Amanzi foot: indlela kuyingozi?

Bambalwa balindele trick evela njengecochlea. Amaninzi asetyenziswa ukunyanga kancinci phantsi kwezi izilwanyana ezingaqhelekanga. Ungubani na ke, ezi iinkumba? Kwaye ingaba amanzi foot kunokuba kube yingozi?

igama

UMnenke - ummeli ngezilwanyana. Lingcwaba lomfo uhlobo silwanyana, udidi Gastropoda okanye neegastropods. igama Gastropoda Latin amiliswe kumazwi amabini kwisiGrike sentengo apho - i "isisu 'yaye' unyawo". Igama Russian lesi silwanyana - "wink" - a iingcambu Slavonic. Oku lwamaqabane kunye Isichazi "vuphukuphuku." Kubonakala ukuba lonke igama iboniswe omnye iimpawu silwanyana. Latin ingqalelo indlela intshukumo, kwaye ulwimi Russian kuyagxininiswa indlu ezibuhlazarha, ophezu ngasemva isilwanyana.

Isakhiwo eqhelekileyo

UMnenke - esiveza gastropod, iye lwangaphandle kunye nomzimba. Yintoni ayimangalisi kukuba umzimba ngaxeshanye wenza imisebenzi intshukumo nesisu. Ngaphezu yokuba anda ekhethekileyo, ekuthiwa ingubo. Le ize phakathi imentile kunye umzimba uvuleke ibizwa yokwaleka. Ngaphakathi yinto ugwebu siphon, bekuza emanzini, mpilo kunye yokuveza elizenzekelayo ngenxa yokubulala ulwelo inkunkuma. Njengoko unokuthelekelela, oku kusebenza kwabo iinkumba ezihlala emanzini. Ukuba isilwanyana isiwe, lweHo- ingubo i lung likumgangatho endaweni iigilizi.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo malunga neentlobo

Kwindalo, neegastropods kakhulu lukhulu. Izazinzulu ziye ibhalwe ngaphezulu kwama-110 lamawaka. Species. Bonke bephela yahlulwe ngamaqela 3 eziphambili:

• eziphilayo zaselwandle;
• iintlobo amanzi;
• iinkumba komhlaba.

Enyanisweni, ukwahlulwa nga kuncitshiswa zibe kumculo neefom nezengekho miphungeni. Kodwa siza kuzama ukufumana sihlolisise luhlobo olunye kuphela. Kuyinto njengenkumba amanzi.

iinkumba yamanzi emvula: Ingozi

Ababulali ezimbi emhlabeni Akukho ezinkulu ezizingelayo, kunye iinkumba ezincinane engenabungozi. Nangona zombini kubizwa ngokuba silwanyana ongenabubi, engunobangela wokufa malunga 10,000 ngonyaka ngamnye? Asinto kukubaxwa. Ukuba unomdla, yintoni eziyingozi iinkumba amatsha? Njani isilwanyana ayinayo amazinyo ezibukhali neenzipho elide, ukubulala umntu? Makhe ndikucacisele.

Yonke imihla nasemanzini aphilileyo ufumana isixa esikhulu lwenkunkuma, kuquka izilwanyana kunye nenkunkuma yabantu. Ubunzima amanzi anodaka lisanda amakhalane. iinkumba Body amanzi ukulungisa gazi obungabonakaliyo ye sodidi Schistosoma, leyo ezosulela abantu.

obulale angenawo foot ibangela yesifo esibi, leyo kuthiwa schistosomiasis. Inani elikhulu kwezi maphalo ukungena ulusu kwaye uqale ukwanda kwabo. Ngokutsho yokuhlela ngamazwe, schistosomiasis - yesibini (emva seengcongconi) lwezifo yimvula ehlabathini. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi, kuphela kwilizwekazi laseAfrika schistosomiasis abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi 207 abagulayo, kodwa kuphela abo ucele uncedo. Ngokutsho manani,-25% abantu abachaphazelekayo bafe.

Ingaba bangenwe njani

Amanzi foot zibulala abantu, babuchaphazela amanzi schistosome kwindawo. Kungenxa emizimbeni yabo Imibungu na isigaba sokuqala kophuhliso. Umjikelo wobomi Schistosome yi kunokuba nzima. Abantu ahlambe, ahlambe, usele amanzi avela amachibi uyosuleleka, kwaye maxa wambi nje batsho ukuthi bawele. Xa iinkumba amanzi afumaneka sequmrhu wambeka sporocysts apho siqalisa flukes. Baya kuphuma emzimbeni njengenkumba kwaye zizihambela emanzini, ezendeleyo isikhumba yabantu egazini. Ngokuba iinqanawa ezinkulu emithanjeni flukes bafudukela kungena vein Portal okanye isinye.

