbali ezininzi Western.

iimpazamo yamacebo

ubunkokheli German, bakunanzile impumelelo kwelasezantsi, wenza miscalculation qhinga. AmaNazi eziphambili mandla umxhelo yaphosa neCaucasus kunye Stalingrad yayabelwe enye kuphela 6 yomkhosi Jikelele von Paulus. Ukongeza, iqela yayi vezelwe ukothuka Tank Brigade kwaye waphoswa eCaucasus. AmaJamani wayengalindelanga ukuba babone emva amadabi ngempumelelo kule ndawo baphikisana kakhulu Russian. Kodwa ke ekubaleni eethenda Verkhovna - focus oovimba eninzi ukuze ngokukhawuleza ukudlulisela icala olifunayo - azahlulele. Idabi Stalingrad yaqala. Nxaxheba impi sinexhala sakucinga ukuba isiphelo sobomi bakhe. Masikhumbule thina.

Abathathi-nxaxheba ye-Battle of Stalingrad. uluhlu ngabo

Ngenxa ubuzaza kunye nexesha lo usebenze kanzima, imikhosi eziliqela inxaxheba kulo, itanki neyantlukwano emoyeni. Kakade ke, asiyi kuba nako lokubhengeza kwinqaku elifutshane abo akubona ngamehlo yakowazo zeendondo yoyikekayo ngokuba Idabi Stalingrad. Abathathi-nxaxheba kweli dabi soze ilityalwe ukukhunjulwa ngezizukulwana. Simela nje ezimbalwa amaqhawe awileyo screwdriver. Siya konwaba xa nayiphi na abantwana baya kubona izalamane zabo adumileyo:

Agarkov Paul Dem'yanovich;

Vorobev Mihail Dmitrievich;

Kolesnichenko Andrey Aleksandrovich;

Smyslov Aleksey Maksimovich.

Ezi kunye nezinye nxaxheba Idabi Stalingrad, ufile okanye uyaphila uya kusoloko namaqhawe kwilizwe lethu.

"Ngaphandle iVolga akukho ilizwe elo"

Agasti 23, 1942 amaJamani ngobudlongodlongo zaphoswa zibhubhisa umzi. Bayikhanda zonke imipu. Iziko mveliso enamandla amanxuwa. Dvuhsotdnevnaya waqalisa ukuziphendulela mzi. AmaJamani waqonda miscalculation yakhe waziphosa ukusekelwa Paulus amandla ngonaphakade entsha. Kodwa kakhulu emva kwexesha. abathetheli Soviet kunye namajoni eziqhelekileyo ndafunga ukuba nantoni na kwaba ukukhusela umzi. Ukuphumelela idabi kwakuthetha uloyiso yonke kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Second. Kakade ke, ekupheleni kwaba sekunjalo ixesha elininzi, bafa, uloyiso ezinkulu laloyisa ikudika. Kodwa ngokoyiswa imikhosi ezinkulu German na apha ukunika engqondweni nqanaba kweli phulo lonke. Ngoko ke akukho ngozi i-US kunye abezopolitiko British nokuba kukhutshwa iimbasa eyi izatifikethi, elingcwele kwesi siganeko.

Heroes ziya elikhunjulwa ngonaphakade

Enzima Battle of Stalingrad yayikukuba yonke abantu Soviet. Amagama-nxaxheba, esilishumayelayo kweli nqaku. Ragusa Sergei Alexandrovich, wazalwa ngo-1922. Ngo Stalingrad I ndingumthetheli zazithi- udaka. Yena wawongwa Stalin uyisayine enkosi "Kuba isibindi lobuqu obungummangaliso." elisebenzisa lakhe wayeka ndamelwa itanki enamandla. Commander ngokwakhe ndandijongene omnye kubo ubuso ngobuso, kodwa baqhubeka intloko yakhe, yaphosa inomfana Molotov cocktails. Itanki uqhuma emlilweni. Kulo ukuhlasela, webutho Raguzova wabatshabalalisa 4 umatshini enzima, eziliqela kweshumi Marine. Total ngo-10 kwiitanki. Ezinye iilahleko afunyenwe emva iqhele.

Tula Ivan Antipovich

ukufa kwawa amaqhawe enesibindi amaqela amaninzi Battle of Stalingrad. ESoviet Union, naseRashiya mihla zange ulibele amaqhawe ayo. Ndifuna ukuba ukhumbule Tulyakova Ivan Antipovich - othile imfazwe owabulawa ngexesha bewela iVolga. KwiNqaku yakhe yakutshanje Ivan Antipovich wabhala wathi: "Kulunge ngakumbi ukuba abe ngumfazi, unina, umntwana hero ngakumbi ukufa kum osindileyo lavaka." Ke ngoko ndacinga zonke abavikeli mzi.

Churanov UViktor Vasilevich

nxaxheba Child of Stalingrad dabi kukhunjulwa enye hero kule mihla - Churanova Victor Vasilievich. Ilungu woMbutho of Moscow, woKhuselo of Stalingrad, ukuba kuthinjwe Warsaw bawongwa iimbasa ezimbini "Kuba Courage". Njengoko itanki umqhubi-oomatshini, yena ngokungenankathalo imoto yakhe elutshabeni, zingawucongi ubomi. crew idubule phantsi moya eziliqela German kufuphi eMoscow Stalingrad. Enye abasindileyo abambalwa imihla eyoyikekayo zemfazwe ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ngomhla wokugqibela.

Shelyvanov Vasiliy Andreevich

Battery nxamnye Vasily baseJamani baphosa oomatshini-18. Defenders, ebonisa ubuqhawe wadibana fascists enamandla umlilo zokudubula, ngokubulala iimoto-4, ngakumbi abambalwa ihlaselwe, kodwa lweMedia. AmaJamani akazange alindele abanjalo, lweMedia.

Nalu uluhlu buso zabalinganiswa thaca kweli nqaku. Ngelishwa, amaxhoba kule mfazwe ukoyikeka abaninzi. Siza Andiyi kulilibala amagama abo.