Amazwe aseNyakatho Afrika: iAlgeria. Amaminerali, indawo zemvelo, imilambo emikhulu

Ziziphi iimpawu zendalo kweli lizwe laseMntla yaseMerika? Uphi iAlgeria? Amaminerali, imilambo emikhulu, uhlobo loxolo - konke oku kuya kuqwalaselwa kulo nqaku. Ukongezelela, uya kufunda ngeenqaku ezisixhenxe ezimangalisayo ezenza eli lizwe liyingqayizivele, ngokungafani nabanye.

Umntla Afrika: Algeria

Emazweni aseNyakatho Afrika, ngokwemiqathango ye-UN, kukho izihlandlo ezisixhenxe. Phakathi kwabo, iAlgeria yilizwe elikhulu kunazo zonke "kwilizwekazi elimnyama". Inxalenye enkulu yemimandla yayo iyinkqantosi engenakuphiliswa kwintlango yaseSahara. Ngasemantla, ilizwe linemveliso enkulu eMeditera. Inkunzi yombuso ngumzi wegama elifanayo - iAlgeria.

Ngokomgaqo-siseko, ilizwe liyiRiphabhlikhi, amandla ahlukeneyo phakathi komongameli kunye nepalamente. Nangona kunjalo, ngumongameli onamandla amaninzi, emva koko, unelungelo lokutyumba enye yesithathu yokwakhiwa kweSeneti (enye yezindlu ezimbini zepalamente).

Ulwahlulo lolawulo lwaseAlgeria lunomdla kakhulu. Ilizwe lihlukaniswe ngama-48 okuthiwa yi-vilayets. Kwaye imimandla esezantsi inkulu kunendawo kwimimandla ekumntla. Ngoko, umzekelo, kwintsimi ye-Adrar vilayet ingakwazi ukuhlala lula ubuncinane ubuncinane ezimbini kwii-vilayets ezikumantla zelizwe.

Ziziphi izinto eziphambili zeAlgeria? Oku kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kwicandelo elilandelayo le nqaku.

Isakhiwo se-Geological and relief

Kulo lizwe zakhiwo ezimbini zendawo:

• I-Platform yaseSahara (i-Precambrian);
• I-Atlas ezalisiweyo (eyenziwe ngexesha lezakhiwo zentaba e-alpine).

Ezinye zeendawo zangaphakathi zelizwe ziphantsi kwinqanaba elwandle. Le ngenye yezinto ezinomdla ezenziwa yiAlgeria. Izimbiwa zichithwe kulo mbuso, idiphozithi zazo zihambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwi-geological structure yendawo enikwe.

Phantse i-80% yommandla welizwe uhlala kwiSahara - inkulu inkunkuma kwiplanethi. Iimpawu zokhuseleko lwaseAlgeria zichaneke kakhulu: phantse yonke inxalenye ephathekayo yelizwe iqukethe i-stony ehlukeneyo kunye ne-sandy massifs (izigijimi). Engxenyeni esempuma-mpuma ye-Sahara Desert, iya kudlula kwii-Ahaggar Highlands, apho iindawo eziphakamileyo zelizwe-iNtaba yeThahat (ukuphakama kwee-2906 metres). Kwinqanaba elingasenyakatho yeAlgeria lithatha iintaba zeentaba - i-Tel atlas kunye ne-Atlas yase-Sahara. Bahlukaniswe ngephondo eliphakamileyo, banqunywe ngokukhawuleza ngamanqatha aphantsi kunye namaphandle amahle.

Njengamanye amazwe aseNyakatho Afrika, iAlgeria inokufikelela ngokubanzi kwiMeditera. Ubude obude bomda wonxweme kweli lizwe likumitha eyi-1000.

I-Algeria: amaminerali kunye neendawo zabo zokugcina

Ngokwezibonelelo eziqhelekileyo zokuvelisa izinto ezimbiweyo, ilizwe lingafakwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiintlanu eziphezulu ezihamba phambili zaseAfrika. Ummandla waseAlgeria ucebile kwiiminerali ezifana neoli kunye negesi, i-phosphorites, i-iron ore, i-manganese, i- mercury, i-lead kunye ne-zinc. Ilahle le-Bitumen ichithwe kwizithili zaseBeshar ne-Xixu.

Iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zeoli kunye negesi ziseHassi-Rmel, Hassi-Mesaud, Egel, Berkin, naseLelili. Ukuhlaziywa kwamafutha eAlgeria kuqikelelwa yiingcali kwiibharri ezili-12 zezigidi.