Ngexesha yokufuduka lweentshulube benza kwakhona ukutshintsha, baba ziimpethu abadala, amadoda namabhinqa. Ukwakheka ekhethekileyo isakhiwo schistosome iproteni yenza ukuba kube nzima okanye ayibonakali kumajoni omzimba womntu. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba iDorper irhorho amanani engakholelekiyo. An omzimba kwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba abantu nesawo yamitha, babeka amaqanda. Emva kokuba wamathumbu okanye isinyi amaqanda ukuba zizakuwela umva kokusingqongileyo. Amaqanda ukusuka ukubuyisela amanzi umzimba mbambela. Kwaye ngoko ke nkumba amanzi aphinde abulale, iqhubheka yomjikelo schistosomes.

Tsikariya elalana waya ulusu kuphuhliso abantu abaqolileyo ekwaziyo yokuzala, kuthatha malunga 65 iintsuku. Imazi mkhulu eyindoda. Ikhule ukusuka mm-7 ukuya ku-20. Schistosomes baphile iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwi-30, ukuvelisa ngelo xesha izigidi amaqanda.

Amanzi foot, kulinyathelo kuyimfuneko umjikelo wobomi schistosomes, eyayixhaphakile amanzi Afrika, kuMbindi and East Ekude, Umzantsi Melika kunye Philippines.

Wazi njani ukuba kukho usulelo

Iimpawu schistosomiasis ziyingozi kuba bengengabo ngoko nangoko, kwaye xa umzimba oluhlala isixa esikhulu amaqanda izimfimfithi-gazi. Ekuqaleni, emva kokutyelela iindawo eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukuba sinikele ingqalelo ububomvu kunye kwinwebu ulusu adibane ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo.

Emva kweenyanga 1-2 emva ohlaselo lokuqala kuvela iimpawu. Bona ingavezwa bomkhuhlane likarhulumente, kuthibaza, ukukhohlela, kunye bomzimba kwezihlunu. Kodwa ke uninzi iimpawu eziphambili eyosulelekileyo akangeniswanga ngayo. Luyayiqonda into yokuba begula, kodwa xa ukuphuhlisa schistosomiasis ezigulo ezondeleyo. Iimpawu zesi sifo zezi:

• walunywa obukhulu;
• ascites, okt ukudumba;
• sorhudo igazi;
• ubuhlungu xa uchama, igazi nomchamo;
• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• ukukhohlela;
• iyangongoza, iintlungu esifubeni;
• ekukhubazekeni buso okanye epheleleyo;
• abagula ngengqondo.

Examination, iimvavanyo, unyango

Ukuba emva kokubuya kwakhe neeholide okanye iihambo ishishini kumazwe apho schistosomiasis olugqugqisileyo, umntu uqala ukuba isifo engaqhelekanga, kuyimfuneko ukuba umntu onjalo parasitologist okanye izifo ezosulelayo. Ingakumbi xa ngexesha uhlolo ezinika abantu basekuhlaleni wadibana amanzi emilanjeni okanye amachibi. Kulo ichibi, apho noqebeyi amanzi njengesiqhelo, kungekhona ngokuyimfuneko ukuze ukuqubha. Kwanele ukuba ahlale elwandle, iinyawo emanzini phantsi, okanye ngokusisigxina yehlisa ingalo yakhe emanzini ngexesha excursion ukukhwela inqanawe.

Iimpawu schistosomiasis ziyafana nezinye izifo ezosulelayo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba kudlula ezinye endleni kunye nomchamo. iimvavanyo zegazi (PCR) lubonise ingxaki kuphela sesihambe zesi sifo, ekubeni omzimba lungenzeki ngoko nangoko.

Kwiimeko kakhulu, ungafuna i colonoscopy, cystoscopy okanye biopsy. Ultrasound, X-reyi, MRI kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zinokusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ngomlinganiselo yongcoliseko.

Njengoko unyango ubekwa lolwamkelo esikolweni "Praziquantel". Umthamo libalwa ngokusekelwe ubunzima kwisigulana, ubude yokwamkela emiselwe ngugqirha. Nokukhuthaza ifuthe zinokudityaniswa kunye ulungiselelo "Artesunate".

Emva unyango, isigulane kufuneka ufumane idinga neemvavanyo endleni kunye nomchamo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinambuzane ayabulawa.

iinkumba yamanzi emvula. nomzingeli Helena

Kukho iintlobo-ntlobo iinkumba yamanzi abahlala emanzini evulekileyo, kunye akwariyam amatsha. Enye iintlobo - indlovu Helena. Le ubuhle yingozi ohlala mpuma Asia. It has a imbonakalo eliqaqambileyo kwaye mhle yaye uyakwazi ukutya neegastropods ezincinane.

