"Amanqaku ugqirha oselula" Bulgakov MA - tula nomxholo yokuziphatha

MA Bulgakov yaqala xa wayeselapho iminyaka 15 ukubhala - 17, mhlawumbi, ukuba akazange abhale kakuhle kakhulu, kodwa ngaphakathi wakwazi uthi: "Mna umbhali okanye nabani na." Ngoko ekugqibeleni yenzeka. Noko ke, phakathi umbhali oneminyaka eli-17 ubudala kwaye ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezaziwa iincwadi Russian enye station eliphakathi - Yonyango Faculty of the University of Kiev. MA Bulgakov wangena khona ngenxa yezizathu zemali - izalamane zakhe, oogqirha uhola kakuhle. Mhlawumbi ebengekamazi ukuba iyeza iya kuba njengesikhundla kuncwadi ngenxa yakhe. Ngaphandle yezonyango kungabikho wobugcisa okuqala - isebenza "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula."

MA Bulgakov - semvelaphi

Zonke zokuvota kweli lizwe ithi: "Kuyasivuyisa," xa kufikwa "Mfundisi noMargarita". umfundi ngamnye ibona umsebenzi wakhe ukuba athi ukuba ballad malunga inkosi - incwadi yakhe ayithandayo. Umbhali ngehlazo eSoviet laba impahla kwinginginya - ingozi. Kodwa loo nto "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula" Bulgakov na, Ndiyabulela kuThixo, nangenxa yokubona aya kukubona isihlwele efihliweyo, nokuhlala kwabo ngokwenene siqonde iprozi ka Bulgakov.

Zonke ezo ngxaki, uncedo ndabanekelwa kwinoveli engundoqo ye ezakudala Soviet, sele ingeniswe kwi imisebenzi yakhe ngaphambili. MA Bulgakov le ndoda semvelaphi eSoviet kusoloko iimpawu abanomdla obungenakutshatyalaliswa ngabaya: ngokungazi, uthando tape ebomvu, bephethwe lungcangcazelo nokuthi servility kwabasemagunyeni, phambi kwayo, nangona i "umfanekiso eliqaqambileyo" okubi "abantu, bonke abantu kakhulu" "strastishek" - uthando imali, neziyolo inkanuko, ukusela. Zonke weendawo "intlungu" ezakudala Russian elizayo thile ziye zanikezelwa kuthotho amabali amafutshane, "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula."

Yintoni uphawula?

Ukuba sithethe malunga yingqokelela yamabali "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula", isishwankathelo kubo azezi ncazelo amabali inxenye yokwenene kwaye ngokuyinxenye yasungulwa kunye nomxholo esisinyanzelo yokuziphatha. Ukuba okwenzeka MA Bulgakov, xa wayesebenza njengesifundiswa jikelele kwidolophana Nikolskoye, ummandla ESmolensk. Waza wahlala khona apho into ethile malunga nonyaka.

"Le ngetawuli lakhala"

Amabali ukuba yinxalenye yomjikelo "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula" Bulgakov, vula kwimeko intombazana eselula, ogama imilenze singaqondanga yaphelela Mälk. Ngomlenze omnye ezantsi kwedolo ndasala ndedwa "amadlavu", lo gama enye yayonakele kakubi. Ugqirha nangoku akanamava, ukuba nje wafika kwisikhululo umsebenzi. Nakuba sikwimo bothukile, ngokukhawuleza ugqiba ukuba nquma umlenze, ukusuka apho iintsalela kancinane. Emva kwexesha elithile (iinyanga ezimbini) intombazana ukubonga ozisa ngetawuli ngumqhagi.

"Ubhaptizo ngokuvula"

Elinye icala kagqirha abaselula xa eze kuye njengomfazi ozalayo, waye wafumana iziqhamo njengoko kufuneka. Xa ugqirha kwakhona aphakuzele, yena Lisuka nje ukufunda ezinye iincwadi zonyango, iintyilalwazi, awukwazi ukufumana nantoni na kubo kuyimfuneko yaye iluncedo, flings zibe-ofisi kwikona afunde abazalisikazi. Ekugqibeleni, wenza ngempumelelo utyando ukuze eziwisa umbungu. Emva koko, nje xa kwalo, emva kwethuba wathatha incwadi lulele kwikona egumbini, waza waqalisa ukufunda, kubonakala ukuba kukho ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kwaye kuyimfuneko ngokwenyani. Mhlawumbi ziyahlekisa "into" umjikelo yamabali "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula" Bulgakov.