Uqoqosho lwaseAlgeria kwiintlobo ezininzi zybletsya kwingeniso evela kwi-export of its energy resources. Emva kokuwa kwexabiso leoli lehlabathi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente uye wabhekana neengxaki ezininzi kwicebo loqoqosho. Ngaloo ndlela, ngo-2015, iinkokheli zelizwe zanquma ukwandisa i-oyile kunye nemveliso yegesi.

Iimpawu zemozulu

Imozulu yaseAlgeria ihluke kakhulu kwimimandla yasentla kunye nenyakatho yelizwe. Ngoko, ngasenyakatho luhlobo oluthile lwaseMedithera, kwaye phakathi kunye naseningizimu yintlango ye-tropical.

Ubusika base-algeria buhluke kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kwindawo. Kulo lonxweme kubushushu, kunye nemvula eninzi. Ukushisa komoya apha ngoJanuwari kaninzi kufinyelela + 12 ... + 15 degrees. Kwiintaba kupholile, ebusika kubakho iinqumlezo zekhephu. Ihlobo laseAlgeria litshisa kakhulu kwaye lome, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni ummandla. E-Sahara, i-amplitudes yokushisa kwama-temperatures ingafikelela kuma-degree angama-20!

Kwinqanaba lokuhlanjululwa kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseAlgeria, kwakhona, kukho ukungafani okubalulekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwimimandla yonxweme yaseSahara, kuphela i-20-50 millimeters of rainfall ewela ngonyaka, nakwii-Atlas Mountains - ukuya ku-1000-1200 millimeters.

Imithombo yamanzi kwelizwe

Phantse yonke imilambo emikhulu yaseAlgeria inesimo sokumisa okwesikhashana imilambo, egcwalisa ngamanzi kuphela ngexesha lemvula. Abahlali basekhaya bawabiza ngokuba yi-vedami. Imifula yasemntla yelizwe, ephuma kwiintaba, ininzi kakhulu. Kodwa phakathi kunye naseningizimu yonke imifula yamanzi, ngokusemthethweni, "ilahlekile" kwimida engenamkhawulo yeSahara.

Ininzi yamachibi ase-algeria nawo ahlala esomayo. Kule meko, izitya zabo zingabhekiswa ngetyuwa eninzi. Lapho amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba aphezu komhlaba, i-oases yenziwe.

Umlambo omkhulu eNigeria - uSheliff - unokude ubude beekhilomitha ezingama-700. Indlela ekhangeleka ngayo, unokubona kwisithombe esingezantsi.

Umlambo uvela ezintabeni ze-Atlas yaseSahara, uwela i-Tile plateau kwaye ithwale amanzi ayo anodaka eLwandle lweMeditera. Kwiindawo ezisezantsi, u-Sheliff ugeleza emgodini onzulu kunye nomhle. Emlanjeni kunemizi emikhulu yaseAlgeria - Ash-Sheliff, Ayn-Defla, Hemis-Milyana. Kwintlambo yomlambo we-Sheliff, ezolimo zikhula ngokukhawuleza, ikotoni, iidiliya kunye neziqhamo ze-citrus zikhulile apha.

Imifuno kunye nezilwanyana zaseAlgeria

IJografi yaseAlgeria ayikho nje ukukhululeka, izityela, imozulu kunye nezinto zamanzi. Kubalulekile ukutadisha naziphi na ilizwe i-flora kunye nezilwane.

Imimandla yemvelo yaseAlgeria ihluke kakhulu. Iindawo eziselunxwemeni zeli lizwe, kunye nemithambeka esenyakatho ye-Atlas zihlala kwindawo ehlala eluhlaza kunye namahlumela. Le mimandla ithola inani elaneleyo lokunyameka nokushisa. Ngoko ke, apha apha ininzi yabemi beli lizwe ligxininiswe.

Kwintshona yeAlgeria, amahlathi amatye kunye ne-oki yokhuni ikhula kunye nokudibanisa kwepine, imisedare kunye nomjunipha. Ziqulethe iibhokhwe zasendle, iinqwelomba, kunye nezilwanyana ezingaphandle kwezilwanyana - ii-macaques.

Kwiindawo ezisemzantsi nephambili zeendawo zemvelo zaseAlgeria zihluke ngokupheleleyo. Le mimandla ihlala kwindawo eshushu esentlango. Umhlaba wezityalo apha, ngokuqinisekileyo, uhlwempuzeke kakhulu kwaye umelwe yi-solyanka engaqhelekanga kunye ne-ephemerals. E-Sahara, unokudibana nesilwanyana esiyingozi, kunye nezinye izilwanyana-hyena, i-jackal, i-gazelle, i-antelope. Kwiintlango zaseAlgeria, amaninzi amancinci amancinci, inyoka kunye neentaka zenyama, ama-scorpions kunye ne-phalanges ziyafumaneka.