Sink Helena Zazihonjiswe ngemivumbo umahluko ezimnyama kunye yegolide evuthiweyo. Intloko side lembaza ezifana nkawu. Helena umzimba nezinala, oko igutyungelwe amawaka ngamachaphaza abamnyama. Nature linike le irhamncwa ukukhuselwa ngokukhethekileyo yingozi nembasa. Kwiimeko eziyingozi, noqebeyi ivale yokungena ukuya kumgxobhozo robust "umnyango".

Yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe Helena kugcinwa njengoko iinkumba amanzi Aquarium. Banceda ukunciphisa isixa lisiza, tadpoles, izilwanyana kunye nezinye iintlobo noqebeyi.

foot nombala

Ezi mbambela amanzi baziwa Neritina usapho. Qho kwi ezinezinga esemazantsi. Zifumaneka emanzini of Japan, Thailand, kwiiPhilippines, China kunye Indonesia. Yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe uncamela namachweba ezilulwalwa okanye ezantsi uyisanti.

UMnenke abe lungakhuseleki ngokohlobo kweziqu ezibukhali. Iimpondo uzokoyikisa ezizingelayo, ezama ukuba ubambe njengenkumba.

amaqokobhe Umbala iqulathe ndimfuduka mbini umbala. Omnye wabo olulubhelu, enye - emnyama. abahlala ezincinane eqaqambileyo badla uzibhaqa abanini-akwariyam amatsha. Bona Icoca ulwelwe kwemfuneko ukusuka amanzi, imihombiso kunye iindondo. yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe nombala uyavana nabanye abemi akwariyam, ngaphandle, mhlawumbi, kuphela nkumba Helena.

ampulyarii laba

ampulyarii yamanzi emvula ezifunyanwa eMzantsi Melika kunye Asia okugcina amanzi. Oku ezintle squid multi-bala kunye ezibukhali ezine Body Mthovu. Umbala ampulyarii ngokumangalisayo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ku yonke intsapho izilwanyana apho kukho ubuncinane iintlobo 120, nganye eneyazo umbala yalo. umzimba mollusc ungaba kuze ku-7 cm ubude. Phakathi awohluke lohlobo ziquka ubukho iimpumlo kunye nemiphunga. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba iintlobo ehlala emanzini anganzulwanga. Ampulyarii babe inkqubo ekhethekileyo, yade ukuba ukuphefumla umoya esesibhakabhakeni, nkqu emanzini.

Ampulyarii efana namanzi ashushu (ukuya kwi-28 C °) kwaye fastidious kakhulu yesondlo. Ukuba ilingane lweso kunye nemifuno, kunye ukutya intlanzi kunye iingceba yeentlanzi. Ukuba amanzi itanki kuyabanda, ampulyarii kulala ke phantsi ukulala ngokuvala iqokobhe isiciko.

Aquarists uyakuthanda kule ntsapho kuba oko ukugcina ucoceko kwisitya. Ampulyarii ukhethe sahlala emazantsi amasuntswana ukutya kwakunye nezityalo efile.

Melania usebe-

Olu hlobo of neegastropods rasprastranen lonke Afrika kwaye endaweni ebanzi kakhulu. Kwindalo, ithanda amanzi encinane uzeka kamnandi. Kodwa Melanie uthanda ezantsi enamatye, ithanda intlabathi uneentlenga okanye komqamelo. Isiseko yomxhesho iinkumba - isiqingatha-wabola iintsalela asezantsi ulwelwe nezinto eziphilayo. Sink Melania side imilo icebiso elibukhali. Din umbala yahluka ukusuka omnyama ekukhanyeni brown.

Enyanisweni nayiphi na foot ifoto amatsha-manzi nawe uya kufumana, uya kukhangela entle nomtsalane. Noko ke, asimele silibale ukuba ezi squid ziyingozi enkulu. Ukuba umnini-akwariyam ufuna ukuba isilwanyana esinjalo, othanda yona kwamanye intlanzi, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Kungakhathaliseki nokuba weyele iinkumba ngokwabo okanye bathenga kubo kwivenkile yezilwanyana, zonke molluscs ziya kugcinwa yedwa. iinkumba yamanzi emvula zibekwa kwi itanki engenanto (ngaphandle ulwelwe kunye nezinye nabemi) ize ibe 4 kangangeeveki isisombululo ezibuthathaka potassium permanganate. Ngoko ke isilwanyana zohlanjwa ngamanzi acocekileyo, yaye kuphela emva kokuba le nkqubo avunyelwe aquarium jikelele. Nangona, khumbula, noqebeyi amatsha kuyingozi ukuba umntu ukubamba kumanzi yendalo ayikho pet enqwenelekayo. Kutheni esichengeni ingozi yokosulelwa schistosomiasis na?