"Emqaleni Steel kaThixo"

Kweli bali, umbhali phantsi umlilo ufumana belali nokubhala, akazange avumele ixesha elide ukwenza ugqirha intombazana ububi isifo somqala omhlophe, uqhoqhoqho. Ngoko ke abantu bacinga ukuba ugqirha - wemilingo, waza wabeka intombazana endaweni emqaleni ngentsimbi yakhe.

"Blizzard"

Kwi isiganeko unelishwa: umfazi ukubetha intloko yakhe, waqalisa ukopha wamvusa ugqirha oselula walala phantsi, wathi akaba nako ukumelana ngaphandle kwayo. Yena kuthwala sleigh, waya kufika abagulayo ekhaya, kodwa ukuyigcina abasileleyo. Emva koko, ngaphandle siyathingaza owesibini, wahamba ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kodwa isiphango yawa ... indawo apha ebalini unikezelwa kumzabalazo ochasene izinto, kodwa ke ugqirha nangoku ufumana ekhaya.

"Ubumnyama Egyptian"

Xa intliziyo kwisiqwenga ibali kwakhona malunga yokungazi kwabantu. Ngomhla wokuzalwa uGqirha Miller weza kuye, njengoko kanti, abagulayo yimalariya. Ugqirha uyichaza umkhwinini, i-Miller, ingafuni ukufakwa nezo unyango, kukhutshwa kanye zonke iipakethi 10 kuba bhetele. Lakhe kusindiswa. Funny kabuhlungu ngexesha elifanayo into yokuba etafileni ugqirha asebenza festive ngelithi ukuba asingabo bonke abantu belali ezi akafundanga, makangazi.

isihloko sawo, umz ithi akukho imnyama nto ngaphandle kwemeko, kwaye nkqu i "ubumnyama umYiputa" nayo ayinakuze ithelekiswe.

"Missing Eye"

Kweli bali, lo mjikelo "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula" Bulgakov ugqirha kuqala bayazithanda izifundo ezifundiweyo yaye ngenye unxiba bezigwagwisa, kodwa ke ubomi kwakhona emvalela endaweni yakhe. Ugqirha kuza isigulane liphela kunye kumiswa wasemzini esweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zange baphumelele. Kwaye ke kukho ithumba (yaye nguye) ngokwayo iyapheliswa. Ke ugqirha oselula ngokunika isibhambathiso singaze uku ngobukhulu zabo kunye wasentsomini 'onamava'. Eneneni, kungenxa yobu intsingiselo ephambili imfundiso yebali.

"Ufunga ezikhanyayo"

ibali wokugqibela kumjikelo kwakhona azinikele umxholo izigulane ngokungazi. Kugqirha, waya kuloo mntu, ngubani "wabeka phantsi emqaleni wakhe." Ke ukuba une negcushuwa, kwaye wacinga ukuba yintlekisa kwaye ukuba umkhuhlane. Awonwabanga ugqirha, uya kude. Kwandule ke kufike lo mfazi, wathi eneenyembezi, ukuba indoda yakhe kwincwadi lombwele sisifo esibi. Lwavavanya engamfumani nto ekugqibeleni. Kubonakala ukuba kwezo ndawo obuqatseleyo yokwenene syphilitic "isibetho". Amaninzi, abaninzi kulo, kodwa nayiphi na wayengafuni ukuba ngayo. Lo msebenzi ebekwa "Amanqaku ugqirha oselula"

Kuba lowo wabhala "Notes ..."?

Impendulo izicacele kubo bonke. Kufuneka kufundwe kuzo zombini izigulana kunye noogqirha. Okokuqala, ukuze singazihoyi unyango, kwaye ukhumbule wesibini titsongahata zendalo, ekufuneka ugqirha, ukuba ufuna abe kwiklasi eliphezulu lobungcali. Kwaye amabali umdla Bulgakov kuba nokuqhubeka Gogol umgca kule ncwadi, bonisa ukutshintsha indlela Russian umlinganiswa kazwelonke kwiimeko koqobo Soviet.