Ubuhle bezobugcisa kunye nezokhenketho zelizwe

Enye yezinto eziphambili ze-algeria yi-Mediterranean Sea! Kukulungele ukuyihlobisa iindwendwe zayo ezitratweni zenye yeedolophu zamandulo zaselunxwemeni yelizwe.

Abakhenkethi baseAlgeria maba tyelele iTatilin-Adzher Plateau, ebonakalayo engavamile. Ngomncedisi we "mozulu" uhlobo lwakhiwe apha iikholomu kunye namatye omhle omangalisayo. Ku-Plateau yaseTassilin-Adzher yokuba umkhola omkhulu wehlabathi ukhona, kwiindonga apho umntu angakubona imifanekiso engabonakaliyo yabantu bokuqala.

Enye into eyaziwayo yendalo yemvelo eAlgeria iyimvelaphi kaHammam Meskutin. Amanzi kuwo ahlutha ukuya kuma-degrees Celsius angama-98. Abahlali bendawo baqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unako ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo nasiphi na isifo somntu.

Ipaki kazwelonke enomdla "iGureya", ehlala enyakatho yelizwe, kufuphi nedolophu yaseSidi Tuathi. Kwiminyaka yama-80, yafakwa kwiluhlu lwe-UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. Isiko lendawo ekhuselekile yintaba ephambukayo yeGurey, kwiintlambo ezihlala kubameli bezilwanyana ezinobungozi beezilwanyana - i-mahogany.

Iinkcubeko zeAlgeria

Inkcubeko yaseAlgeria isekelwe kwimimandla yenkcubeko yaseArabhu, eyongezwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngeempembelelo zaseTurkey naseFransi. Uninzi lwabantu beli lizwe lithetha isiArabhu (okanye kunoko, ngolwimi lwase-algeria). Kwiidolophu ezinkulu, abahlali bayazi kakuhle isiFrentshi.

Ubuninzi beendawo zaseAlgeria zibiza ngokuba ngamaSilamsi, ubuKristu buyinto efanayo, kunye nobuYuda.

Abalobi beendawo kunye neebongozi babhala ngeelwimi ezintathu - isiArabhu, isiFrentshi kunye neKyle. Iincwadi zaqala ukuphuhlisa eAlgeria ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 leminyaka. Impembelelo yale ntuthuko yayiyinqwenelo yama-algeriya ekuzimela. Kwababhali banamhlanje kufuneka baqaphele i-novelist Yasmina Khadra, eneencwadana ezikhethiweyo kwi-Dublin Literary Prize.

7 amaqiniso amangalisayo ngelizwe

Ekugqibeleni, sibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezisixhenxe ezingenakunqwenelekayo malunga neli lizwe:

• Ama-algeriya ayithandi ukufotshwa. Xa bebona ikhamera, bavame ukujika ngokukhawuleza.
• Kwimangcwaba apha angabhali umhla wokufa, kunye negama lomfi.
• I-Algeria yiyona kuphela ilizwe e-Afrika apho umfazi engacalucaluli kwaye engacindezelwa.
• Leli lizwe elincinci ngokukhethekileyo kwiqondo lemozulu. Ngoko, ehlotyeni umoya unokufudumala ukuya kwi-+50 degrees, kwaye ikhephu lasebusika lidla ngokuwa kwezinye iidolophu.
• Impembelelo yeNtshona (ngokukodwa iMelika) kwinkcubeko yaseAlgeria incinci kakhulu. Apha awukwazi ukuthenga iidola ngokukhululekile, kwizixeko ongazihlangabeza ngokuqhelekileyo "McDonald's", kunye neCoca-Cola ayithandwa kakhulu.
• Kuli lizwe kukho ithala elizele inkino yemvelo, ongayibhala.
• I-metro yesixeko saseAlgeria yenzelwe kwaye yakhiwa ngabachwepheshe beSoviet.

Ekugqibeleni

Ngoku uyazi ukuba iAlgeria ehlukile. Amaminerali ayenziweyo apha apha yintsimbi kunye ne-manganese ore, igesi yendalo, i-phosphorites. Umhlaba we-algeria ucebile "kwidilesi ezimnyama".

Iimpawu zokhuseleko lwaseAlgeria zichanekileyo. Ngoko, malunga ne-80% yommandla ohlala eSahara. Ngasenyakatho iya kudlulela kwiintaba zeAtlas. Kodwa emxholweni oselunxwemeni (ngasemva kweentaba) ikhaya elingaphezulu kwe-90% yabemi baseAlgeria.